ASTM D5986-96(2006)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates, Benzene, Toluene, C<inf>8</inf>-C<inf> 12</inf> Aromatics and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography/Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Test methods to determine oxygenates, benzene, and the aromatic content of gasoline are necessary to assess product quality and to meet new fuel regulations.
This test method can be used for gasolines that contain oxygenates (alcohols and ethers) as additives. It has been determined that the common oxygenates found in finished gasoline do not interfere with the analysis of benzene and other aromatics by this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of oxygenates: methyl-t-butylether (MTBE), di-isopropyl ether (DIPE), ethyl-t-butylether (ETBE), t-amylmethyl ether (TAME), methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), 2-propanol (2-PrOH), t-butanol (t-BuOH), 1-propanol (1-PrOH), 2-butanol (2-BuOH), i-butanol (i-BuOH), 1-butanol (1-BuOH); benzene, toluene and C8-C12 aromatics, and total aromatics in finished motor gasoline by gas chromatography/Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (GC/FTIR).
1.2 This test method covers the following concentration ranges: 0.1-20 volume % per component for ethers and alcohols; 0.1-2 volume % benzene; 1-15 volume % for toluene, 10-40 volume % total (C6-C12) aromatics.
1.3 The method has not been tested by ASTM for refinery individual hydrocarbon process streams, such as reformates, fluid catalytic cracking naphthas, etc., used in blending of gasolines.
1.4 SI units of measurement are preferred and used throughout this test method.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2006
• ICS: 27.060.10 - Liquid and solid fuel burners
• ICS: 71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.04.0L - Gas Chromatography Methods

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D5986-96(2001) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates, Benzene, Toluene, C₈-C₁₂ Aromatics and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography/Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM D5986-96(2011) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates, Benzene, Toluene, C₈-C₁₂ Aromatics and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography/Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 01-May-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5986–96 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Oxygenates, Benzene, Toluene, C –C
8 12
Aromatics and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas
1
Chromatography/Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5986; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4052 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
Liquids by Digital Density Meter
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
of oxygenates: methyl-t-butylether (MTBE), di-isopropyl ether
Petroleum Products
(DIPE), ethyl-t-butylether (ETBE), t-amylmethyl ether
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
(TAME), methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), 2-propanol (2-
Analytical Standards
PrOH), t-butanol (t-BuOH), 1-propanol (1-PrOH), 2-butanol
(2-BuOH), i-butanol (i-BuOH), 1-butanol (1-BuOH); benzene,
3. Terminology
toluene and C –C aromatics, and total aromatics in finished
8 12
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
motor gasoline by gas chromatography/Fourier Transform
3.1.1 aromatics—refers to any organic compound contain-
infrared spectroscopy (GC/FTIR).
ing a benzene or naphthalene ring.
1.2 This test method covers the following concentration
3.1.2 calibrated aromatic component—in this test method,
ranges: 0.1–20 volume % per component for ethers and
refers to the individual aromatic components which have a
alcohols; 0.1–2 volume % benzene; 1–15 volume % for
specific calibration.
toluene, 10–40 volume % total (C –C ) aromatics.
6 12
3.1.3 cool on-column injector—in gas chromatography,a
1.3 The method has not been tested by ASTM for refinery
direct sample introduction system which is set at a temperature
individual hydrocarbon process streams, such as reformates,
at or below the boiling point of solutes or solvent on injection
fluid catalytic cracking naphthas, etc., used in blending of
and then heated at a rate equal to or greater than the column.
gasolines.
Normally used to eliminate boiling point discrimination on
1.4 SIunitsofmeasurementarepreferredandusedthrough-
injectionortoreduceadsorption,orboth,onglasslinerswithin
out this test method.
injectors. The sample is injected directly into the head of the
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
capillary column tubing or retention gap.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4 Gram-Schmidt chromatogram—a nonselective sum-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
mation of total intensity from a spectral scan per unit time
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
which resembles in profile a flame ionization detector chro-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
matogram.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.5 retention gap—in gas chromatography, refers to a
2 deactivated precolumn which acts as a zone of low retention
2.1 ASTM Standards:
power for reconcentrating bands in space. The polarity of the
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
precolumn must be similar to that of the analytical column.
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
3.1.6 selective wavelength chromatogram (SWC)—in this
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
test method, refers to a selective chromatogram obtained by
summing the spectral intensity in a narrow spectral wavelength
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
or frequency range as a function of elution time which is
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
unique to the compound being quantitated.
D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.
3.1.7 uncalibrated aromatic component—in this test
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006. Published January 2007. Originally
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D5986 – 96 (2001).
method,referstoindividualaromaticsforwhichacalibrationis
DOI: 10.1520/D5986-96R06.
not available and whose concentrations are estimated from the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
response factor of a calibrated aromatic component.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5986–96 (2006)
3.1.8 wall coated open tubular (WCOT)—a
...