ASTM D1475-13(2020)

Standard Test Method for Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Density is weight per unit volume. It is a key property in the identification, characterization, and quality control of a wide range of materials. Density measurements in terms of weight per gallon are commonly used to check paint quality. If the density is not within specification, there is a good chance that there was a mischarge or other serious problem.  
5.2 This test method is suitable for the determination of density of paint and related products and components when in liquid form. It is particularly applicable when the fluid has too high a viscosity or when a component is too volatile for a density balance determination.  
5.3 This test method provides for the maximum accuracy required for hiding power determinations. It is equally suitable for work in which less accuracy is required, by ignoring the directions for recalibration and consideration of temperature differentials, and using as the container a “weight-per-gallon” cup.  
5.4 Automatic equipment for measuring density is available (see Test Method D4052) from several manufacturers. Such apparatus has been used for resins and latices as well as for oils and solvents. Before such equipment is used for a given product, results must be checked very carefully. Particularly with paints, inks, and resins, there are possibilities of gumming, fouling, and other interferences with operation.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of density of paints, inks, varnishes, lacquers, and components thereof, other than pigments, when in fluid form.  
1.2 For higher precision when working with nonpigmented materials (drying oils, varnishes, resins and related materials), Test Method D1963 can be used to determine specific gravity and, thence, density.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The values for density are to be stated in inch-pound units.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precaution statement is given in 8.1.1.1.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2020
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.24 - Physical Properties of Liquid Paints & Paint Materials

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1475 − 13 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for
1
Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1475; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Varnishes, Resins, and Related Materials at 25/25°C
3
(Withdrawn 2004)
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of density of
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
paints,inks,varnishes,lacquers,andcomponentsthereof,other
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
than pigments, when in fluid form.
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
1.2 For higher precision when working with nonpigmented Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
3
materials (drying oils, varnishes, resins and related materials),
cialty Chemicals (Withdrawn 2009)
Test Method D1963 can be used to determine specific gravity E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
and, thence, density.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3. Terminology
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1 Definitions:
only.
3.1.1 density, n—the mass of a unit volume of a material at
1.3.1 Exception—The values for density are to be stated in
a specified temperature. In this method, it is expressed as the
inch-pound units.
weight in grams per millilitre, or as the weight in pounds
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
avoirdupois of one U. S. gallon, of the liquid at the specified
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
temperature; in the absence of other temperature specification,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
25°C is assumed.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1.2 specific gravity (relative density), n—the ratio of the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A
mass of a unit volume of a material at a stated temperature to
specific precaution statement is given in 8.1.1.1.
the mass of the same volume of distilled water at the same
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
temperature.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4. Summary of Test Method
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1 Theaccuratelyknownabsolutedensityofdistilledwater
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
at various temperatures (Table 1) is used to calibrate the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
volume of a container. The weight of the paint liquid contents
of the same container at the standard temperature (25°C) or at
2. Referenced Documents
an agreed-upon temperature is then determined and density of
2
the contents calculated in terms of grams per millilitre, or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
pounds per gallon at the specified temperature.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1963 Test Method for Specific Gravity of Drying Oils,
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Densityisweightperunitvolume.Itisakeypropertyin
the identification, characterization, and quality control of a
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
wide range of materials. Density measurements in terms of
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.24 on Physical Properties of Liquid Paints & Paint Materials.
weight per gallon are commonly used to check paint quality. If
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2020. Published December 2020. Originally
the density is not within specification, there is a good chance
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D1475 – 13. DOI:
that there was a mischarge or other serious problem.
10.1520/D1475-13R20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1475 − 13 (2020)
TAB
...