ASTM D7484-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Valve-Train Wear Performance in Cummins ISB Medium-Duty Diesel Engine
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Valve-Train Wear Performance in Cummins ISB Medium-Duty Diesel Engine
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method was developed to assess the performance of a heavy-duty engine oil in controlling engine wear under operating conditions selected to accelerate soot production and valve-train wear in a turbocharged and aftercooled four-cycle diesel engine with sliding tappet followers equipped with exhaust gas recirculation hardware.
5.2 The design of the engine used in this test method is representative of many, but not all, modern diesel engines. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions, shall be considered when extrapolating test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method, commonly referred to as the Cummins ISB Test, covers the utilization of a modern, 5.9 L, diesel engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation and is used to evaluate oil performance with regard to valve-train wear.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, or where there is a sole source of supply equipment specification.
1.2.2 See also A7.1 for clarification; it does not supersede 1.2 and 1.2.1.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.
1.4 Table of Contents:
Section
Scope
1
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Test Method
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus
6
Engine Fluids and Cleaning Solvents
7
Preparation of Apparatus
8
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests
9
Test Procedure
10
Calculations, Ratings, and Test Validity
11
Report
12
Precision and Bias
13
Annexes
Safety Precautions
Annex A1
Intake Air Aftercooler
Annex A2
The Cummins ISB Engine Build Parts Kit
Annex A3
Sensor Locations and Special Hardware
Annex A4
External Oil System
Annex A5
Cummins Service Publications
Annex A6
Specified Units and Formats
Annex A7
Oil Analyses
Annex A8
Alternate Fuel Approval Process
Annex A9
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7484 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Valve-Train Wear
1
Performance in Cummins ISB Medium-Duty Diesel Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7484; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Any properly equipped laboratory, without outside assistance, can use the procedure described in
2
this test method. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides reference oils and an
assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory. By these means, the laboratory
will know whether its use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by
other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in
seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a
requirement in connection with several Army engine lubricating oil specifications.
Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.
Laboratories that choose not to use these services may simply ignore those portions of the test method
that refer to the TMC.
2
This test method may be modified by means of information letters issued by the TMC. In addition,
the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the method.
ASTM International policy is to encourage the development of test procedures based on generic
equipment. It is recognized that there are occasions where critical/sole-source equipment has been
approved by the technical committee (surveillance panel/task force) and is required by the test
procedure. The technical committee that oversees the test procedure is encouraged to clearly identify
if the part is considered critical in the test procedure. If a part is deemed to be critical, ASTM
encourages alternative suppliers to be given the opportunity for consideration of supplying the critical
part/component providing they meet the approval process set forth by the technical committee.
An alternative supplier can start the process by initiating contact with the technical committee
(current chairs shown on ASTM TMC website). The supplier should advise on the details of the part
that is intended to be supplied. The technical committee will review the request and determine
feasibility of an alternative supplier for the requested replacement critical part. In the event that a
replacement critical part has been identified and proven equivalent the sole-source supplier footnote
shall be removed from the test procedure.
1. Scope* engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation and is used to
evaluate oil performance with regard to valve-train wear.
1.1 This test method, commonly referred to as the Cummins
ISB Test, covers the utilization of a modern, 5.9 L, diesel 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for
Subcommittee D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.
Current edition approved March 1, 2023. Published March 2023. Originally
screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, or
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D7484 – 21b. DOI:
where there is a sole source of supply equipment specification.
10.1520/D7484-23.
2
1.2.2 See also A7.1 for clarification; it does not supersede
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information 1.2 and 1.2.1.
letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 203 Armstrong
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Drive, Freeport, PA 16229. Attention Administrator. This edition incorporates
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
revisions in all information letters through No. 22-1. www.astmtmc.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7484 − 23
responsibility of the u
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7484 − 21b D7484 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Valve-Train Wear
1
Performance in Cummins ISB Medium-Duty Diesel Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7484; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Any properly equipped laboratory, without outside assistance, can use the procedure described in
2
this test method. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides reference oils and an
assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory. By these means, the laboratory
will know whether its use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by
other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in
seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a
requirement in connection with several Army engine lubricating oil specifications.
Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.
Laboratories that choose not to use these services may simply ignore those portions of the test method
that refer to the TMC.
2
This test method may be modified by means of information letters issued by the TMC. In addition,
the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the method.
ASTM International policy is to encourage the development of test procedures based on generic
equipment. It is recognized that there are occasions where critical/sole-source equipment has been
approved by the technical committee (surveillance panel/task force) and is required by the test
procedure. The technical committee that oversees the test procedure is encouraged to clearly identify
if the part is considered critical in the test procedure. If a part is deemed to be critical, ASTM
encourages alternative suppliers to be given the opportunity for consideration of supplying the critical
part/component providing they meet the approval process set forth by the technical committee.
An alternative supplier can start the process by initiating contact with the technical committee
(current chairs shown on ASTM TMC website). The supplier should advise on the details of the part
that is intended to be supplied. The technical committee will review the request and determine
feasibility of an alternative supplier for the requested replacement critical part. In the event that a
replacement critical part has been identified and proven equivalent the sole-source supplier footnote
shall be removed from the test procedure.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method, commonly referred to as the Cummins ISB Test, covers the utilization of a modern, 5.9 L, diesel engine
equipped with exhaust gas recirculation and is used to evaluate oil performance with regard to valve-train wear.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021March 1, 2023. Published October 2021March 2023. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D7484
– 21a. DOI: 10.1520/D7484-21B.21b. DOI: 10.1520/D7484-23.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information letters
may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489.203 Armstrong Drive, Freeport, PA 16229. Attention Administrator.
This edition incorporates revisions in all information letters through No. 21-2.22-1. www.astmtmc.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7484 − 23
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw
threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, or where there is a sole source of supply equi
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7484 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Valve-Train Wear
1
Performance in Cummins ISB Medium-Duty Diesel Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7484; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Any properly equipped laboratory, without outside assistance, can use the procedure described in
2
this test method. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides reference oils and an
assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory. By these means, the laboratory
will know whether its use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by
other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in
seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a
requirement in connection with several Army engine lubricating oil specifications.
Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.
Laboratories that choose not to use these services may simply ignore those portions of the test method
that refer to the TMC.
2
This test method may be modified by means of information letters issued by the TMC. In addition,
the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the method.
ASTM International policy is to encourage the development of test procedures based on generic
equipment. It is recognized that there are occasions where critical/sole-source equipment has been
approved by the technical committee (surveillance panel/task force) and is required by the test
procedure. The technical committee that oversees the test procedure is encouraged to clearly identify
if the part is considered critical in the test procedure. If a part is deemed to be critical, ASTM
encourages alternative suppliers to be given the opportunity for consideration of supplying the critical
part/component providing they meet the approval process set forth by the technical committee.
An alternative supplier can start the process by initiating contact with the technical committee
(current chairs shown on ASTM TMC website). The supplier should advise on the details of the part
that is intended to be supplied. The technical committee will review the request and determine
feasibility of an alternative supplier for the requested replacement critical part. In the event that a
replacement critical part has been identified and proven equivalent the sole-source supplier footnote
shall be removed from the test procedure.
1. Scope* engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation and is used to
evaluate oil performance with regard to valve-train wear.
1.1 This test method, commonly referred to as the Cummins
ISB Test, covers the utilization of a modern, 5.9 L, diesel 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants. except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for
Current edition approved March 1, 2023. Published March 2023. Originally
screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, or
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D7484 – 21b. DOI:
where there is a sole source of supply equipment specification.
10.1520/D7484-23.
2
1.2.2 See also A7.1 for clarification; it does not supersede
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information
1.2 and 1.2.1.
letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 203 Armstrong
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Drive, Freeport, PA 16229. Attention Administrator. This edition incorporates
revisions in all information letters through No. 22-1. www.astmtmc.org. safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7484 − 23
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- D1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices
...
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