ASTM F1796-97(2002)
(Specification)Standard Specification for High Voltage Detectors—Part 1 Capacitive Type to be Used for Voltages Exceeding 600 Volts AC
Standard Specification for High Voltage Detectors—Part 1 Capacitive Type to be Used for Voltages Exceeding 600 Volts AC
ABSTRACT
This specification covers portable, live-line tool-supported, direct-contact type capacitive voltage detectors to be used on electrical systems both indoors and outdoors for ac voltages. This specification establishes requirements for the design and testing of high voltage detectors, used in the electrical power industry, to determine the presence or absence of nominal operating voltage. The following tests shall be performed: voltage; low temperature impact; drop/impact; humidity; wet test; battery life test; durability of labeling; vibration resistance; continuous operation rating; response time; testing the self-test function; acceptable audible indication; acceptable visual indication; visual inspection; method to measure threshold voltage; interference voltage testing; leakage current testing; dielectric testing for detector housing; and wet testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers portable, live-line tool-supported, direct-contact type capacitive voltage detectors to be used on electrical systems both indoors and outdoors for ac voltages from 600 V to 800 kV with frequency of 60 Hz. The function of the voltage detector is limited to the detection of the presence or absence of nominal operating voltage.
1.1.1 This specification is not applicable to other types of voltage detectors.
1.2 The use and maintenance of these high voltage detectors and any necessary insulated tool handles are beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—Except where specified, all voltage defined in this specification refer to phase-to-phase voltage in a three-phase system. Voltage detectors covered by this specification may be used in other than three-phase systems, but the applicable phase-to-phase or phase-to-ground (earth) voltages shall be used to determine the operating voltage.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: F 1796 – 97 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Specification for
High Voltage Detectors—Part 1 Capacitive Type to be Used
for Voltages Exceeding 600 Volts AC
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1796; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.4 IEEE Standards:
IEEE 516 Guide for Maintenance Methods on Energized
1.1 This specification covers portable, live-line tool-
Power Lines
supported, direct-contact type capacitive voltage detectors to
IEEE4 High Voltage Testing Techniquesf
be used on electrical systems both indoors and outdoors for ac
2.5 IEC Standard:
voltages from 600 V to 800 kV with frequency of 60 Hz. The
IEC1243-1 First Addition 1993-11
functionofthevoltagedetectorislimitedtothedetectionofthe
presence or absence of nominal operating voltage.
3. Terminology
1.1.1 This specification is not applicable to other types of
3.1 Definitions:
voltage detectors.
3.1.1 capacitive voltage detector—a device that relies on
1.2 Theuseandmaintenanceofthesehighvoltagedetectors
current passing through stray capacitance to ground.
and any necessary insulated tool handles are beyond the scope
3.1.2 clear indication—a specific condition that detects and
of this specification.
indicates the voltage state at the contact electrode.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.3 clear perception—the ability by the user to determine
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
that the voltage detector is in its operating position.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.4 contact electrode—the bare conductive part of the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
conductiveelementthatestablishestheelectricalconnectionto
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the component to be tested.
NOTE 1—Except where specified, all voltage defined in this specifica-
3.1.5 indicator—part of the voltage detector that indicates
tion refer to phase-to-phase voltage in a three-phase system. Voltage
the presence or absence of the operating voltage at the contact
detectors covered by this specification may be used in other than
electrode.
three-phasesystems,buttheapplicablephase-to-phaseorphase-to-ground
3.1.6 indoor type—a detector designed for use in dry
(earth) voltages shall be used to determine the operating voltage.
conditions, normally indoors.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.7 interference field—electrical field affecting the indica-
tion.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.8 interference voltage—voltages other than the signal
F819 Definitions ofTerms Relating to Electrical Protective
voltage capable of making the device operate.
Equipment for Workers
3.1.9 limit marking—distinctivelocationormarktoindicate
2.2 Other Standard:
to the user the physical limit to which the detector may be
Fed/OSHA(1910, 137, 269, Subpart S)
inserted between live components or may touch them.
2.3 ANSI Standard:
3.1.10 nominal operating voltage—a nominal value consis-
ANSIC84.1 Voltage Ratings for Electric Power Systems
tent with the latest revision of ANSI C84.1.
and Equipment
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F18 on
Electrical Protective Equipment for Workers and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee F18.35 on Tools and Equipment. Available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 345
Current edition approved April 10, 1997. Published December 1997. East 47th St., New York, NY 10017.
2 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.03. Available from the International Electrotechnical Commission, (IEC) Sales
Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Department, Case Postale 131, 3 rue de Varembé, CH-1211, Geneva 20,
Office, P.O. Box 37082, Washington, DC 20013-7082. Switzerland/Suisse.Also available in the United States from the Sales Department,
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd St., 13th AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute,11West42ndSt.,13thFloor,NewYork,NY
Floor, New York, NY 10036. 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 1796 – 97 (2002)
3.1.11 non-contact proximity detector—a device that relies 7.1.1 Instructions for indoor and outdoor testing use and
oncurrentpassingthroughstraycapacitancetogroundwithout maintenance of the voltage detectors shall be included with
making direct contact with the component to be tested. each unit. Whenever practicable, instructions for use and
3.1.12 outdoor type—a detector designed for use either testing shall be printed on a permanent-type label and attached
indoors or outdoors. to the unit.
3.1.13 response time—time delay between sudden change 7.1.2 Voltage range, manufacturer and a general statement
of the voltage state on the contact electrode and the associated regarding any use precautions or limitations shall be perma-
clear indication. nently marked on each unit.
3.1.14 testing element—built in or external device, by
8. Specifications
means of which the functioning of the voltage detector can be
checked. 8.1 The manufacturer shall clearly specify the limits of
3.1.15 threshold voltage—minimum voltage between the performanceofeachvoltagedetectorwithintheinstructionsas
line component and earth (ground) required to give a clear follows:
audible or visual indication, or both, corresponding to specific 8.1.1 Operating voltage range or ranges,
conditions as defined in corresponding test (see clear indica- 8.1.2 Operating temperature range,
tion and clear perception). 8.1.3 Operating humidity range,
3.1.16 voltage detector—a device for indicating the pres- 8.1.4 Storage temperature range,
ence or absence of nominal design or operating voltage. 8.1.5 Storage humidity range, and
3.1.17 voltage, nominal design—anominalvalueconsistent 8.1.6 Any limitations in use.
with the latest revision ofANSI C84.1, assigned to the circuit
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
or system for the purpose of conveniently designating its
voltage class. 9.1 Workmanship and finish shall be of such quality as to
3.1.18 voltage range—value of voltage generally agreed ensure safe operation of the unit. Appearance shall be the
uponbymanufacturerandcustomer,towhichcertainoperating prerogative of the manufacturer.
specifications are referred.
10. Testing
3.2 Tests:
3.2.1 acceptance test—a test made at the option of the 10.1 General—Tests shall be performed on a detector that
purchaser. has been completely assembled. Tests shall be carried out
3.2.2 design test—atypetestmadeonaspecimentreatedas under the following ambient test conditions:
representative of an industrial product. These tests will not 10.1.1 Ambient temperature 59 to 95°F.
generallyberepeatedinquantityproductionunlessachangein 10.1.2 Relative humidity 45 to 75%.
the design is implemented. 10.2 Methods—Unless otherwise specified, tests shall be
3.2.3 performance test—atestperformedtoindicatenormal carried out using a 60 Hz ac power source. Tests shall be
operation of the instrument. performed in dry conditions.
3.2.4 routine test—a type test made regularly on production 10.2.1 The maximum voltage level shall be reached within
material. 10 to 20 s.
10.2.2 An acceptable tolerance of 63% is allowed for all
4. Significance and Use
required values.
4.1 This specification establishes requirements for the de- 10.3 Design Test—A design test shall be performed each
signandtestingofhighvoltagedetectors,usedintheelectrical
timethereisanysignificantchangeinthedesignoftheunit.At
power industry, to determine the presence or absence of least two (2) units shall be tested to ensure that design
nominal operating voltage.
specifications are achieved.
10.3.1 Voltage—Each unit shall be subjected to the voltage
5. Type of Detector
necessary to verify the unit’s threshold voltage. The threshold
5.1 Capacitive
voltage V shall satisfy the t following relationship 610%:
t
5.1.1 Direct Contact—Operates without the need for a
Thresholdvoltage 50.3to0.45 3minimumnameplatevoltage
ground lead, but requires physical contact with the component
(1)
to be tested.
10.3.2 Temperature Dependence of the Indication—The
6. Ordering Information
detector shall operate correctly in the temperature range of the
6.1 Orders for high voltage detectors under this specifica-
climatic category according to Table 1. The threshold voltage
tion should include the following information:
shall not vary by more than 610%, with respect to the
6.1.1 Type,
threshold voltage measured when tested at the minimum and
6.1.2 Voltage range,
6.1.3 Tested to meet ASTM F1796, and
TABLE 1 Climatic categories
6.1.4 Catalog numbers.
Temperature
Temperature° C °F
7. Marking
−25 to +55 −13 to +131
7.1 Labeling:
F 1796 – 97 (2002)
maximum temperature. The detector shall be subjected to the any changes observed in its operation. This test is considered
maximum and minimum temperature extremes for 24 h and passed if the proper indications appear each time.
immediately subjected to a threshold voltage test. The thresh-
10.3.13 Acceptable Audible Indication—The test should be
old voltage is not to deviate 610% from the previously tested
performedinanenvironmentwherebackgroundnoisedoesnot
and recorded test report when conducted under the standard
exceed 60 dBA.
atmospheric conditions as stated in 3.2.1.
10.3.13.1 The detector shall be mounted so that the sound
10.3.3 LowTemperatureImpact—Theprocedureoutlinedin
axis is parallel to the ground at least 5.0 ft off any sound
10.3.4 shall be followed after exposure to−25°C/−13°F for 24
reflecting surface. The test shall be performed by applying a
h.
voltage of 10% over the threshold voltage to the contact
10.3.4 Drop/Impact—The test surface shall be concrete or
electrode.
steel and smooth, hard and unpliable. The height of the fall
10.3.13.2 The sound intensity shall be measured at 2 ft
shall be 3 ft. The unit shall be dropped twice: once in the
intervals at 615 degrees off centerline while moving away
horizontal position and once in the vertical. The vertical drop
from the detector until the following audible thresholds are
shall be made on the contact electr
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