ASTM E2278-04

Standard Guide for Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) for Surface Mine Reclamation: Revegetation and Mitigation of Acid Mine Drainage (Withdrawn 2013)

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the beneficial use of coal combustion products (CCPs) for abatement of acid mine drainage and revegetation for surface mine reclamation applications related to area mining, contour mining, and mountaintop removal mining. It does not apply to underground mine reclamation applications. There are many important differences in physical and chemical characteristics that exist among the various types of CCPs available for use in mine reclamation. CCPs proposed for each project must be investigated thoroughly to design CCP placement activities to meet the project objectives. This guide provides procedures for consideration of engineering, economic, and environmental factors in the development of such applications.
1.2 The utilization of CCPs under this guide is a component of a pollution prevention program; Guide E 1609 describes pollution prevention activities in more detail. Utilization of CCPs in this manner conserves land, natural resources, and energy.
1.3 This guide applies to CCPs produced primarily from the combustion of coal.
1.4 The testing, engineering, and construction practices for using CCPs in mine reclamation are similar to generally accepted practices for using other materials, including cement and soils, in mine reclamation.
1.5 Regulations governing the use of CCPs vary by state. The user of this guide has the responsibility to determine and comply with applicable regulations.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This guide covers the beneficial use of coal combustion products (CCPs) for abatement of acid mine drainage and revegetation for surface mine reclamation applications related to area mining, contour mining, and mountaintop removal mining. It does not apply to underground mine reclamation applications. There are many important differences in physical and chemical characteristics that exist among the various types of CCPs available for use in mine reclamation. CCPs proposed for each project must be investigated thoroughly to design CCP placement activities to meet the project objectives. This guide provides procedures for consideration of engineering, economic, and environmental factors in the development of such applications.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E50 on Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action, this guide was withdrawn in June 2013 in accordance with section 10.6.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2004
• Withdrawal Date: 31-Jul-2013
• ICS: 13.030.99 - Other standards related to wastes
• ICS: 73.020 - Mining and quarrying
• Technical Committee: E50 - Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action
• Drafting Committee: E50.03 - Beneficial Use

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM E2278-13 - Standard Guide for Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) for Surface Mine Reclamation: Revegetation and Mitigation of Acid Mine Drainage
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E3355-23 - Standard Guide for Characterization of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) in Storage Area(s) for Beneficial Use
• Effective Date: 01-May-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2278 − 04
StandardGuide for
Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) for Surface Mine
Reclamation: Revegetation and Mitigation of Acid Mine
1
Drainage
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2278; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 This guide covers the beneficial use of coal combustion
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
products (CCPs) for abatement of acid mine drainage and
revegetation for surface mine reclamation applications related
2. Referenced Documents
to area mining, contour mining, and mountaintop removal
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mining. It does not apply to underground mine reclamation
C188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement
applications. There are many important differences in physical
C311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or
and chemical characteristics that exist among the various types
Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete
of CCPs available for use in mine reclamation. CCPs proposed
C400 Test Methods for Quicklime and Hydrated Lime for
foreachprojectmustbeinvestigatedthoroughlytodesignCCP
Neutralization of Waste Acid
placement activities to meet the project objectives. This guide
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
provides procedures for consideration of engineering,
D420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering Design
economic, and environmental factors in the development of
3
and Construction Purposes (Withdrawn 2011)
such applications.
D422 Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils
1.2 The utilization of CCPs under this guide is a component
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
of a pollution prevention program; Guide E1609 describes
Fluids
pollution prevention activities in more detail. Utilization of
D698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-
CCPs in this manner conserves land, natural resources, and 3
istics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft (600
energy. 3
kN-m/m ))
1.3 This guide applies to CCPs produced primarily from the
D854 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by
combustion of coal.
Water Pycnometer
D1195 Test Method for Repetitive Static Plate Load Tests of
1.4 The testing, engineering, and construction practices for
Soils and Flexible Pavement Components, for Use in
using CCPs in mine reclamation are similar to generally
Evaluation and Design of Airport and Highway Pave-
accepted practices for using other materials, including cement
ments
and soils, in mine reclamation.
D1452 Practice for Soil Exploration and Sampling byAuger
1.5 Regulations governing the use of CCPs vary by state.
Borings
The user of this guide has the responsibility to determine and
D1557 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-
comply with applicable regulations. 3
istics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft
3
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded (2,700 kN-m/m ))
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for D1586 Test Method for Penetration Test (SPT) and Split-
information only. Barrel Sampling of Soils
D1883 Test Method for CBR (California Bearing Ratio) of
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Laboratory-Compacted Soils
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE50onEnvironmental contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Assessment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E50.03 on Pollution Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Prevention, Reuse, Recycling, and Environmental Efficiency. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. DOI: 10.1520/ The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
E2278-04. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E2278 − 04
D2166 Test Method for Unconfined Compressive Strength water, or weathering processes, will produce acids that may
of Cohesive Soil result in acid drainage.
D2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water
3.2.2 basicity factor—a measure of alkalinity which can be
(Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
used for comparing relative neutralization power of mat
...