ASTM D8210-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Automatic Determination of Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants Using a Rotational Viscometer
Standard Test Method for Automatic Determination of Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants Using a Rotational Viscometer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, power steering fluids, and hydraulic oils are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Low-temperature viscosity limits of these fluids are often specified to ensure their suitability for use and are cited in many specifications.
5.2 The manual test method, Test Method D2983, was developed to determine whether an automatic transmission fluid (ATF) would meet low-temperature performance criterion originally defined using a particular model viscometer.4 The viscosity range covered in the original ATF performance correlation studies was from less than 1000 mPa·s to more than 60 000 mPa·s. The success of the ATF correlation and the development of this test method has over time been applied to other fluids and lubricants such as gear oils, hydraulic fluids, and so forth.
5.3 The viscosity determined by this test method using option A was found to be statistically indistinguishable from Test Method D2983 – 16 measurements based on the ILS data to establish this test method’s precision.
5.4 Due to the shorter time at test temperature, results from the abbreviated thermal conditioning (Option B) may differ from results obtained with the 14 h soak at test temperature (Option A). For the samples used in developing this test method, results obtained with the abbreviated procedure (Option B) tended to be less than 14 h soak (Option A). This difference seemed to be larger for products that contained high wax base stock.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method automates the determination of low temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of driveline and hydraulic fluids, such as automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, hydraulic fluids, and other lubricants. It utilizes a thermoelectrically temperature-controlled sample chamber along with a programmable rotational viscometer. This test method covers a viscosity range of 300 mPa·s to 900 000 mPa·s measured at temperatures from –40 °C to –10 °C.
1.2 The precision data were determined at –40 °C and –26 °C for a viscosity range of 6380 mPa·s to 255 840 mPa·s.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard except those noted below.
1.3.1 Exception—The test method uses the SI unit, milliPascal-second (mPa·s), as the unit of viscosity. (1 cP = 1 mPa·s).
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D8210 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Automatic Determination of Low-Temperature Viscosity of
Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and
1
Lubricants Using a Rotational Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8210; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method automates the determination of low
D341 Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Charts for Liquid
temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of driveline and hydrau-
Petroleum Products
lic fluids, such as automatic transmission fluids, gear oils,
D2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Au-
hydraulic fluids, and other lubricants. It utilizes a thermoelec-
tomaticTransmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubri-
trically temperature-controlled sample chamber along with a
cants using a Rotational Viscometer
programmable rotational viscometer.This test method covers a
D5293 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oils
viscosity range of 300 mPa·s to 900 000 mPa·s measured at
and Base Stocks Between –10 °C and –35 °C Using
temperatures from –40 °C to –10 °C.
Cold-Cranking Simulator
1.2 The precision data were determined at –40 °C and D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
–26 °C for a viscosity range of 6380 mPa·s to 255 840 mPa·s. of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D7962 Practice for Determination of Minimum Immersion
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Depth and Assessment of Temperature Sensor Measure-
standard except those noted below.
ment Drift
1.3.1 Exception—The test method uses the SI unit,
E644 Test Methods for Testing Industrial Resistance Ther-
milliPascal-second (mPa·s), as the unit of viscosity. (1 cP =
mometers
1 mPa·s).
E2877 Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers
3
2.2 ISO Standard:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ISO 17025 General requirements for the competence of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
testing and calibration laboratories
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3. Terminology
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions:
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.1 digital contact thermometer (DCT), n—an electronic
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
device consisting of a digital display and associated tempera-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ture sensing probe.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.1.1 Discussion—This device consists of a temperature
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
sensor connected to a measuring instrument; this instrument
measures the temperature-dependent quantity of the sensor,
computes the temperature from the measured quantity, and
provides a digital output. This digital output goes to a digital
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved May 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2018. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D8210 – 18. DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/D8210-19. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8210 − 19
displayand/orrecordingdevicethatmaybeinternalorexternal neededforeitherthefull-lengthtest(OptionA)withoutpreheat
to the device. These devices are referred to as “digital or the abbreviated test (Option B) without preheat.
thermometers.”
5. Significance and Use
3.1.1.2 Discussion—PET is an acronym for portable elec-
tronic thermometer, a subset of digital contact thermometers
5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity o
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D8210 − 18 D8210 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Automatic Determination of Low-Temperature Viscosity of
Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and
1
Lubricants Using a Rotational Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8210; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method automates the determination of low temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of driveline and hydraulic fluids,
such as automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, hydraulic fluids, and other lubricants. It utilizes a thermoelectrically
temperature-controlled sample chamber along with a programmable rotational viscometer. This test method covers a viscosity
range of 300 mPa·s to 900 000 mPa·s measured at temperatures from –40 °C to –10 °C.
1.2 The precision data were determined at –40 °C and –26 °C for a viscosity range of 6380 mPa·s to 255 840 mPa·s.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard
except those noted below.
1.3.1 Exception—The test method uses the SI unit, milliPascal-second (mPa·s), as the unit of viscosity. (1 cP = 1 mPa·s).
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D341 Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Charts for Liquid Petroleum Products
D2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using
a Rotational Viscometer
D5293 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oils and Base Stocks Between –10 °C and –35 °C Using Cold-Cranking
Simulator
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D7962 Practice for Determination of Minimum Immersion Depth and Assessment of Temperature Sensor Measurement Drift
E644 Test Methods for Testing Industrial Resistance Thermometers
E2877 Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers
3
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 17025 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved July 1, 2018May 1, 2019. Published September 2018May 2019. Originally approved in 2018. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as
D8210 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D8210-18.10.1520/D8210-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8210 − 19
3.1.1 digital contact thermometer (DCT), n—an electronic device consisting of a digital display and associated temperature
sensing probe.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
This device consists of a temperature sensor connected to a measuring instrument; this instrument measures the temperature-
dependent quantity of the sensor, computes the temperature from the measured quantity, and provides a digital output. This digital
output goes to a digital display and/or recording device that may be internal or external to the device. These devices are referred
...
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