ASTM D4055-02

Standard Test Method for Pentane Insolubles by Membrane Filtration

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of pentane insolubles for particles exceeding 0.8 μm in new and used lubricating oils.
Note 1—Pentane insolubles with particle sizes less than 0.8 μm may be studied with appropriate size membrane filters. Particle sizes above or below 0.8 μm can be studied. The precision of this test method has been determined only at 0.8 μm.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see 7.1, 8.2.1, and Annex A1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2002
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.06.0B - Physical Testing

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4055-01 - Standard Test Method for Pentane Insolubles by Membrane Filtration
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D4055-04 - Standard Test Method for Pentane Insolubles by Membrane Filtration
• Effective Date: 01-May-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: D 4055 – 02
Standard Test Method for
1
Pentane Insolubles by Membrane Filtration
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4055; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope * 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of pentane 4.1 A sample of new or used lubricating oil is mixed with
insolubles for particles exceeding 0.8 μm in new and used pentane in a volumetric flask. The oil solution is filtered
lubricating oils. through an 0.8-μm membrane filter. The flask, funnel, and filter
are washed with additional pentane to effect a complete
NOTE 1—Pentane insolubles with particle sizes less than 0.8-μm may be
transfer of particulates onto the filter. The filter and its
studied with appropriate size membrane filters. Particle sizes above or
particulates are dried and weighed to give the pentane in-
below 0.8 μm can be studied. The precision of this test method has been
solubles.
determined only at 0.8 μm.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
5. Significance and Use
standard.
5.1 Pentane insolubles above 0.8 μm in size may lead to
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
increased wear. This increased wear can lead to premature
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
equipment failure in critical applications.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6. Apparatus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards
6.1 In the development of this test method, it was noted that
statements, see 7.1, 8.2.1, and Annex A1.
variations, particularly with respect to glassware and filter
media, can affect the test result significantly.
2. Referenced Documents
6.2 When the user of this test method uses an alternate
2.1 ASTM Standards:
membrane filter, it is incumbent upon them to establish that the
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
2 alternate filter will give equal results.
Petroleum Products
6.3 Precision data were established using the apparatus
D 4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
listed and a 0.8 μm filter pore size.
2
Products, and Lubricants
3
6.4 Membrane Filter.
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
4
6.5 Borosilicate Filter Holder.
2
Petroleum Products
5
6.6 Borosilicate Filtering Flask.
6
6.7 Forceps (plain flat tips–not serrated),
3. Terminology
7
6.8 Wash Bottle equipped with 0.8-μm membranes.
3.1 Definitions:
6.9 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing with an accu-
3.1.1 pentane insolubles, in used oil analysis, n—separated
racy of 60.1 mg.
matter resulting when a used oil is dissolved in pentane.
6.10 Vacuum Source, capable of maintaining a vacuum of
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this method, the separation is ef-
255 6 50 mm Hg.
fected by filtration through a membrane.
6.11 Oven, capable of maintaining 90 6 5°C.
3.1.2 used oil, n—any oil that has been in a piece of
equipment (for example, an engine, gearbox, transformer, or
turbine) whether operated or not. D 4175
3
Millipore AAWP04700, available from Millipore Corp, Bedford MA, 01273,
has been found to be satisfactory; also an equivalent may be used.
4
Millipore XX1004700, available from Millipore Corp, Bedford MA, 01273,
has been found to be satisfactory; also an equivalent may be used.
1 5
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Millipore XX1004705, available from Millipore Corp, Bedford MA, 01273,
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee has been found to be satisfactory; also an equivalent may be used.
6
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants. Millipore XX6200006, available from Millipore Corp, Bedford MA, 01273,
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002. Published March 2003. Originally has been found to be satisfactory; also an equivalent may be used.
7
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 4055–01. Millipore XX6602500, available from Millipore Corp, Bedford MA, 01273,
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02. has been found to be satisfactory; also an equivalent may be used.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4055–02
6.12 Oven Thermometer—ASTM Thermometer 1C. 8.3.1 Remove the membrane filter from the weighing dish
6.13 Aluminum Foil Weighing Dish, about 60 mm in diam- with
...