ASTM D822-23
(Practice)Standard Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings
Standard Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The ability of a paint or coating to resist deterioration of its physical and optical properties caused by exposure to light, heat, and water can be very significant for many applications. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.
4.2 Cautions—Variation in results may be expected when different operating conditions are used. Therefore, no reference to the use of this practice shall be made unless accompanied by a report prepared according to Section 10 that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained according to this practice.
Note 1: Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution, and data analysis of laboratory accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.
4.2.1 The spectral power distribution of light from an open-flame carbon-arc is significantly different from that produced in light and water exposure devices using other carbon-arc configurations or other light sources. The type and rate of degradation and the performance rankings produced by exposures to filtered open-flame carbon-arcs can be much different from those produced by exposures to other types of laboratory light sources.
4.2.2 Interlaboratory comparisons are valid only when all laboratories use the same type of carbon-arc, filters, and exposure conditions.
4.3 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has been shown to be good when the stability of materials is evaluated in terms of performance ranking compared to other materials or to a control.4,5 Therefore, exposure of a similar material of known...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in filtered open-flame carbon-arc devices conducted according to Practices G151 and G152. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions suited for coatings, and the evaluation of test results.
1.2 This practice does not cover enclosed carbon-arc exposures of paints and related coatings, which is described in Practice D5031/D5031M. Another procedure for exposing these products is covered by Practice D3361/D3361M, in which the specimens are subjected to radiation from an unfiltered open-flame carbon arc that produces shorter wavelengths and higher levels of short wavelength radiation than filtered open-flame or enclosed carbon arcs.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D822 − 23
Standard Practice for
Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and
1
Related Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for 2.1 ASTM Standards:
accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in D358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in
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filtered open-flame carbon-arc devices conducted according to Weathering Tests of Coatings (Withdrawn 2014)
Practices G151 and G152. This practice also covers the prepa- D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
ration of test specimens, the test conditions suited for coatings, D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
and the evaluation of test results. for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and
Related Coating Products
1.2 This practice does not cover enclosed carbon-arc expo-
D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted
sures of paints and related coatings, which is described in
Steel Surfaces
Practice D5031/D5031M. Another procedure for exposing
D659 Method for Evaluating Degree of Chalking of Exterior
these products is covered by Practice D3361/D3361M, in
3
Paints (Withdrawn 1990)
which the specimens are subjected to radiation from an
D660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of
unfiltered open-flame carbon arc that produces shorter wave-
Exterior Paints
lengths and higher levels of short wavelength radiation than
D662 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Erosion of
filtered open-flame or enclosed carbon arcs.
Exterior Paints
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
Paints
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
D772 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Flaking (Scal-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ing) of Exterior Paints
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of Paint, Coatings and Related Products on Test Panels
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the D1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color
Coordinates
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D822/ The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
D822M – 13 (2018). DOI: 10.1520/D0822-23. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D822 − 23
D2616 Test Method for Evaluation of Visual Color Differ- carbon-arc configurations or other light sources. The type and
ence With a Gray Scale rate of degradation and the performance rankings produced by
D3361/D3361M Practice for Unfiltered Open-Flame exposures to filtered open-flame carbon-arcs can be much
Carb
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D822/D822M − 13 (Reapproved 2018) D822 − 23
Standard Practice for
Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and
1
Related Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D822/D822M;D822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in filtered
open-flame carbon-arc devices conducted according to Practices G151 and G152. This practice also covers the preparation
the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions suited for coatings, and the evaluation of test results.Table 1 describes
commonly used test conditions.
1.2 This practice does not cover enclosed carbon-arc exposures of paints and related coatings, which is described in Practice
D5031/D5031M. Another procedure for exposing these products is covered by Practice D3361/D3361M, in which the specimens
are subjected to radiation from an unfiltered open-flame carbon arc that produces shorter wavelengths and higher levels of short
wavelength radiation than filtered open-flame or enclosed carbon arcs.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.given in parentheses after SI units are provided
for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in Weathering Tests of Coatings (Withdrawn 2014)
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018Dec. 1, 2023. Published September 2018December 2023. Originally approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 20132018
as D822/D822M – 13.D822/D822M – 13 (2018). DOI: 10.1520/D0822_D0822M-13R18.10.1520/D0822-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D822 − 23
A
TABLE 1 Test Cycles Commonly Used for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposure Testing of Paints and Related Coatings
Uninsulated Black
Panel
B,C,D
Temperature
Cycle
B,C E
Cycle Description °C °F Typical Uses
Number
1 Continuous light
General coatings
102 min light only at 50 ± 10 % RH
63 ± 2.5 145 ± 5 and historical
G
18 min light and water spray
F
convention
Repeat continuously
2 18 h continuous light using:
102 min light only at 50 ± 10 % RH
18 min light and water spray 63 ± 2.5 145 ± 5
General coatings
6 h dark using: 24 ± 1.5 75 ± 3
95 % relative humidity (no water spray)
Repeat continuously
3 48 min light at 50 ± 10 % RH Coatings used in
12 min light and water spray 63 ± 2.5 145 ± 5 original equipment
Repeat continuously manufacturing
4 4 h light at 50 ± 10% Exterior pigmented
RH
4 h dark with water 63 ± 2.5 145 ± 5
spray
Repeat continuously
...
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