ASTM A485-00

Standard Specification for High Hardenability Antifriction Bearing Steel

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high hardenability modifications of high-carbon bearing quality steel to be used in the manufacture of antifriction bearings.  
1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-2000
• ICS: 77.140.20 - Stainless steels
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.28 - Bearing and Power Transmission Steels

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM A485-03 - Standard Specification for High Hardenability Antifriction Bearing Steel
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: A 485 – 00
Standard Specification for
High Hardenability Antifriction Bearing Steel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 485; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope ISO 683 Part 17: Ball and Roller Bearing Steels
1.1 This specification covers high hardenability modifica-
3. Ordering Information
tions of high-carbon bearing quality steel to be used in the
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
manufacture of antifriction bearings.
include the following information:
1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.
3.1.2 Grade identification,
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.3 ASTM designation and year of issue,
as the standard.
3.1.4 Dimensions,
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.5 Supplementary requirements, if included.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Process
A 29/A 29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and
4.1 The steel shall be made by a process that is capable of
Alloy, Hot-Wrought and Cold-Finished, General Require-
2 providing a high quality product meeting the requirements of
ments for
this specification.
A 255 Test Method of End-Quench Test for Hardenability
of Steel
5. Chemical Composition and Analysis
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
3 5.1 Typical examples of chemical compositions are shown
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
in Table 1. Other compositions may be specified.
E 45 Test Methods For Determining the Inclusion Content
4 5.2 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the
of Steel
steel manufacturer in accordance with Test Methods, Practices,
E 381 Method of Macroetch Testing, Inspection, and Rating
and Terminology A 751. The chemical composition thus deter-
Steel Products, Comprising Bars, Billets, Blooms, and
4 mined shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1
Forgings
for the ordered grade or to other requirements agreed upon
E 1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,
between manufacturer and purchaser.
Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel and in Iron, Nickel, and
5 5.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser in
Cobalt Alloys
accordance with Test Methods, Practice, and Terminology
E 1077 Test Method for Estimating the Depth of Decarbur-
4 A 751. Permissible variations in product analysis shall be in
ization of Steel Specimens
accordance with Specification A 29/A 29M.
2.2 Other Standards:
SAE J148a Grain Size Determination of Steel
6. Sizes, Shapes, and Dimensional Tolerances
6.1 The physical size and shape of the material shall be
agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys , and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6.2 Dimensional tolerances for hot-rolled or hot-rolled and
A01.28 on Bearing Steels.
annealed bars, in straight lengths or coils, and cold-finished
Current edition approved May 10, 2000. Published August 2000. Originally
bars furnished under this specification shall conform to the
published as A 485–63. Last previous edition A 485–94.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05. requirements specified in the latest edition of Specification
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
A 29/A 29M.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 485–00
A,B
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition
C D
Number Name C Mn P (max) S (max) Si Cr Ni (max) Ti Cu Mo O (max) Al (max)
1 Grade 1 0.90–1.05 0.90–1.20 0.025 0.015 0.45–0.75 0.90–1.20 0.25 0.0050 0.30 0.10 (max) 0.0015 0.050
2 Grade 2 0.85–1.00 1.40–1.70 0.025 0.015 0.50–0.80 1.40–1.80 0.25 0.0050 0.30 0.10 (max) 0.0015 0.050
3 Grade 3 0.95–1.10 0.65–0.90 0.025 0.015 0.15–0.35 1.10–1.50 0.25 0.0050 0.30 0.20–0.30 0.0015 0.050
4 Grade 4 0.95–1.10 1.05–1.35 0.025 0.015 0.15–0.35 1.10–1.50 0.25 0.0050 0.30 0.45–0.60 0.0015 0.050
E
B2 100CrMnSi4–4 0.93–1.05 0.90–1.20 0.025 0.015 0.45–0.75 0.90–1.20 . . . 0.30 0.10 (max) 0.0015 0.050
E
B3 100CrMnSi6–4 0.93–1.05 1.00–1.20 0.025 0.015 0.45–0.75 1.40–1.65 . . . 0.30 0.10 (max) 0.0015 0.050
E
B4 100CrMnSi6–6 0.93–1.05 1.40–1.70 0.025 0.015 0.45–0.75 1.40–1.65 . . . 0.30 0.10 (max) 0.0015 0.050
E
B5 100CrMo7 0.93–1.05 0.25–0.45 0.025 0.015 0.15–0.35 1.65–1.95 . . . 0.30 0.15–0.30 0.0015 0.050
E
B6 100CrMo7–3 0.93–1.05 0.60–0.80 0.025 0.015 0.15–0.35 1.65–1.95 . . . 0.30 0.20–0.35 0.0015 0.050
E
B7 100CrMo7–4 0.93–1.05 0.60–0.80 0.025 0.015 0.15–0.35 1.65–1.95 . . . 0.30 0.40–0.50 0.0015 0.050
E
B8 100CrMnMoSi8–4–6 0.93–1.05 0.80–1.10 0.025 0.015 0.40–0.60 1.80–2.05 . . . 0.30 0.50–0.60 0.0015 0.050
A
Elements not quoted shall not be intentionally added to the steel without the agreement of the purchaser.
B
Intentional additions of calcium or calcium alloys for deoxidation or inclusion shape control are not permitted unless specifically approved by the purchaser.
C
Steels B2 through B8 meet the requirements of ISO 683, Part 17, Second Edition, Table 3.
D
Oxygen content applies to product analysis and shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods E 1019.
E
A maximum titanium content may be agreed upon at the time of inquiry and order.
7. Quality Tests worst field of each inclusion type from each specimen shall be
recorded as the rating for the specimen. Two thirds of all
7.1 The supplier shall be held responsible for the quality of
specimens and at least one from each ingot tested, or from the
the material furnished and shall make the necessary tests
first, middle and last portion of the strands tested as well as the
detailed below: Quality tests shown in 7.1 through 7.4 are
average of all specimens, shall not exceed the rating specified
based upon procedures established in Practice E 45.
in Table 2.
7.2 Sampling—Samples taken in accordance with the fol-
lowing paragraphs shall be obtained from 4 by 4 in. (102 by
8. Grain Size
102 mm) rolled billets or forged sections. Tests may be made
8.1 The steels covered by this specification shall have the
on smaller or larger sections by agreement with the purchaser.
capability of showing fine fracture grain size (approximately
A minimum of 3 to 1 reduction of rolled billets or forged
ASTM No. 8) (SAE J418a) when quenched from normal
sections is required for strand cast products.
austenizing temperatures not exceeding 1550°F (843°C).
7.2.1 For top poured products, a minimum of six samples
representing the top and bottom of the first, middle and last
9. Hardenability
usable ingots shall be examined.
9.1 Each heat shall be tested for hardenability. Normalizing
7.2.2 For bottom poured products, a minimum of six
followed by spheroidize annealing shall precede heating for
samples shall be taken from semi-finished or finished product
end quenching. In heating for end quenching, the test speci-
representing the top and bottom of three ingots. One ingot shall
mens shall be held for a minimum of 30 min at 1500 6 8°F
be taken at random from the first usable plate poured, one ingot
(815 6 4.5°C). End-quench procedure shall be in accordance
at random from the usable plate poured nearest to the middle of
with Test Method A 255. The “J” values for hardenability as
the heat, a
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