ASTM E2669-11

Standard Digital Reference Images for Titanium Castings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These digital reference images are intended for reference only, but are designed such that acceptance standards, which may be developed for particular requirements, can be specified in terms of these digital reference images. The illustrations are digital images of castings that were produced under conditions designed to develop the discontinuities.
Applicability of Thickness Designations:
Clustered holes, scattered gas holes, scattered shrinkage cavity, centerline shrinkage
(1) The images of the ¼-in. (6.4-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 3/8-in. (9.5-mm). The images of the ½ -in. (12.7-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range of over 3/8-in. (9.5-mm), up to and including 5/8-in. (15.9-mm). The images of the ¾-in. (19.1-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range of over 5/8-in. (15.9-mm), up to and including 1-in. (25.4-mm).
Shrinkage Cavity:
(1) The images of the ½-in. (12.7-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 5/8-in. (15.9-mm). The images of the ¾ -in. (19.1-mm) castings are intended to be used in the thickness range over 5/8-in. (15.9-mm) to 1-in. (25.4-mm).
Gas hole; foreign material, less dense; foreign material, more dense
(1) The images are intended to be used in the thickness range up to and including 1-in. (25.4-mm).
Image Deterioration—Many conditions can affect the appearance and functionality of digital reference images. For example, electrical interference, hardware incompatibilities, and corrupted files and drivers may affect their appearance. The Practice E2002 line pair gauges located in each digital reference image can be used as an aid to detect image deterioration by comparing the measured resolution using the gauges to the resolution stated on the digital reference image. Do not use the digital reference images if their appearance has been adversely affected such that the interpretation and use of t...
SCOPE
1.1 The digital reference images provided in the adjunct to this standard illustrate various types and degrees of discontinuities occurring in titanium castings. Use of this standard for the specification or grading of castings requires procurement of the adjunct digital reference images, which illustrate the discontinuity types and severity levels. They are intended to provide the following:
1.1.1 A guide enabling recognition of titanium casting discontinuities and their differentiation both as to type and degree through digital radiographic examination.
1.1.2 Example digital radiographic illustrations of discontinuities and a nomenclature for reference in acceptance standards, specifications and drawings.
1.2 The digital reference images consist of seventeen digital files each illustrating eight grades of increasing severity. The files illustrate seven common discontinuity types representing casting sections up to 1-in. (25.4-mm).
1.3 The reference radiographs were developed for casting sections up to 1 in. (25.4 mm) in thickness.
1.4 All areas of this standard may be open to agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. These items should be addressed in the purchase order or the contract.
Note 1—Each of the digital reference images contain an image of a step wedge and two duplex-wire gauges. Refer to Practice E2002 for wire pair details.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 These digital reference images are not intended to illustrate the types or degrees of discontinuities when performing film radiography. If performing film radiography of titanium castings, refer to Reference Radiographs E1320.
1.7 This standard does no...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2011
• ICS: 35.140 - Computer graphics
• ICS: 49.035 - Components for aerospace construction
• Technical Committee: E07 - Nondestructive Testing
• Drafting Committee: E07.02 - Reference Radiological Images

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E2669-10 - Standard Digital Reference Images for Titanium Castings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Referred By: ASTM F2895-20 - Standard Practice for Digital Radiography of Cast Metallic Implants
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Referred By: ASTM F629-20 - Standard Practice for Radiography of Cast Metallic Surgical Implants
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2736-17(2022) - Standard Guide for Digital Detector Array Radiography
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2007-10(2023) - Standard Guide for Computed Radiography
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2669 − 11
StandardDigital Reference Images for
1
Titanium Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2669; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.6 These digital reference images are not intended to
illustrate the types or degrees of discontinuities when perform-
1.1 The digital reference images provided in the adjunct to
ing film radiography. If performing film radiography of tita-
this standard illustrate various types and degrees of disconti-
2 nium castings, refer to Reference Radiographs E1320.
nuities occurring in titanium castings. Use of this standard for
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
thespecificationorgradingofcastingsrequiresprocurementof
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the adjunct digital reference images, which illustrate the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
discontinuity types and severity levels. They are intended to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
provide the following:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1.1 A guide enabling recognition of titanium casting
1.8 Onlylicensedcopiesofthesoftwareandimagesshallbe
discontinuities and their differentiation both as to type and
utilized for production inspection. A copy of the ASTM/User
degree through digital radiographic examination.
license agreement shall be kept on file for audit purposes.
1.1.2 Example digital radiographic illustrations of disconti-
nuities and a nomenclature for reference in acceptance
2. Referenced Documents
standards, specifications and drawings.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 The digital reference images consist of seventeen digital
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
files each illustrating eight grades of increasing severity. The
E1025 Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material
files illustrate seven common discontinuity types representing
Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality In-
casting sections up to 1-in. (25.4-mm).
dicators (IQI) Used for Radiology
1.3 The reference radiographs were developed for casting
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
sections up to 1 in. (25.4 mm) in thickness.
E1320 Reference Radiographs for Titanium Castings
1.4 All areas of this standard may be open to agreement E2002 Practice for DeterminingTotal Image Unsharpness in
between the cognizant engineering organization and the Radiology
supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering
E2597 Practice for Manufacturing Characterization of Digi-
organization. These items should be addressed in the purchase tal Detector Arrays
4
order or the contract.
2.2 SMPTE Practice:
RP133
NOTE 1—The digital reference images are available from ASTM
International Headquarters. Order number RRE2669. Each of the digital 2.3 ASTM Adjuncts:
reference images contain an image of a step wedge and two duplex-wire
Digital Reference Images of Investment Steel Castings for
gauges. Refer to Practice E2002 for wire pair details. 5
Aerospace Applications
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3. Terminology
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms used in this standard
and are not considered standard.
may be found in Terminology E1316.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
This standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.02 on
3
Reference Radiological Images. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2669 - 10. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI:10.1520/E2669-11. the ASTM website.
2 4
The digital reference images are considered to be applicable to all titanium Available from Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, 3 Barker
castings, requiring close tolerances. Castings for which these images are applicable Avenue, White Plains, NY 10601; or www.smpte.org/smpte_store/
5
generally include those made by the lost wax, frozen mercury, ceramicast or shell Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.
mold processes. RRE2669.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © AST
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2669–10 Designation:E2669–11
Standard Digital Reference Images for
1
Titanium Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2669; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 The digital reference images provided in the adjunct to this standard illustrate various types and degrees of discontinuities
2
occurring in titanium castings. Use of this standard for the specification or grading of castings requires procurement of the adjunct
digital reference images, which illustrate the discontinuity types and severity levels. They are intended to provide the following:
1.1.1 Aguideenablingrecognitionoftitaniumcastingdiscontinuitiesandtheirdifferentiationbothastotypeanddegreethrough
digital radiographic examination.
1.1.2 Example digital radiographic illustrations of discontinuities and a nomenclature for reference in acceptance standards,
specifications and drawings.
1.2 The digital reference images consist of seventeen digital files each illustrating eight grades of increasing severity. The files
illustrate seven common discontinuity types representing casting sections up to 1-in. (25.4-mm).
1.3 The reference radiographs were developed for casting sections up to 1 in. (25.4 mm) in thickness.
1.4 All areas of this standard may be open to agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or
specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. These items should be addressed in the purchase order or the
contract.
NOTE1—Eachofthedigitalreferenceimagescontainanimageofastepwedgeandtwoduplex-wiregauges.RefertoPractice 1—Thedigitalreference
images are available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order number RRE2669. Each of the digital reference images contain an image of a step
wedge and two duplex-wire gauges. Refer to Practice E2002 for wire pair details.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 These digital reference images are not intended to illustrate the types or degrees of discontinuities when performing film
radiography. If performing film radiography of titanium castings, refer to Reference Radiographs E1320.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.8 Only licensed copies of the software and images shall be utilized for production inspection. A copy of the ASTM/User
license agreement shall be kept on file for audit purposes.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
E1025 Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indicators (IQI)
Used for Radiology
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
E1320 Reference Radiographs for Titanium Castings
E2002 Practice for Determining Total Image Unsharpness in Radiology
E2597 Practice for Manufacturing Characterization of Digital Detector Arrays
1
This standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.02 on Reference
Radiological Images.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010. Published February 2010.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published December 2011. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2669 - 10.
DOI:10.1520/E2669-11.
2
The digital reference images are considered to be applicable to all titanium castings, requiring close tolerances. Castings for which these images are applicable generally
include those made by the lost wax, frozen mercury, ceramicast or shell mold processes.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohoc
...