ASTM A48/A48M-03

Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers gray iron castings intended for general engineering use where tensile strength is a major consideration. Castings are classified on the basis of the tensile strength of the iron in separately cast test bars. The surface of the casting shall be free of adhering sand, scale, cracks, and hot tears, as determined by visual examination. The test bars are designated into S, A, B, and C categories, according to the thickness of its controlling wall section. The casting shall be subjected to a tension test to determine its tensile strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers gray iron castings intended for general engineering use where tensile strength is a major consideration. Castings are classified on the basis of the tensile strength of the iron in separately cast test bars.
1.1.1 This specification subordinates chemical composition to tensile strength.
1.2 Castings produced to this specification are graded on the basis of minimum tensile strength obtained in special test coupons designed to standardize cooling rate. The tensile strength developed in certain casting sections may vary from test coupon values (see X1.2).
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2003
• ICS: 77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
• Technical Committee: A04 - Iron Castings
• Drafting Committee: A04.01 - Grey and White Iron Castings

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A48/A48M-00 - Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM A48/A48M-03(2008) - Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM E784-89(2022) - Standard Specification for Clamps, Utility, Laboratory, and Holders, Buret and Clamp
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM A942/A942M-95(2022) - Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast White Iron/Gray Iron Dual Metal Abrasion-Resistant Roll Shells
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM A1111-22 - Standard Specification for Cast Iron Closet Flanges for Use with Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings in Gravity Flow Plumbing Drain, Waste, and Vent Sanitary Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM A319-71(2020) - Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-Pressure-Containing Parts
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F1548-01(2023) - Standard Specification for Performance of Fittings for Use with Gasketed Mechanical Couplings Used in Piping Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM A888-21a - Standard Specification for Hubless Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings for Sanitary and Storm Drain, Waste, and Vent Piping Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM A126-04(2019) - Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Pipe Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C660-81(2020) - Standard Practices for Production and Preparation of Gray Iron Castings for Porcelain Enameling
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C1572/C1572M-23 - Standard Guide for Dry Lead Glass and Oil-Filled Lead Glass Radiation Shielding Window Components for Remotely Operated Facilities
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F1510-21 - Standard Specification for Rotary Positive Displacement Pumps, Ships Use
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM A1056-20 - Standard Specification for Cast Iron Couplings Used for Joining Hubless Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM A1109-22 - Standard Specification for Special Fittings for Single-Stack Hubless Cast Iron Soil Pipe Fittings for Sanitary, Waste, and Vent Piping Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003
• Referred By: ASTM E1806-23 - Standard Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 48/A 48M – 03
Standard Specification for
1
Gray Iron Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 48/A 48M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. This specification replaces Federal Specification
QQ-I-652.
1. Scope 3.1.1 Definitions for many terms common to gray iron
castings are found in Terminology A 644.
1.1 This specification covers gray iron castings intended for
general engineering use where tensile strength is a major
4. Classification
consideration. Castings are classified on the basis of the tensile
4.1 Castings ordered and produced in accordance with this
strength of the iron in separately cast test bars.
specificationareclassifiedintoanumberofgradesbasedonthe
1.1.1 This specification subordinates chemical composition
properties of separately cast test bars (Table 1, Table 2). Each
to tensile strength.
class is designated by a number followed by a letter. The
1.2 Castings produced to this specification are graded on the
number indicates the minimum tensile strength of the sepa-
basis of minimum tensile strength obtained in special test
rately cast test bar, and the letter indicates the size of the test
coupons designed to standardize cooling rate. The tensile
bar. Examples of proper designations are as follows:
strength developed in certain casting sections may vary from
Gray Iron Castings, ASTM Specification A 48, Class 30B.
test coupon values (see X1.2).
Gray Iron Castings, ASTM Specification A 48, Class 40C.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
5. Ordering Information
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
5.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall
following information:
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
5.1.1 ASTM designation number and year of issue,
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
5.1.2 Class of iron required (see 4.1, Table 1, and Table 2),
cation.
5.1.3 The size of the separately cast test bar (letter
classification—A, B, C, or S) that best represents the thickness
2. Referenced Documents
of the controlling section of the casting (see Table 3),
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1.4 The tension test specimen (B or C) to be machined
A 644 Terminology Relating to Iron Castings
from test bar C (see 13.3, Table 4, and Fig. 1),
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
5.1.5 The tension test specimen to be machined from test
2.2 Military Standard:
2 bar S (see 13.4, Table 4, and Fig. 1),
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
5.1.6 Lot size (see Section 10),
2.3 Federal Standard:
5.1.7 Special requirements (see Section 6),
Federal Standard No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil
2 5.1.8 Saving tested specimens or unbroken test bars (see
Agencies)
15.1), and
3. Terminology 5.1.9 Special preparation for delivery (see Section 19).
3.1 Definitions:
6. Special Requirements
6.1 When agreed upon in writing between the manufacturer
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron
and the purchaser, it may be necessary for the castings to meet
Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.01 on Gray Iron
special requirements as to hardness, chemical composition,
Castings.
microstructure, pressure tightness, radiographic soundness,
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2003. Published January 2004. Originally
approved in 1905. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as A 48 – 00. dimensions, surface finish, and so forth.
2
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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A 48/A 48M – 03
TABLE 1 Requirements for Tensile Strength of Gray Cast Irons TABLE 2 Requirements for Tensile Strength of Gray Cast Irons
in Separately Cast Test Bars (Inch-Pound) in Separately Cast Test Bars (Metric)
Tensile Strength, Nominal Test Bar Tensile Strength, Nominal Test Bar
Class Class
min, ksi Diameter, in. min, ksi [MPa] Diameter, in. [mm]
No. 20 A 20 0.8 No. 150A 150 20 to 22
No. 20 B 1.2 No. 150B 30
No. 20 C 2.0 No. 150C 50
A A
No. 20 S Bars S No. 150S Bars S
No. 25 A 25 0.88 No. 175A 175 20 to 22
No. 25 B 1.2 No. 175B 30
No. 25 C 2.0 No. 175C 50
A A
No. 25 S Bars S No
...