ASTM D8002-15e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Modified Fouling Index (MFI-0.45) of Water (Withdrawn 2024)
Standard Test Method for Modified Fouling Index (MFI-0.45) of Water (Withdrawn 2024)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is an alternative for the silt density index (SDI) method (Test Method D4189) with the aim to overcome inaccuracies related to a nonlinear relation with the fouling potential due to particulate matter concentration, absence of temperature correction, support pad, and time.
5.2 The MFI-0.45 can serve as a useful indication of the quantity of particulate matter.
5.3 The MFI-0.45 can be used to determine effectiveness of various processes such as filtration or clarification used to remove particulate matter.
5.4 The MFI-0.45 has empirically been correlated with fouling tendency of some water treatment equipment such as reverse osmosis (RO) devices.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the modified fouling index (MFI) of water measured at constant pressure. This test can be used to indicate the fouling potential of reverse osmosis/nanofiltration (RO/NF) feed water due particulate matter and is applicable to low and high turbidity waters. Since the size, shape, and nature of particulate matter in water may vary, this test method is not an absolute measurement of the quantity of particulate matter.
1.2 This test method is not applicable for reagent-grade water Types I, II, and III of Specification D1193 or effluents from most reverse osmosis and ultra-filtration systems.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation:D8002 −15
Standard Test Method for
1
Modified Fouling Index (MFI-0.45) of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8002; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Note 12 was editorially corrected in June 2016.
1. Scope Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370Practices for Sampling Water from Flowing Process
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the modi-
Streams
fied fouling index (MFI) of water measured at constant
D4189Test Method for Silt Density Index (SDI) of Water
pressure.This test can be used to indicate the fouling potential
D6161TerminologyUsedforMicrofiltration,Ultrafiltration,
of reverse osmosis/nanofiltration (RO/NF) feed water due
Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membrane Processes
particulate matter and is applicable to low and high turbidity
D7726Guide for The Use of Various Turbidimeter Tech-
waters.Sincethesize,shape,andnatureofparticulatematterin
nologies for Measurement of Turbidity in Water
water may vary, this test method is not an absolute measure-
ment of the quantity of particulate matter.
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method is not applicable for reagent-grade
3.1 Definitions:
water Types I, II, and III of Specification D1193 or effluents
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
from most reverse osmosis and ultra-filtration systems.
Terminologies D1129 and D6161.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.2.1 modified fouling index, MFI-0.45, n—indexcalculated
standard.
from the development of filtration velocity through a 0.45-µm
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
membrane filter. D2777
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.1 Water is passed through a 0.45-µm membrane filter at
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
constant pressure of 200 kPa and the development of the rate
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
of filtration is measured continuously.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.2 The MFI is calculated from the obtained data of flow
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
versus time at constant pressure and temperature.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents 5.1 This test method is an alternative for the silt density
2 index (SDI) method (Test Method D4189) with the aim to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
overcome inaccuracies related to a nonlinear relation with the
D1129Terminology Relating to Water
fouling potential due to particulate matter concentration, ab-
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
sence of temperature correction, support pad, and time.
D2777Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
5.2 The MFI-0.45 can serve as a useful indication of the
quantity of particulate matter.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Ion 5.3 The MFI-0.45 can be used to determine effectiveness of
Exchange Materials.
various processes such as filtration or clarification used to
Current edition approved July 15, 2015. Published August 2015. DOI: 10.1520/
remove particulate matter.
D8002-15E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.4 The MFI-0.45 has empirically been correlated with
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
fouling tendency of some water treatment equipment such as
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. reverse osmosis (RO) devices.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D8002−15
6. Apparatus Discrete samples can be used with appropriate pressurizing
apparatussuchasapumporanair/nitrogenpressurizedvessel.
6.1 MFI Assembly—As described in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,
wettedpartsshouldbemadeofhigh-qualitystainl
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D8002 − 15
Standard Test Method for
1
Modified Fouling Index (MFI-0.45) of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8002; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Note 12 was editorially corrected in June 2016.
1. Scope Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Flowing Process
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the modi-
Streams
fied fouling index (MFI) of water measured at constant
D4189 Test Method for Silt Density Index (SDI) of Water
pressure. This test can be used to indicate the fouling potential
D6161 Terminology Used for Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration,
of reverse osmosis/nanofiltration (RO/NF) feed water due
Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membrane Processes
particulate matter and is applicable to low and high turbidity
D7726 Guide for The Use of Various Turbidimeter Tech-
waters. Since the size, shape, and nature of particulate matter in
nologies for Measurement of Turbidity in Water
water may vary, this test method is not an absolute measure-
ment of the quantity of particulate matter.
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method is not applicable for reagent-grade
3.1 Definitions:
water Types I, II, and III of Specification D1193 or effluents
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
from most reverse osmosis and ultra-filtration systems.
Terminologies D1129 and D6161.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.2.1 modified fouling index, MFI-0.45, n—index calculated
standard.
from the development of filtration velocity through a 0.45-µm
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
membrane filter. D2777
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.1 Water is passed through a 0.45-µm membrane filter at
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
constant pressure of 200 kPa and the development of the rate
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
of filtration is measured continuously.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.2 The MFI is calculated from the obtained data of flow
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
versus time at constant pressure and temperature.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is an alternative for the silt density
2. Referenced Documents
2 index (SDI) method (Test Method D4189) with the aim to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
overcome inaccuracies related to a nonlinear relation with the
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
fouling potential due to particulate matter concentration, ab-
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
sence of temperature correction, support pad, and time.
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
5.2 The MFI-0.45 can serve as a useful indication of the
quantity of particulate matter.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Ion 5.3 The MFI-0.45 can be used to determine effectiveness of
Exchange Materials.
various processes such as filtration or clarification used to
Current edition approved July 15, 2015. Published August 2015. DOI: 10.1520/
remove particulate matter.
D8002-15E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.4 The MFI-0.45 has empirically been correlated with
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
fouling tendency of some water treatment equipment such as
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. reverse osmosis (RO) devices.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D8002 − 15
6. Apparatus Discrete samples can be used with appropriate pressurizing
apparatus such as a pump or an air/nitrogen pressurized vessel.
6.1 MFI Assembly—As described in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,
wetted parts should be made of high-quality stainless or plastic
NOTE 1—The pump should be of such a design that grinding flocs will
to p
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D8002 − 15 D8002 − 15
Standard Test Method for
1
Modified Fouling Index (MFI-0.45) of Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8002; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Note 12 was editorially corrected in June 2016.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the modified fouling index (MFI) of water measured at constant pressure. This
test can be used to indicate the fouling potential of reverse osmosis/nanofiltration (RO/NF) feed water due particulate matter and
is applicable to low and high turbidity waters. Since the size, shape, and nature of particulate matter in water may vary, this test
method is not an absolute measurement of the quantity of particulate matter.
1.2 This test method is not applicable for reagent-grade water Types I, II, and III of Specification D1193 or effluents from most
reverse osmosis and ultra-filtration systems.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D4189 Test Method for Silt Density Index (SDI) of Water
D6161 Terminology Used for Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration, Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membrane Processes
D7726 Guide for The Use of Various Turbidimeter Technologies for Measurement of Turbidity in Water
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminologies D1129 and D6161.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 modified fouling index, MFI-0.45, n—index calculated from the development of filtration velocity through a 0.45-μm
membrane filter. D2777
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Water is passed through a 0.45-μm membrane filter at constant pressure of 200 kPa and the development of the rate of
filtration is measured continuously.
4.2 The MFI is calculated from the obtained data of flow versus time at constant pressure and temperature.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is an alternative for the silt density index (SDI) method (Test Method D4189) with the aim to overcome
inaccuracies related to a nonlinear relation with the fouling potential due to particulate matter concentration, absence of
temperature correction, support pad, and time.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Ion Exchange
Materials.
Current edition approved July 15, 2015. Published August 2015. DOI: 10.1520/D8002-15.10.1520/D8002-15E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D8002 − 15
5.2 The MFI-0.45 can serve as a useful indication of the quantity of particulate matter.
5.3 The MFI-0.45 can be used to determine effectiveness of various processes such as filtration or clarification used to remove
particulate matter.
5.4 The MFI-0.45 has empirically been correlated with fouling tendency of some water treatment equipment such as reverse
osmosis (RO) devices.
6. Apparatus
6.1 MFI Assembly—As described in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, wetted parts should be made of high-quality stainless or plastic to prevent
contamination by corrosion products. Do not use reactive materials such as carbon steel, galvanized steel, cast iron, and copper
alloys. Suitable filter holders, designed to withstand an operational gage pressure of 350 kPa, can be obtained from suppliers of
membrane
...
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