ASTM C191-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
Standard Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a means of determining compliance with a specification limit for Vicat time of setting. Refer to the appropriate specification for the cement to determine if this test method is used for specification compliance.
Time of setting measured by this method will not necessarily provide the same results as the time of setting of hydraulic cement paste measured by other methods, or the time of setting of mortar or concrete.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods determine the time of setting of hydraulic cement by means of the Vicat needle. Two test methods are given; Method A is the Reference Test Method using the manually operated standard Vicat apparatus, while Method B permits the use of an automatic Vicat machine that has, in accordance with the qualification requirements of this method, demonstrated acceptable performance.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 1.4 for a specific warning statement.
1.4 Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. The use of gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection is recommended. Wash contact area with copious amounts of water after contact. Wash eyes for a minimum of 15 min. Avoid exposure of the body to clothing saturated with the liquid phase of the unhardened material. Remove contaminated clothing immediately after exposure.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
Note 1—For the method for determining the time of setting by Gillmore needles, see Test Method C 266.
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Designation: C191 − 08 AmericanAssociation State
Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T131
Standard Test Methods for
1
Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C191; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 These test methods determine the time of setting of 2.1 ASTM Standards:
hydraulic cement by means of the Vicat needle. Two test C150 Specification for Portland Cement
methods are given; Method A is the Reference Test Method C151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic
using the manually operated standard Vicat apparatus, while Cement
Method B permits the use of an automatic Vicat machine that C183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of
has, in accordance with the qualification requirements of this Hydraulic Cement
method, demonstrated acceptable performance. C187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Nor-
mal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement Paste
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
C266 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic-Cement
standard.
Paste by Gillmore Needles
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 1.4 for a
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
specific warning statement.
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
1.4 Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are
C1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical
prolonged exposure. The use of gloves, protective clothing,
Testing of Hydraulic Cements
and eye protection is recommended. Wash contact area with
C1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
copious amounts of water after contact. Wash eyes for a
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
minimum of 15 min. Avoid exposure of the body to clothing
saturated with the liquid phase of the unhardened material.
3. Terminology
2
Remove contaminated clothing immediately after exposure.
3.1 Definitions—The terms used in this test method are
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
defined in accordance with Terminology C219.
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
4. Summary of Test Method
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
as requirements of the standard.
4.1 A paste that is proportioned and mixed to normal
NOTE 1—For the method for determining the time of setting by
consistency, as described in the Test Method C187, is molded
Gillmore needles, see Test Method C266.
and placed in a moist cabinet and allowed to start setting.
Periodic penetration tests are performed on this paste by
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on
allowing a 1-mm Vicat needle to settle into this paste. The
Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.30 on Time of Set.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2008.PublishedJuly2008.Originallyapproved
3
in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C191 – 07. DOI: 10.1520/ For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
C0191-08. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Standards, Vol 04.01. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C191 − 08
Vicat initial time of setting is the time elapsed between the 6.9 Specimen Mold for Method B—The cement paste is held
initial contact of cement and water and the time when the inaconicalringwiththeheightof40 61mmandaremovable
penetration is measured or calculated to be 25 mm. The Vicat base plate. The test surface shall have a minimum diameter of
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
American Association State
Designation:C191–07 Designation:C191–08 Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T131
Standard Test Methods for
1
Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 191; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods determine the time of setting of hydraulic cement by means of the Vicat needle. Two test methods are
given; MethodAis the Reference Test Method using the manually operated standard Vicat apparatus, while Method B permits the
use of an automatic Vicat machine that has, in accordance with the qualification requirements of this method, demonstrated
acceptable performance.
1.2The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values in parentheses are for information only.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. See 1.4 for a specific warning statement.
1.4 Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
prolonged exposure. The use of gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection is recommended. Wash contact area with copious
amounts of water after contact. Wash eyes for a minimum of 15 min. Avoid exposure of the body to clothing saturated with the
2
liquid phase of the unhardened material. Remove contaminated clothing immediately after exposure.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
NOTE 1—For the method for determining the time of setting by Gillmore needles, see Test Method C 266.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
C 151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
C 183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic Cement
C 187 Test Method for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement
C 219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
C 266 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic-Cement Paste by Gillmore Needles
C 305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
C 511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of
Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
C 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C 1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical Testing of
Hydraulic Cements
C 1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—The terms used in this test method are defined in accordance with Terminology C 219.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.30 on Time of Set.
Current edition approved July 15, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C191–04b.
Current edition approved June 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 191 – 07.
2
Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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C191–08
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Apaste that is proportioned and mixed to normal consistency, as described in the Test Method C 187, is molded and placed
in a
...
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