ASTM D3675-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
Standard Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended for use when measuring surface flammability of flexible cellular materials exposed to fire. The test method provides a laboratory test procedure for measuring and comparing the surface flammability of materials when exposed to a prescribed level of radiant heat energy. The test is conducted using specimens that are representative, to the extent possible, of the material or assembly being evaluated. For example, if an assembly is required to be tested, such specimens shall replicate the type and thickness of all the layers present in the assembly being evaluated.
The rate at which flames will travel along surfaces depends upon the physical and thermal properties of the material, product, or assembly under test, the specimen mounting method and orientation, the type and level of fire or heat exposure, the availability of air, and properties of the surrounding enclosure. (1-6) ,
5.3 Test Method E 162 is a generic version of this test method, using an apparatus that is substantially the same as the one used in this test method. However, Test Method E 162 is normally intended for application to specimens other than flexible cellular materials.
5.3.1 The pilot burner in this test method is different from the pilot burner in Test Method E 162.
In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory fire test conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by or from this test to predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire test exposure conditions described in this procedure.
If the test results obtained by this test method are to be considered as part of an overall assessment of fire hazard in a building or structure, then the criteria, concepts and procedures incorporated into Guide E 1546 shall be taken into consideration.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a fire test response standard.
1.2 This test method describes the measurement of surface flammability of flexible cellular materials.
1.3 This standard measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not, by itself, incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 Fire testing of products and materials is inherently hazardous, and adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests. This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. Specific information about hazards is given in Section 7.
Note 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in inch-pound units, in brackets, are for information only and are approximations (see also IEEE/ASTM SI-10).
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Designation:D3675–08
Standard Test Method for
Surface Flammability of Flexible Cellular Materials Using a
1
Radiant Heat Energy Source
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3675; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* E 1321 Test Method for Determining Material Ignition and
Flame Spread Properties
1.1 This is a fire test response standard.
E 1546 Guide for Development of Fire-Hazard-Assessment
1.2 This test method describes the measurement of surface
Standards
flammability of flexible cellular materials.
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the International
1.3 This standard measures and describes the response of
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
controlled conditions, but does not, by itself, incorporate all
ISO 13943 Fire Safety—Vocabulary
factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the
materials,products,orassembliesunderactualfireconditions.
3. Terminology
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
to the terminology contained in Terminology E 176 and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ISO 13943. In case of conflict, the definitions given in Termi-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
nology E 176 shall prevail.
1.5 Fire testing of products and materials is inherently
3.1.2 flame front, n—the leading edge of a flame propagat-
hazardous, and adequate safeguards for personnel and property
ing through a gaseous mixture or across the surface of a liquid
shall be employed in conducting these tests. This test method
or solid.
may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Specific information about hazards is given in Section 7.
3.2.1 flashing, n—flame fronts of three seconds or less in
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
duration.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 3.2.2 radiant panel index, I , n—the product of the flame
s
standard.Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunits,inbrackets,are spread factor, F and the heat evolution factor, Q.
s
for information only and are approximations (see also IEEE/
4. Summary of Test Method
ASTM SI-10).
4.1 This test method of measuring surface flammability of
2. Referenced Documents
flexible cellular materials employs a radiant panel heat source
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: consisting of a 300 by 460-mm (12 by 18-in.) panel in front of
which an inclined 150 by 460-mm (6 by 18-in.) specimen of
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
Building Materials the material is placed. The orientation of the specimen is such
that ignition is forced near its upper edge and the flame front
E 162 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Materials
Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source progresses downward.
4.2 Factors derived from the rate of progress of the flame
E 176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E 1317 Test Method for Flammability of Marine Surface frontandtherateofheatliberatedbythematerialundertestare
combined to provide a radiant panel index.
Finishes
5. Significance and Use
1 5.1 This test method is intended for use when measuring
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties. surface flammability of flexible cellular materials exposed to
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published September 2008. Originally
fire. The test method provides a laboratory test procedure for
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 3675 - 05.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from International Standardization Organization, P.O. Box 56,
the ASTM website. CH-1211; Geneva 20, Switzerland.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3675–08
measuringandcomparingthesurfaceflammabilityofmaterials 6.1.2.1 The calibration process (see A1.2) shall be con-
when exposed to a prescribed level of radiant heat e
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3675–05 Designation:D3675–08
Standard Test Method for
Surface Flammability of Flexible Cellular Materials Using a
1
Radiant Heat Energy Source
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3675; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This is a fire test response standard.
1.2 This test method describes the measurement of surface flammability of flexible cellular materials.
1.3 Thisstandardmeasuresanddescribestheresponseofmaterials,products,orassembliestoheatandflameundercontrolled
conditions, but does not, by itself, incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products,
or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.5 Fire testing of products and materials is inherently hazardous, and adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be
employed in conducting these tests. This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. Specific
information about hazards is given in Section 7.
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
1.6The1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in inch-pound units, in brackets,
are for information only and are approximations (see also IEEE/ASTM SI-10).
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E 162 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
E 176 Terminology of Fire Standards
E 1317 Test Method for Flammability of Marine Surface Finishes
E 1321 Test Method for Determining Material Ignition and Flame Spread Properties
E 1546 Guide for Development of Fire-Hazard-Assessment Standards
IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 13943 Fire Safety—Vocabulary
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to the terminology contained inTerminology E 176 and ISO 13943.
In case of conflict, the definitions given in Terminology E 176 shall prevail.
3.1.2 flamefront,n—theleadingedgeofaflamepropagatingthroughagaseousmixtureoracrossthesurfaceofaliquidorsolid.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 flashing, n—flame fronts of three seconds or less in duration.
3.2.2 radiant panel index, I , n—the product of the flame spread factor, F and the heat evolution factor, Q.
s s
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties .
Current edition approved Nov.Aug. 1, 2005.2008. Published December 2005.September 2008. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20012005
as D 3675 - 015.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from International Standardization Organization, P.O. Box 56, CH-1211; Geneva 20, Switzerland.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3675–08
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method of measuring surface flammability of flexible cellular materials employs a radiant panel heat source
consisting of a 300 by 460-mm [12(12 by 18-in.]18-in.) panel in front of which an inclined 150 by 460-mm [6(6 by 18-in.]18-in.)
specimen of the material is placed.The orientation of the specimen is such that ignition is forced near its upper edge and the flame
front progresses downward.
4.2 Factors derived from the rate of progress of the flame front and the rate of heat liberated by the material under test are
combined to provide a radiant panel index.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test m
...
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