ASTM C1383-04

Standard Test Method for Measuring the P-Wave Speed and the Thickness of Concrete Plates Using the Impact-Echo Method

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the thickness of concrete slabs, pavements, bridge decks, walls, or other plate-like structure using the impact-echo method.
1.2 The following two procedures are covered in this test method:
1.2.1 Procedure A: P-Wave Speed MeasurementThis procedure measures the time it takes for the P-wave generated by a short-duration, point impact to travel between two transducers positioned a known distance apart along the surface of a structure. The P-wave speed is calculated by dividing the distance between the two transducers by the travel time.
1.2.2 Procedure B: Impact-Echo TestThis procedure measures the frequency at which the P-wave generated by a short-duration, point impact is reflected between the parallel (opposite) surfaces of a plate. The thickness is calculated from this measured frequency and the P-wave speed obtained from Procedure A.
1.2.3 Unless specified otherwise, both Procedure A and Procedure B must be performed at each point where a thickness determination is made.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2004
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.64 - Nondestructive and In-Place Testing

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1383-98a - Standard Test Method for Measuring the P-Wave Speed and the Thickness of Concrete Plates Using the Impact-Echo Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM C1383-04(2010) - Standard Test Method for Measuring the P-Wave Speed and the Thickness of Concrete Plates Using the Impact-Echo Method
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C1740-16 - Standard Practice for Evaluating the Condition of Concrete Plates Using the Impulse-Response Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1383 – 04
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the P-Wave Speed and the Thickness of
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Concrete Plates Using the Impact-Echo Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1383; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the 2.1 ASTM Standards:
thickness of concrete slabs, pavements, bridge decks, walls, or C597 Test Method for Pulse Velocity Through Concrete
other plate-like structure using the impact-echo method. E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
1.2 The following two procedures are covered in this test
3. Terminology
method:
3.1 Definitions:
1.2.1 Procedure A: P-Wave Speed Measurement—This pro-
cedure measures the time it takes for the P-wave generated by 3.1.1 acoustic impedance—the product of P-wave speed
and density that is used in computations of characteristics of
a short-duration, point impact to travel between two transduc-
ers positioned a known distance apart along the surface of a stress wave reflection at boundaries.
3.1.2 amplitude spectrum—a plot of relative amplitude
structure. The P-wave speed is calculated by dividing the
distance between the two transducers by the travel time. versus frequency that is obtained from the waveform using a
Fourier transform technique.
1.2.2 Procedure B: Impact-Echo Test—Thisproceduremea-
sures the frequency at which the P-wave generated by a 3.1.3 Fourier transform—a numerical technique used to
convert digital waveforms from the time domain to the
short-duration, point impact is reflected between the parallel
(opposite) surfaces of a plate. The thickness is calculated from frequency domain.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The peaks in the amplitude spectrum
this measured frequency and the P-wave speed obtained from
Procedure A. correspond to the dominant frequencies in the waveform.
3.1.4 impact-echo method—a send-receive nondestructive
1.2.3 Unless specified otherwise, both Procedure A and
test method based on the use of a short-duration mechanical
ProcedureBmustbeperformedateachpointwhereathickness
determination is made. impact to generate transient stress waves and the use of a
broadband receiving transducer placed adjacent to the impact
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. point.
3.1.4.1 Discussion—Waveforms are converted to the fre-
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes quency domain and the resulting amplitude spectra are ana-
lyzed to obtain the dominant frequencies in the structure’s
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
as requirements of the standard. response to the impact. These frequencies are used to deter-
mine the thickness of the structure or the presence of flaws.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.1.5 impact duration—the time that the impactor used to
generate stress waves is in contact with the test surface. Also
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- referred to as contact time.
3.1.5.1 Discussion—The impact duration is a critical aspect
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
in the success of the two procedures covered by this method.
Recommended impact durations are given. In practice, the
impact duration will depend on the type of impactor and the
condition of the concrete at the point of impact. Smooth, hard
surfaces will result in shorter impact durations than rough, soft
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
C09.64 on Nondestructive and In-Place Testing. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2004.PublishedJuly2004.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as C1383–98a. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
C1383-04. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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C1383 – 04
surfaces. The user should verify that the impact durations are 3.2 Definitions of Te
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