Standard Test Methods for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Specific Gravity of Isocyanates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods can be used for research or for quality control to characterize isocyanates used in polyurethane products.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods determine the specific gravity of toluenediiosocyanate and crude methylene-bis-(4-phenylisocyanate). These test methods also are applicable to many other liquids. (See Note 1.)
1.1.1 Test Method A Specific gravity by pycnometer, for high-accuracy determination.
1.1.2 Test Method B Specific gravity by hydrometer, for a less accurate, but rapid, determination.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in brackets are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning and precautionary statements see Notes 2 and 3.
Note 1—There is no equivalent ISO standard.

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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4659 – 03
Standard Test Methods for
Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Specific
1
Gravity of Isocyanates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4659; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 These test methods determine the specific gravity of 3.1 Definitions:
toluenediiosocyanate and crude methylene-bis-(4- 3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in these test methods see
phenylisocyanate). These test methods also are applicable to Terminology D883.
many other liquids. (See Note 1.) 3.2 Description of Term Specific to This Standard:
1.1.1 Test Method A—Specific gravity by pycnometer, for 3.2.1 specific gravity—the ratio of the weight in air of a
high-accuracy determination. given volume of the material at a stated temperature to the
1.1.2 Test Method B—Specific gravity by hydrometer, for a weight in air of an equal volume of water at a stated
less accurate, but rapid, determination. temperature. It shall be expressed as specific gravity, 25/25°C,
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the indicating that the sample and reference water were both
standard.Thevaluesgiveninbracketsareforinformationonly. measured at 25°C.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 4.1 These test methods can be used for research or for
qualitycontroltocharacterizeisocyanatesusedinpolyurethane
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific products.
warning and precautionary statements see Notes 2 and 3.
TEST METHOD A—SPECIFIC GRAVITY BY
NOTE 1—There is no equivalent ISO standard.
PYCNOMETER
2. Referenced Documents
5. Apparatus
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Pycnometer,of25or50-mLcapacity,conicalshapewith
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
acapillarysidearmoverflowtubehavingastandard-taper5/12
D891 Test Methods for Specific Gravity, Apparent, of
ground-glass joint and a ground-glass vented cap.Athermom-
Liquid Industrial Chemicals
etergraduatedfrom12to38°Cin0.2°divisionsattachedtothe
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
neck of the flask by a standard-taper 10/18 ground-glass joint.
E1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
This thermometer should be calibrated using the ASTM
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
thermometer specified in 5.3.
E202 Test Methods for Analysis of Ethylene Glycols and
5.2 Water Bath—A water bath maintained at 25 60.05°C.
Propylene Glycols
5.3 Thermometer—An ASTM low-softening point ther-
mometer, calibrated from −2 to +80°C, which meets the
requirements for Thermometer 15C in Specification E1.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
5.4 AnalyticalBalance—Abalancehavingasensitivityofat
Plastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular
least 0.1 mg.
Plastics.
CurrenteditionapprovedNovember1,2003.PublishedJanuary2004.Originally
6. Reagents and Materials
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D4659-98.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Use reagent grade chemicals in all
contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
tests.Unlessotherwiseindicated,itisintendedthatallreagents
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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D 4659 – 03
Reagents of the American Chemical Society where such container until it becomes liquid. Rapidly cool the liquid to 22
3
specifications are available. Other grades may be used, pro- to 24°C and fill the pycnometer, while minimizing exposure of
vided it is ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high the sample to air.
purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the 9.5 Insert the thermometer into the pycnometer without
determination. trapping air bubbles. Cover the side arm with the vented cap
6.2 Purity of Water—Unlessotherwiseindicated,references andallowthepycnometertoequilibrateinthewaterbathforat
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined least 30 min. Wipe the overflow from the side arm capillary
by Type IV or better
...

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