Standard Test Method for Modified Fouling Index (MFI-0.45) of Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is an alternative for the silt density index (SDI) method (Test Method D4189) with the aim to overcome inaccuracies related to a nonlinear relation with the fouling potential due to particulate matter concentration, absence of temperature correction, support pad, and time.  
5.2 The MFI-0.45 can serve as a useful indication of the quantity of particulate matter.  
5.3 The MFI-0.45 can be used to determine effectiveness of various processes such as filtration or clarification used to remove particulate matter.  
5.4 The MFI-0.45 has empirically been correlated with fouling tendency of some water treatment equipment such as reverse osmosis (RO) devices.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the modified fouling index (MFI) of water measured at constant pressure. This test can be used to indicate the fouling potential of reverse osmosis/nanofiltration (RO/NF) feed water due particulate matter and is applicable to low and high turbidity waters. Since the size, shape, and nature of particulate matter in water may vary, this test method is not an absolute measurement of the quantity of particulate matter.  
1.2 This test method is not applicable for reagent-grade water Types I, II, and III of Specification D1193 or effluents from most reverse osmosis and ultra-filtration systems.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

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Historical
Publication Date
14-Jul-2015
Technical Committee
Current Stage
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ASTM D8002-15 - Standard Test Method for Modified Fouling Index (MFI-0.45) of Water
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D8002 −15
StandardTest Method for
1
Modified Fouling Index (MFI-0.45) of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8002; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope nologies for Measurement of Turbidity in Water
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the modi-
3. Terminology
fied fouling index (MFI) of water measured at constant
3.1 Definitions:
pressure.This test can be used to indicate the fouling potential
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
of reverse osmosis/nanofiltration (RO/NF) feed water due
Terminologies D1129 and D6161.
particulate matter and is applicable to low and high turbidity
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
waters.Sincethesize,shape,andnatureofparticulatematterin
3.2.1 modified fouling index, MFI-0.45, n—indexcalculated
water may vary, this test method is not an absolute measure-
from the development of filtration velocity through a 0.45-µm
ment of the quantity of particulate matter.
membrane filter. D2777
1.2 This test method is not applicable for reagent-grade
4. Summary of Test Method
water Types I, II, and III of Specification D1193 or effluents
from most reverse osmosis and ultra-filtration systems. 4.1 Water is passed through a 0.45-µm membrane filter at
constant pressure of 200 kPa and the development of the rate
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
of filtration is measured continuously.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4.2 The MFI is calculated from the obtained data of flow
standard.
versus time at constant pressure and temperature.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.1 This test method is an alternative for the silt density
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
index (SDI) method (Test Method D4189) with the aim to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
overcome inaccuracies related to a nonlinear relation with the
fouling potential due to particulate matter concentration, ab-
2. Referenced Documents
sence of temperature correction, support pad, and time.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 The MFI-0.45 can serve as a useful indication of the
D1129Terminology Relating to Water
quantity of particulate matter.
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
5.3 The MFI-0.45 can be used to determine effectiveness of
D2777Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
various processes such as filtration or clarification used to
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
remove particulate matter.
D3370Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D4189Test Method for Silt Density Index (SDI) of Water
5.4 The MFI-0.45 has empirically been correlated with
D6161TerminologyUsedforMicrofiltration,Ultrafiltration,
fouling tendency of some water treatment equipment such as
Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membrane Processes
reverse osmosis (RO) devices.
D7726Guide for The Use of Various Turbidimeter Tech-
6. Apparatus
6.1 MFI Assembly—As described in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water
wettedpartsshouldbemadeofhigh-qualitystainlessorplastic
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Ion
to prevent contamination by corrosion products. Do not use
Exchange Materials.
reactive materials such as carbon steel, galvanized steel, cast
Current edition approved July 15, 2015. Published August 2015. DOI: 10.1520/
D8002-15.
iron, and copper alloys. Suitable filter holders, designed to
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
withstand an operational gage pressure of 350 kPa, can be
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
obtained from suppliers of membrane filters. The filter holder
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. should be equipped with a device releasing air.
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1

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D8002−15
NOTE 1—PI is pressure indicator; PC is pressure controller.
FIG. 1 Apparatus for Measuring MFI at Constant Pressure with a Pump
FIG. 2Representative Apparatus for Measuring MFI at Constant Pressure with a Pressure Vessel
6.2 Membrane Filter: 6.3 Thermometer or Sensor Suitable for Measuring Tem-
6.2.1 Membrane, white hydrophil
...

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