ASTM D4171-11
(Specification)Standard Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
Standard Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
ABSTRACT
This specification covers additives for aviation fuels used to inhibit ice formation in aircraft fuel systems. Three types of fuel system icing inhibitors are provided as follows: type I - ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, type II - anhydrous isopropanol, and type III - diethylene glycol monomethyl ether. The relative density, color, distillation range, non-volatile matter, and odor shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. The water properties, heptanes miscibility, acidity, water miscibility, and flash point shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A1.3.1 Fuel system icing inhibitor performance (Type III) is based upon test results using the pure inhibitor in a specific concentration range. Impurities affect inhibitor solubility in the fuel and reduce the effective concentration. Methods are therefore needed to check additive purity to ensure adequate performance in the aircraft.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers additives for aviation fuels (see Specifications D910 and D1655) used to inhibit ice formation in aircraft fuel systems.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 WARNINGMercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s websitehttp://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D4171 −11 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Specification for
1
Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4171; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Industrial Chemicals
D910 Specification for Aviation Gasolines
1.1 This specification covers additives for aviation fuels
D1078 Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Or-
(see Specifications D910 and D1655) used to inhibit ice
ganic Liquids
formation in aircraft fuel systems.
D1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Cobalt Scale)
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D1296 Test Method for Odor of Volatile Solvents and
standard.
Diluents
1.3 WARNING —Mercury has been designated by many
D1353 Test Method for Nonvolatile Matter in Volatile Sol-
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause vents for Use in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
Products
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to D1364 Test Method for Water in Volatile Solvents (Karl
materials.Cautionshouldbetakenwhenhandlingmercuryand
Fischer Reagent Titration Method)
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
D1476 Test Method for Heptane Miscibility of Lacquer
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
Solvents
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for addi-
D1613 Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and
tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury
Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer,
and/or mercury containing products into your state or country
and Related Products
may be prohibited by law.
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
D1722 Test Method for Water Miscibility of Water-Soluble
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Solvents
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Cup Tester
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
2. Referenced Documents D5006 Test Method for Measurement of Fuel System Icing
2
Inhibitors (Ether Type) in Aviation Fuels
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
Glass Electrode
Closed Cup Tester
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer
D268 Guide for Sampling and Testing Volatile Solvents and
Titration
Chemical Intermediates for Use in Paint and Related
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
Coatings and Material
E450 Test Method for Measurement of Color of Low-
D891 TestMethodsforSpecificGravity,Apparent,ofLiquid
Colored Clear Liquids Using the Hunterlab Color Differ-
3
ence Meter (Withdrawn 1993)
1
E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulo-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
metric Karl Fischer Titration
D02.J0.04 on Additives and Electrical Properties.
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-
Current edition approved May 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D4171–03(2010).
DOI: 10.1520/D4171-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4171−11
TABLE 2 Detailed Requirements for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
3. Classification
(Type III)
3.1 Twotypesoffuelsystemicinginhibitorsareprovidedas
Requirement
follows:
Property ASTM Test
DiEGME
3.1.1 Type I—Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether is used as
Method
(Type III)
an anti-icing addi
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D4171–03 (Reapproved 2010) Designation: D4171 – 11
Standard Specification for
1
Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4171; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers additives for aviation fuels (see Specifications D910 and D1655) used to inhibit ice formation in
aircraft fuel systems.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3
1.3 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D268 Guide for Sampling andTestingVolatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates for Use in Paint and Related Coatings and
Material
D891 Test Methods for Specific Gravity, Apparent, of Liquid Industrial Chemicals
D910 Specification for Aviation Gasolines
D1078 Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile Organic Liquids
D1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-Cobalt Scale)
D1296 Test Method for Odor of Volatile Solvents and Diluents
D1353 Test Method for Nonvolatile Matter in Volatile Solvents for Use in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products
D1364 Test Method for Water in Volatile Solvents (Karl Fischer Reagent Titration Method)
D1476 Test Method for Heptane Miscibility of Lacquer Solvents
D1613 Test Method forAcidity in Volatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
Products
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
D1722 Test Method for Water Miscibility of Water-Soluble Solvents
D3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D5006 Test Method for Measurement of Fuel System Icing Inhibitors (Ether Type) in Aviation Fuels
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the Glass Electrode
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer Titration
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.J0.04
on Additives and Electrical Properties.
Current edition approved JulyMay 1, 2010.2011. Published July 2010.June 2011. Originally approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 20012010 as
D4171–03(2010). DOI: 10.1520/D4171-03R10.10.1520/D4171-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4171 – 11
3
E450 Method for Measurement of Color of Low-Colored Clear Liquids Using the Hunterlab Color Difference Meter
E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration Test Method for Water in Organic
Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Ther
...
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