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ASTM C226-22

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic Cement

Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic Cement

ABSTRACT
This specification covers deals with air-entraining additions for use in the manufacture of air-entraining hydraulic cement. The materials used are: cement, aggregates, and reference addition. The grading requirements for fine and coarse aggregates are specified. The following are the test methods for cement samples: chemical analysis of cement, determination of addition in the finished cement, fineness of cement, normal consistency, time of setting, autoclave expansion, air content of mortar, compressive strength of mortar, and length change of mortar. Concrete mixture preparation, weighing, proportions, and mixing methods are detailed. The test on plastic concrete is done in accordance with the following methods: consistency and unit weight and air content. The following are tests for hardened concrete: compressive strength, flexural strength, and resistance to freezing and thawing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements and methods for establishing the suitability of a material for use as an air-entraining addition to be interground with the clinker in the manufacture of air-entraining hydraulic cement conforming to Specifications C150/C150M, C595/C595M, and C1157/C1157M.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Oct-2022
ICS
91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
Technical Committee
C01 - Cement
Drafting Committee
C01.20 - Additions
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM C185-20 - Standard Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020

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ASTM C226-22 - Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic CementASTM C226-22 - Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic Cement
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:C226 −22
Standard Specification for
Air-Entraining Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Air-
1
Entraining Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C226; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube
Specimens)
1.1 This specification covers the requirements and methods
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
for establishing the suitability of a material for use as an
Cement
air-entraining addition to be interground with the clinker in the
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight),Yield,
manufacture of air-entraining hydraulic cement conforming to
and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
Specifications C150/C150M, C595/C595M, and C1157/
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
C1157M.
Concrete
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
standard.
C175 Specification for Air-Entraining Portlant Cement; Re-
4
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
placed by C 150 (Withdrawn 1970)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Mortar
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
C187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Nor-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
mal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement Paste
(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic
C191 TestMethodsforTimeofSettingofHydraulicCement
and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
by Vicat Needle
2
prolonged exposure. )
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Specimens in the Laboratory
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
C204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Air-Permeability Apparatus
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
C231/C231M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly Mixed
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Concrete by the Pressure Method
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
C293/C293M TestMethodforFlexuralStrengthofConcrete
(Using Simple Beam With Center-Point Loading)
2. Referenced Documents
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Contain-
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
ing Hydraulic Cement
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
C666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to
drical Concrete Specimens
Rapid Freezing and Thawing
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic
Cement
5
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commitee C01 on Cement
2.2 ACI Standards:
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.20 on Additions.
ACI 211.1-77 Recommended Practice for Selecting Propor-
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2022. Published October 2022. Originally
tions for Normal and Heavyweight Concrete
approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as C226 – 19. DOI:
10.1520/C0226-22.
2
See the section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM
Standards, Vol 04.01.
3 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM www.astm.org.
5
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from the American Concrete Institute, P.O. Box 19150, Detroit, MI
the ASTM website. 48219.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C226−22
TABLE 1 Grading Requirements of Aggregates
3. Materials
Sieve Percentage Passing
3.1 Cements:
Fine Aggregate
3.1.1 In cases where it is desired that the proposed air-
4.75 mm (No. 4) 100
entraining addition be accepted for general use in portland
1.18 m
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C226 − 19 C226 − 22
Standard Specification for
Air-Entraining Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Air-
1
Entraining Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C226; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers the requirements and methods for establishing the suitability of a material for use as an air-entraining
addition to be interground with the clinker in the manufacture of air-entraining hydraulic cement conforming to Specifications
C150/C150M, C595/C595M, and C1157/C1157M.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns
2
to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube Specimens)
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C151/C151M Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic Cement
4
C175 Specification for Air-Entraining Portlant Cement; Replaced by C 150 (Withdrawn 1970)
C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
C187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement Paste
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Commitee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.20 on Additions.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2019Oct. 15, 2022. Published December 2019October 2022. Originally approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 20122019
as C226 – 12.C226 – 19. DOI: 10.1520/C0226-19.10.1520/C0226-22.
2
See the section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C226 − 22
C191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
C204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by Air-Permeability Apparatus
C231/C231M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
C293/C293M Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With Center-Point Loading)
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic Cement
C666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing
C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
5
2.2 ACI Standards:
ACI 211.1-77 Recommended Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal and Heavyweight Concrete
3. Materials
3.1 Cements:
3.1.1 In cases where it is desired that the proposed air-
...

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1.1 This performance specification covers hydraulic cements for both general and special applications. There are no restrictions on the composition of the cement or its constituents (see Note 1).
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1.1 This specification pertains to blended hydraulic cements for both general and special applications, using slag, pozzolan, limestone, or some combination of these, with portland cement or portland cement clinker or slag with lime.
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ABSTRACT
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SCOPE
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C358 – 58, for Slag Cement  
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SCOPE
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ASTM C183/C183M-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic Cement

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4.1 The sampling procedures described are intended for use in the procurement of samples of hydraulic cement after it has been manufactured and is ready to be offered for sale. They are not intended as sampling procedures for quality control purposes during manufacturing. The testing procedures outlined cover the amount of testing to be done and provide guidance for reporting on conformance or non-conformance of cements with requirements of purchase specifications.  
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4.3 Most building codes and construction specifications require that hydraulic cement to be used in the work meet the applicable requirements of the relevant purchase specifications, such as Specifications C10/C10M, C91/C91M, C150/C150M, C595/C595M, C1157/C1157M, C1328/C1328M, C1329/C1329M, or C845/C845M. If the code or specification requires sampling of the manufactured cement, the provisions given in 4.4 are applicable. Not much cement is sold on the basis of such sampling and testing. A useful discussion of sampling and testing cement is contained in ACI 225.1R.  
4.4 The procedures covered in this practice should be done by or for purchasers of hydraulic cement who are using a code or specification that requires sampling and testing to determine if the samples conform to the relevant acceptance specifications. The testing is done using specified methods to determine whether the samples yield test results that conform to the specification, and the tests serve as a basis for acceptance or rejection of the lot of material ...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for sampling and for the amount of testing of hydraulic cement after it has been manufactured and is ready to be offered for sale.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Values in SI units [or inch-pound units] shall be obtained by measurement in SI units [or inch-pound units] or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI 10, Values are stated in only SI units when inch-pound units are not used in practice  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C1922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Water Retention of Hydraulic Cement-Based Mortars and Plasters by Way of Water Loss

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a means for determining the ability of mortars and plasters to retain water when applied to specific substrates based on the intended use of the tested mortar.  
5.2 The results obtained using this test method may be used to compare the relative ability of mortars and plasters to retain water when applied to different substrates or in comparison to other mortars or plasters applied to the same substrate.  
5.2.1 If applied to the same substrate, water retention values of different mortar can be compared.  
5.2.2 One mortar may be applied to different substrates to understand the impact of varying substrates on water retention of the mortar.  
5.3 The results obtained using this test method do not necessarily indicate the degree of water retention when used with substrates found in the field. This is because the amount of water absorbed by the substrate depends not only on the ability of the mortar to retain water but also on the particular absorption of the substrate and environmental conditions. Environmental conditions are not taken into account in this test method.  
5.4 The results obtained using this test method for plasters (stucco) do not necessarily indicate the degree of water retention when the plaster is applied as a second coat on the surface of a previously applied plaster base coat, since the amount of water absorbed from the second coat of plaster depends on the rate of absorption of the base coat. This is also true when a plaster is applied as a coating on masonry units.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides for the determination of water retention of hydraulic cement based mortars and plasters. Water Retention is directly measured through the absorption of water from the mortar by the substrate. Various substrates may be chosen by the user based on the intended use of the tested mortar. This test method defines such substrates. Comparisons can be made between different mortars on the same substrate or the same mortar on different substrates.  
1.2 This test method provides a water retention value via direct water loss, while Test Method C1506 provides a water retention value via mortar flow.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. When combined standards are cited, the selection of the measurement systems is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.  
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See the Safety Data Sheet for safety information regarding the materials being tested.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C204-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by Air-Permeability Apparatus

ABSTRACT
This test method covers determination of the fineness of hydraulic cement, using the Blaine air-permeability apparatus, in terms of the specific surface expressed as total surface area in square centimetres per gram, or square metres per kilogram, of cement. Two test methods are given: test method A is the reference test method using the manually operated standard Blaine apparatus, while test method B permits the use of automated apparatus that has in accordance with the qualification requirements of this test method demonstrated acceptable performance. The Blaine air-permeability apparatus consists essentially of a means of drawing a definite quantity of air through a prepared bed of cement of definite porosity. The permeability cell shall consist of a rigid cylinder, constructed of austenitic stainless steel. The disk shall be constructed of noncorroding metal, and shall fit the inside of the cell snugly. The plunger shall be constructed of austenitic stainless steel and shall fit into the cell. The filter paper disks shall be circular, with smooth edges, and shall have the same diameter as the inside of the cell. The U-tube manometer shall be constructed according to the design indicated. The manometer shall be filled to the midpoint line with a nonvolatile, nonhygroscopic liquid of low viscosity and density. The timer shall have a positive starting and stopping mechanism. The calibration of the air permeability apparatus shall be made using the standard reference material. The automated test method shall employ apparatus designed either on the principles of the Blaine air-permeability method or apparatus based on the air-permeability principles of the Lea and Nurse method. When the specific surface values determined by an automated apparatus are to be used for acceptance or rejection of cement, the method used shall comply with the qualification requirements. When standardization is required in order to achieve agreement between test method A and test method B, the apparatus shall be standardized according to the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the fineness of hydraulic cement, using the Blaine air-permeability apparatus, in terms of the specific surface expressed as total surface area in square centimetres per gram, or square metres per kilogram, of cement. Two test methods are given: Test Method A is the Reference Test Method using the manually operated standard Blaine apparatus, while Test Method B permits the use of automated apparatus that has in accordance with the qualification requirements of this test method demonstrated acceptable performance. Although the test method may be, and has been, used for the determination of the measures of fineness of various other materials, it should be understood that, in general, relative rather than absolute fineness values are obtained.  
1.1.1 This test method is known to work well for portland cements. However, the user should exercise judgement in determining its suitability with regard to fineness measurements of cements with densities, or porosities that differ from those assigned to Standard Reference Material No. 114 or No. 46h.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safe...

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  • Standard
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