ASTM D5191-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Vapor pressure is a very important physical property of volatile liquids.
5.2 The vapor pressure of gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends is regulated by various government agencies.
5.3 Specifications for volatile petroleum products generally include vapor pressure limits to ensure products of suitable volatility performance.
5.4 This test method is more precise than Test Method D4953, uses a small sample size (1 mL to 10 mL), and requires about 7 min to complete the test.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the use of automated vapor pressure instruments to determine the total vapor pressure exerted in vacuum by air-containing, volatile, liquid petroleum products, including automotive spark-ignition fuels with or without oxygenates (see Note 1). This test method is suitable for testing samples with boiling points above 0 °C (32 °F) that exert a vapor pressure between 7 kPa and 130 kPa (1.0 psi and 18.6 psi) at 37.8 °C (100 °F) at a vapor-to-liquid ratio of 4:1. Measurements are made on liquid sample sizes in the range from 1 mL to 10 mL. No account is made for dissolved water in the sample. Note 1—An interlaboratory study was conducted in 2008 involving 11 different laboratories submitting 15 data sets and 15 different samples of ethanol-fuel blends containing 25 volume %, 50 volume %, and 75 volume % ethanol. The results indicated that the repeatability limits of these samples are with in the published repeatability of this test method. on this basis, it can be concluded that D5191 is applicable to ethanol-fuel blends such as Ed75 and Ed85 (Specification D5798) and other ethanol-fuel blends with greater than 10 v% ethanol. See ASTM RR: D02–1694 filed with ASTM for supporting data.2Note 2—Samples can also be tested at other vapor-to-liquid ratios, temperatures, and pressures, but the precision and bias statements need not apply.Note 3—The interlaboratory studies conducted in 1988, 1991, and 2003 to determine the precision statements in Test Method D5191 did not include any crude oil in the sample sets. Test Method D6377, as well as IP 481, have been shown to be suitable for vapor pressure measurements of crude oils.
1.1.1 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze when cooled to 0 °C to 1 °C. If a haze is observed in 8.5, it shall be indicated in the reporting of results. The precision and bias statements for hazy samples have not been determined (see Note 15).
1.2 This test method is suitable for calculation of the dry vapor pressure equivalent (DVPE) of gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends by means of a correlation equation (see Eq 1 in 14.2). The calculated DVPE very closely approximates the dry vapor pressure that would be obtained on the same material when tested by Test Method D4953.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website – http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm - for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety warning statements, see 7.2 through 7.8.
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Designation: D5191 − 13
StandardTest Method for
1
Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5191; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* oxygenate blends by means of a correlation equation (see Eq 1
in 14.2). The calculated DVPE very closely approximates the
1.1 This test method covers the use of automated vapor
dryvaporpressurethatwouldbeobtainedonthesamematerial
pressure instruments to determine the total vapor pressure
when tested by Test Method D4953.
exertedinvacuumbyair-containing,volatile,liquidpetroleum
products, including automotive spark-ignition fuels with or 1.3 The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard.
without oxygenates (see Note 1). This test method is suitable The inch-pound units given in parentheses are provided for
for testing samples with boiling points above 0°C (32°F) that information only.
exert a vapor pressure between 7kPa and 130 kPa (1.0psi and
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
18.6psi) at 37.8°C (100°F) at a vapor-to-liquid ratio of 4:1.
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
Measurements are made on liquid sample sizes in the range
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
from 1mL to 10 mL. No account is made for dissolved water
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
in the sample.
materials.Cautionshouldbetakenwhenhandlingmercuryand
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
NOTE 1—An interlaboratory study was conducted in 2008 involving 11
different laboratories submitting 15 data sets and 15 different samples of
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website
ethanol-fuel blends containing 25 volume %, 50 volume %, and 75
– http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm - for additional infor-
volume % ethanol. The results indicated that the repeatability limits of
mation. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or
these samples are with in the published repeatability of this test method.
mercury containing products into your state or country may be
on this basis, it can be concluded that D5191 is applicable to ethanol-fuel
prohibited by law.
blends such as Ed75 and Ed85 (Specification D5798) and other ethanol-
fuel blends with greater than 10 v% ethanol. See ASTM RR: D02–1694
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2
filed with ASTM for supporting data.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
NOTE 2—Samples can also be tested at other vapor-to-liquid ratios,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
temperatures,andpressures,buttheprecisionandbiasstatementsneednot
apply.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
NOTE 3—The interlaboratory studies conducted in 1988, 1991, and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety
2003 to determine the precision statements inTest Method D5191 did not
warning statements, see 7.2 through 7.8.
include any crude oil in the sample sets. Test Method D6377, as well as
IP 481, have been shown to be suitable for vapor pressure measurements
2. Referenced Documents
of crude oils.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1.1 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze
D2892Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum
when cooled to 0°C to 1°C. If a haze is observed in 8.5,it
(15-Theoretical Plate Column)
shall be indicated in the reporting of results.The precision and
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
bias statements for hazy samples have not been determined
Petroleum Products
(see Note 15).
D4953Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and
1.2 This test method is suitable for calculation of the dry
Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
vapor pressure equivalent (DVPE) of gasoline and gasoline-
D5798Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-
Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
D6299Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.08 on Volatility.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013. Published December 2013. Originally
3
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D5191 –12. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/D5191-13. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@as
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5191 − 12 D5191 − 13
Standard Test Method for
1
Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5191; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the use of automated vapor pressure instruments to determine the total vapor pressure exerted in
vacuum by air-containing, volatile, liquid petroleum products, including automotive spark-ignition fuels with or without
oxygenates (see Note 1). This test method is suitable for testing samples with boiling points above 0°C (32°F)0 °C (32 °F) that
exert a vapor pressure between 77 kPa and 130 kPa (1.0(1.0 psi and 18.6 psi) at 37.8°C (100°F)18.6 psi) at 37.8 °C (100 °F) at
a vapor-to-liquid ratio of 4:1. Measurements are made on liquid sample sizes in the range from 11 mL to 10 mL. No account is
made for dissolved water in the sample.
NOTE 1—An interlaboratory study was conducted in 2008 involving 11 different laboratories submitting 15 data sets and 15 different samples of
ethanol-fuel blends containing 25 volume %, 50 volume %, and 75 volume % ethanol. The results indicated that the repeatability limits of these samples
are with in the published repeatability of this test method. on this basis, it can be concluded that D5191 is applicable to ethanol-fuel blends such as Ed75
and Ed85 (Specification D5798) and other ethanol-fuel blends with greater than 10 v% ethanol. See ASTM RR: D02–1694 filed with ASTM for
2
supporting data.
NOTE 2—Samples can also be tested at other vapor-to-liquid ratios, temperatures, and pressures, but the precision and bias statements need not apply.
NOTE 3—The interlaboratory studies conducted in 1988, 1991, and 2003 to determine the precision statements in Test Method D5191 did not include
any crude oil in the sample sets. Test Method D6377, as well as IP 481, have been shown to be suitable for vapor pressure measurements of crude oils.
1.1.1 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze when cooled to 00 °C to 1°C.1 °C. If a haze is observed in 8.5, it shall
be indicated in the reporting of results. The precision and bias statements for hazy samples have not been determined (see Note
15).
1.2 This test method is suitable for calculation of the dry vapor pressure equivalent (DVPE) of gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate
blends by means of a correlation equation (see Eq 1 in 14.2). The calculated DVPE very closely approximates the dry vapor
pressure that would be obtained on the same material when tested by Test Method D4953.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are provided for
information only.
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website – http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm - for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific safety warning statements, see 7.2 through 7.8.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2892 Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.08 on Volatility.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012Dec. 1, 2013. Published November 2012December 2013. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20102012
as D5191–10b. – 12. DOI: 10.1520/D5191-12.10.1520/D5191-13.
2
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM Internatio
...
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