ASTM C637-98a

Standard Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-Shielding Concrete

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers special aggregates for use in radiation-shielding concretes in which composition or high specific gravity, or both, are of prime consideration.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-1998
• ICS: 13.280 - Radiation protection
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.41 - Hydraulic Cement Grouts

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C637-98a(2003) - Standard Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-Shielding Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998
• Referred By: ASTM C938-19 - Standard Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998
• Referred By: ASTM C937-23 - Standard Specification for Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998
• Referred By: ASTM C943-17 - Standard Practice for Making Test Cylinders and Prisms for Determining Strength and Density of Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998
• Referred By: ASTM C685/C685M-17 - Standard Specification for Concrete Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous Mixing
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998
• Referred By: ASTM C33/C33M-23 - Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998
• Referred By: ASTM C94/C94M-23 - Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998
• Referred By: ASTM C136/C136M-19 - Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates
• Effective Date: 10-May-1998

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 637 – 98a
Standard Specification for
Aggregates for Radiation-Shielding Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 637; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Classification
1.1 This specification covers special aggregates for use in 3.1 Aggregates covered by this specification include:
radiation-shielding concretes in which composition or high 3.1.1 Natural mineral aggregates of either high density or
specific gravity, or both, are of prime consideration. highfixedwatercontent,orboth.Theseincludeaggregatesthat
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the contain or consist predominately of materials such as barite,
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information magnetite, hematite, ilmenite, and serpentine.
only. 3.1.2 Synthetic aggregates such as iron, steel, ferrophospho-
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the rus and boron frit or other boron compounds (see Descriptive
test method portion, Section 8, of this specification:This Nomenclature C 638).
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, 3.1.3 Fine aggregate consisting of natural or manufactured
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user sand including high-density minerals. Coarse aggregate may
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health consist of crushed ore, crushed stone, or synthetic products, or
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita- combinations or mixtures thereof.
tions prior to use.
4. Composition and Specific Gravity
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Table1givesdataonchemicalcompositionandspecific
2.1 ASTM Standards: gravity of aggregate materials covered by this specification.
C 33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates 4.2 The purchaser shall specify the minimum specific grav-
C 127 Test Method for Specific Gravity and Absorption of ity for each size and type of aggregate.
Coarse Aggregate 4.2.1 Uniformity of Specific Gravity—The bulk specific
C 128 Test Method for Specific Gravity and Absorption of gravity (saturated surface-dry) of successive shipments of
Fine Aggregate aggregate shall not differ by more than 3 % from that of the
C 131 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small- sample submitted for source approval tests. The average
Size CoarseAggregate byAbrasion and Impact in the Los specificgravityofthetotalshipmentshallbeequaltoorgreater
Angeles Machine than the specified minimum.
C 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse 4.3 The purchaser shall specify the minimum fixed water
Aggregates content of hydrous ores. If the design temperature, T, is
C 535 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Large- different from that given in 8.1.3.5, the purchaser shall specify
Size CoarseAggregate byAbrasion and Impact in the Los the value of T.
Angeles Machine 4.3.1 Uniformity of Fixed Water Content—For hydrous
C 638 Descriptive Nomenclature of Constituents of Aggre- aggregates the fixed water content of successive shipments of
gates for Radiation-Shielding Concrete aggregate shall not be less than 95 % of the specified minimum
value. The average fixed water content of the total shipment
shall be equal to or exceed the specified minimum value.
5. Aggregate Grading
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-9 on
Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.1 Sieve Analysis—Fine and coarse aggregates for conven-
C09.41on Concrete for Radiation Shielding.
tionally placed concrete shall be graded within the limits given
Current edition approved May 10, 1998. Published December 1998. Originally
in Specification C 33, except that with the approval of the
published as C 637 – 69 T. Last previous edition C 637 – 98.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. purchaser, as much as 20 % of the material passing the 9.5-mm
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C 637
TABLE 1 Composition and Specilc Gravity of Aggregates Covered by This Speciflcation
Specific Gravity of
Predominant Chemical Composition of
Class of Material Available
A
Constituent Principal Constituent
Aggregates
B
Serpentine crushed stone, hydrous siliente Mg Si O (OH) 2.4to2.65
3 2 5 4
C
Limonite crushed stone, hydrous iron ore (HFeO ) (H O) 3.4to3.8
2 x 2 y
C
Goethite crushed stone, hydrous iron ore HFeO 3.5to4.5
Barite gravel or crushed stone BaSO 4.0to4.4
Ilmenite crushed stone, iron ore FeTiO 4.2to4.8
Hematite crushed stone, iron ore Fe O 4.6to5.2
2 3
Magnetite crushed stone, iron ore FeFe O 4.6to5.2
2 4
Iron manufactured from iron/steel Fe 6.5 to 7.5
D
Ferrophosphorous synthetic Fe P 5.8 to 6.3
n
E
Boron Frit synthetic B O ,Al O ,SiO , CaO 2.6 to 2.8
2 3 2 3 2
Boron Carbide synthetic B C, B O ,C 2.5
4 2 3
Calcium Boride synthetic C B ,C 2.5
a 6
A
When it is necessary to minimize the production of long-lived secondary radiation in the shield, or to avoid using materials having inherent radioactivity, the purchaser
should specify limits on the contents of objectionable elements.
B
The fixed water content of serpentine ranges from 10 to 13 percent by weight.
C
The fixed water content of limonite and goethite ranges from 8 to 12 percent by weight.
D
Ferrophosphorus when used in Portland cement concrete will generate flammable and possibly toxic gases which can develop high pressures if confined. See
Clendenning,T.G.,Kellam,B.,andMacInnis,C.,“HydrogenEvolutionfromFerrophosphorousAggregateinPortlandCementConcrete,”JournaloftheAmericanConcrete
Institute, No. 12, December 1968. (Proceedings, Vol 65, pp. 1021–1028), and Mather, Bryant, discussion of Davis, Harold S., “Concrete for Radiation Shielding—In
Perspective,” and closure by author in “Concrete for Nuclear Reactors,” Journal of the American Concrete Institute SP-34, Vol 1, 1972, pp. 11–13.
E
The fixed water content of boron frit is less than 0.5 %.
( ⁄8 -in.) sieve may also pass the 150-µm (No. 100) sieve, with 5.1.2 When boron frit is used as part of the fine aggregate,
up to 10 % passing the 75-µm (No. 200) sieve if the material the grading shall be such that 100 % passes the 4.75-mm (No.
passing the 75-µm (No. 200) sieve is essentially free of clay or 4) sieve and not more than 5 % passes the 600-µm (No. 30)
shale. sieve.
5.1.1 Fine and coarse aggregates for preplaced aggregate 5.2 Fineness Modulus—If the fineness modulus of the fine
concreteshallbegradedaccordingtotherequirementsofTable aggregatevariesmorethan0.2fromthevaluecorrespondingto
2 and as follows: that of the sample submitted for acceptance, the fine aggregate
shall be rejected unless suitable adjustments are made in
concrete proportions to compensate for the difference in
Grading of Aggregate
Specific Gravity Coarse Fine
grading.
of Fine Aggregate Aggregate Aggregate
Up to 3.0 Grading 1 Grading 1
6. Deleterious Substances
Greater than 3.0 Grading 1 Grading 2
Full range Grading 2 Grading 2 6.1 Fine and coarse aggregates shall meet the requirements
of Specification C 33.
6.2 Boron frit shall not contain more than 2.0 % of water
soluble material.
NOTE 1—This limit is based on concrete mixtures containing no more
TABLE 2 Grading Requirements for Coarse and Fine Aggregates
3 3
for Preplaced Aggregate Concrete than 300 kg/m (500 lb/yd ) of boron frit.
Percentage Passing
7. Abrasion Resistance of Coarse Aggregate
Grading 2
Grading 1
Sieve Size
7.1 Coarse aggregate shall have an abrasion loss not greater
For 25-mm (1-in.) Nominal
For 37.5-mm (1 ⁄2 -in.)
Maximum Size
than 50 % when tested in accordance with Test Method C 131,
Nominal Maximum Size Aggregate
A
...