ASTM D524-00e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
Standard Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of carbon residue (Note 1) left after evaporation and pyrolysis of an oil, and is intended to provide some indication of relative coke-forming propensity. This test method is generally applicable to relatively nonvolatile petroleum products which partially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure. Petroleum products containing ash-forming constituents as determined by Test Method D 482, will have an erroneously high carbon residue, depending upon the amount of ash formed (Notes 2 and 3).
Note 1—The term carbon residue is used throughout this test method to designate the carbonaceous residue formed during evaporation and pyrolysis of a petroleum product. The residue is not composed entirely of carbon, but is a coke which can be further changed by pyrolysis. The term carbon residue is continued in this test method only in deference to its wide common usage.
Note 2—Values obtained by this test method are not numerically the same as those obtained by Test Method D189, or Test Method D4530. Approximate correlations have been derived (see Fig. X2.1) but need not apply to all materials which can be tested because the carbon residue test is applicable to a wide variety of petroleum products. The Ramsbottom Carbon Residue test method is limited to those samples that are mobile below 90°C.
Note 3—In diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates such as amyl nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate, causes a higher carbon residue value than observed in untreated fuel, which can lead to erroneous conclusions as to the coke-forming propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate in the fuel can be detected by Test Method D4046.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
e1
Designation: D 524 – 00
British Standard 4451
Designation: 14/94
Standard Test Method for
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Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 524; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
This test method has been adopted for use by government agencies to replace Method 5002 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 791b.
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e NOTE—Table 1 (aligned) and Figure 4 (Note 1) were corrected editorially in October 2001.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount
of carbon residue (Note 1) left after evaporation and pyrolysis
2. Referenced Documents
of an oil, and is intended to provide some indication of relative
2.1 ASTM Standards:
coke-forming propensity. This test method is generally appli-
D 189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of
cable to relatively nonvolatile petroleum products which par-
2
Petroleum Products
tially decompose on distillation at atmospheric pressure. Pe-
2
D 482 Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
troleum products containing ash-forming contituents as
D 4046 Test Method for Alkyl Nitrate in Diesel Fuels by
determined by Test Method D 482, will have an erroneously
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Spectrophotometry
high carbon residue, depending upon the amount of ash formed
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
(Note 2 and Note 3).
3
Petroleum Products
NOTE 1—The term carbon residue is used throughout this test method
D 4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
to designate the carbonaceous residue formed during evaporation and 3
Products, and Lubricants
pyrolysis of a petroleum product. The residue is not composed entirely of
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
carbon, but is a coke which can be further changed by pyrolysis. The term
3
Petroleum Products
carbon residue is continued in this test method only in deference to its
D 4530 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue
wide common usage.
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NOTE 2—Values obtained by this test method are not numerically the (Micro Method)
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same as those obtained by Test Method D 189, or Test Method D 4530.
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
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Approximate correlations have been derived (see Fig. X2.1) but need not
E 133 Specification for Distillation Equipment
apply to all materials which can be tested because the carbon residue test
is applicable to a wide variety of petroleum products. The Ramsbottom
3. Terminology
Carbon Residue test method is limited to those samples that are mobile
3.1 Definitions:
below 90°C.
3.1.1 carbon residue, n—the residue formed by evaporation
NOTE 3—In diesel fuel, the presence of alkyl nitrates such as amyl
nitrate, hexyl nitrate, or octyl nitrate, causes a higher carbon residue value
and thermal degradation of a carbon containing material.
than observed in untreated fuel, which can lead to erroneous conclusions
D 4175
as to the coke-forming propensity of the fuel. The presence of alkyl nitrate
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The residue is not composed entirely
in the fuel can be detected by Test Method D 4046.
of carbon but is a coke that can be further changed by carbon
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
pyrolysis. The term carbon residue is retained in deference to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
its wide common usage.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The sample, after being weighed into a special glass
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on bulb having a capillary opening, is placed in a metal furnace
Petroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06on Analysis of Lubricants.
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Current edition approved Apr. 10, 2000. Published June 2000. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
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published as D 524 – 39 T. Last previous edition D 524 – 97. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
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In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
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Committee. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
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