ASTM D524-00
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of carbon residue (Note 1) left after evaporation and pyrolysis of an oil, and is intended to provide some indication of relative coke-forming propensity. This test method is generally applicable to relatively nonvolatile petroleum products which partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure. Petroleum products containing ash-forming contituents as determined by Test Method D 482, will have an erroneously high carbon residue, depending upon the amount of ash formed (Notes 2 and 3).
Note 1—The term carbon residue is used throughout this test method to designate the carbonaceous residue formed during evaporation and pyrolysis of a petroleum product. The residue is not composed entirely of carbon, but is a coke which can be further changed by pyrolysis. The term carbon residue is continued in this test method only in deference to its wide common usage.
Note 2—Values obtained by this test method are not numerically the same as those obtained by Test Method D189, or Test Method D4530. Approximate correlations have been derived (see Fig. X2.1) but need not apply to all materials which can be tested because the carbon residue test is applicable to a wide variety of petroleum products. The Ramsbottom Carbon Residue test method is limited to those samples that are mobile below 90°C.
Note 3—In diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates such as amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate, causes a higher carbon residue value than observed in untreated fuel, which can lead to erroneous conclusions as to the coke-forming propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate in the fuel can be detected by Test Method D4046.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 524 – 00 An American National Standard
British Standard 4451
Designation: 14/94
Standard Test Method for
1
Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 524; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
This test method has been adopted for use by government agencies to replace Method 5002 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 791b.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount 2.1 ASTM Standards:
of carbon residue (Note 1) left after evaporation and pyrolysis D 189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of
2
of an oil, and is intended to provide some indication of relative Petroleum Products
2
coke-forming propensity. This test method is generally appli- D 482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
cable to relatively nonvolatile petroleum products which par- D 4046 Test Method for Alkyl Nitrate in Diesel Fuels by
3
tially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure. Pe- Spectrophotometry
troleum products containing ash-forming contituents as D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
3
determined by Test Method D 482, will have an erroneously Petroleum Products
high carbon residue, depending upon the amount of ash formed D 4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
3
(Note 2 and Note 3). Products, and Lubricants
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
NOTE 1—The term carbon residue is used throughout this test method
3
Petroleum Products
to designate the carbonaceous residue formed during evaporation and
D 4530 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue
pyrolysis of a petroleum product. The residue is not composed entirely of
3
carbon, but is a coke which can be further changed by pyrolysis. The term (Micro Method)
4
carbon residue is continued in this test method only in deference to its
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
5
wide common usage.
E 133 Specification for Distillation Equipment
NOTE 2—Values obtained by this test method are not numerically the
same as those obtained by Test Method D 189, or Test Method D 4530.
3. Terminology
Approximate correlations have been derived (see Fig. X2.1) but need not
3.1 Definitions:
apply to all materials which can be tested because the carbon residue test
3.1.1 carbon residue, n—the residue formed by evaporation
is applicable to a wide variety of petroleum products. The Ramsbottom
Carbon Residue test method is limited to those samples that are mobile and thermal degradation of a carbon containing material.
below 90°C.
D 4175
NOTE 3—In diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates such as amyl
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The residue is not composed entirely
nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate, causes a higher carbon residue value
of carbon but is a coke that can be further changed by carbon
than observed in untreated fuel, which can lead to erroneous conclusions
pyrolysis. The term carbon residue is retained in deference to
as to the coke-forming propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate
its wide common usage.
in the fuel can be detected by Test Method D 4046.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 The sample, after being weighed into a special glass
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
bulb having a capillary opening, is placed in a metal furnace
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
maintained at approximately 550°C. The sample is thus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
quickly heated to the point at which all volatile matter is
evaporated out of the bulb with or without decomposition
while the heavier residue remaining in the bulb undergoes
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06on Analysis of Lubricants.
2
Current edition approved Apr. 10, 2000. Published June 2000. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3
published as D 524 – 39 T. Last previous edition D 524 – 97. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
4
In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
5
Committee. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.