ASTM D75-97
(Practice)Standard Practice for Sampling Aggregates
Standard Practice for Sampling Aggregates
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers sampling of coarse and fine aggregates for the following purposes:
1.1.1 Preliminary investigation of the potential source of supply,
1.1.2 Control of the product at the source of supply,
1.1.3 Control of the operations at the site of use, and
1.1.4 Acceptance or rejection of the materials. Note 1-Sampling plans and acceptance and control tests vary with the type of construction in which the material is used. Attention is directed to Practices E105 and D3665.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. >
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 75 – 97 American Association State
Highway and Transportation
Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T2
Standard Practice for
Sampling Aggregates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 75; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope * show the nature and condition of the materials which they
represent.
1.1 This practice covers sampling of coarse and fine aggre-
3.2 Samples for preliminary investigation tests are obtained
gates for the following purposes:
by the party responsible for development of the potential
1.1.1 Preliminary investigation of the potential source of
source (Note 2). Samples of materials for control of the
supply,
production at the source or control of the work at the site of use
1.1.2 Control of the product at the source of supply,
are obtained by the manufacturer, contractor, or other parties
1.1.3 Control of the operations at the site of use, and
responsible for accomplishing the work. Samples for tests to be
1.1.4 Acceptance or rejection of the materials.
used in acceptance or rejection decisions by the purchaser are
NOTE 1—Sampling plans and acceptance and control tests vary with the
obtained by the purchaser or his authorized representative.
type of construction in which the material is used. Attention is directed to
Practices E 105 and D 3665. NOTE 2—The preliminary investigation and sampling of potential
aggregate sources and types occupies a very important place in determin-
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ing the availability and suitability of the largest single constituent entering
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
into the construction. It influences the type of construction from the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
standpoint of economics and governs the necessary material control to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ensure durability of the resulting structure, from the aggregate standpoint.
This investigation should be done only by a responsible trained and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
experienced person. For more comprehensive guidance, see the Appendix.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Securing Samples
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 General—Where practicable, samples to be tested for
C 702 Practice for Reducing Field Samples of Aggregate to
quality shall be obtained from the finished product. Samples
Testing Size
from the finished product to be tested for abrasion loss shall not
D 2234 Test Method for Collection of a Gross Sample of
be subject to further crushing or manual reduction in particle
Coal
size in preparation for the abrasion test unless the size of the
D 3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction
finished product is such that it requires further reduction for
Materials
testing purposes.
E 105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
4.2 Inspection—The material shall be inspected to deter-
E 122 Practice for Choice of Sample Size to Estimate the
mine discernible variations. The seller shall provide suitable
Average Quality of a Lot or Process
equipment needed for proper inspection and sampling.
E 141 Practice for Acceptance of Evidence Based on the
4.3 Procedure:
Results of Probability Sampling
4.3.1 Sampling from a Flowing Aggregate Stream (Bins or
3. Significance and Use
Belt Discharge)—Select units to be sampled by a random
method, such as Practice D 3665, from the production. Obtain
3.1 Sampling is equally as important as the testing, and the
at least three approximately equal increments, selected at
sampler shall use every precaution to obtain samples that will
random from the unit being sampled, and combine to form a
field sample whose mass equals or exceeds the minimum
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-4 on Road and
recommended in 4.4.2. Take each increment from the entire
Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.30 on
Methods of Sampling.
cross section of the material as it is being discharged. It is
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1997. Published April 1998. Originally
usually necessary to have a special device constructed for use
e1
published as D 75 – 20 T. Last previous edition D 75 – 87 (1992) .
2 at each particular plant. This device consists of a pan of
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
sufficient size to intercept the entire cross section of the
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.05.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
discharge stream and hold the required quantity of material
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D75
without overflowing. A set of rails may be necessary to support of, and variation in, the properties to be measured. Designate
the pan as it is passed under the discharge stream. Insofar as is each unit from which a field sample is to be obtained prior to
possible, keep bins continuously full or nearly full to reduce sampling. The number of field samples from the production
segregation. should be sufficient to give the desired confidence in test
results.
NOTE 3—Sampling the initial discharge or the final few tons from a bin
or conveyor belt increases the chances of obtaining segregated material
NOTE 4—Guidance for determining the number of samples required to
and should be avoided.
obtain the desired level of confidence in test results may be found in Test
Method D 2234, Practice E 105, Practice E 122, and Practice E 141.
4.3.2 Sampling from the Conveyor Belt—Select units to be
sampled by a random method, such as Practice D 3665, from 4.4.2 The field sample masses cited are tentative. The
the production. Obtain at least three approximately equal masses must be predicated on the type and number of tests to
increments, selected at random, from the unit being sampled which the material is to be subjected and sufficient material
and combine to form a field sample whose mass equals or obtained to provide for the proper execution of these tests.
exceeds the minimum recommended in 4.4.2. Stop the con- Standard acceptance and control tests are covered by ASTM
veyor belt while the sample increments are being obtained. standards and specify the portion of the field sample required
Insert two templates, the shape of which conforms to the shape for each specific test. Generally speaking, the amounts speci-
of the belt in the aggregate stream on the belt, and space them fied in Table 1 will provide adequate material for routine
such that the material contained between them will yield an grading and quality analysis. Extract test portions from the
increment of the required weight. Carefully scoop all material field sample according to Practice C 702 or as required by
between the templates into a suitable container and collect the other applicable test methods.
fines on the belt with a brush and dust pan and add to the
5. Shipping Samples
container.
4.3.3 Sampling from Stockpiles or Transportation Units— 5.1 Transport aggregates in bags or other containers so
Avoid sampling coarse aggregate or mixed coarse and fine constructed as to preclude loss or contamination of any part of
aggregate from stockpiles or transportation units whenever the sample, or damage to the contents from mishandling during
possible, particularly when the sampling is done for the shipment.
purpose of determining aggregate properties that may be 5.2 Shipping containers for aggregate samples shall have
dependent upon the grading of the sample. If circumstances suitable individual identification attached and enclosed so that
field reporting, laboratory logging, and test reporting may be
make it necessary to obtain samples from a stockpile of coarse
aggregate or a stockpile of combined coarse and fine aggregate, facilitated.
design a sampling plan for the specific case under consider-
6. Keywords
ation. This approach will allow the sampling agency to use a
6.1 aggregates; exploration of potential sources; aggregates;
sampling plan that will give a confidence in results obtained
therefrom that is agreed upon by all parties concerned to be number and sizes needed to estimate character; aggregates;
sampling
acceptable for the particular situation. The sampling plan shall
define the number of samples necessary to represent lots and
sublots of specific sizes. General principles for sampling from TABLE 1 Size of Samples
stockpiles are applicable to sampling from trucks, rail cars,
Approximate Minimum
Maximum Nominal Size
Mass of Field Samples,
barges or other transportation units. For general guidance in A
of Aggregates
B
kg
sampling from stockpiles, see the Appendix.
Fine Aggregate
4.3.4 Sampling from Roadway (Bases and Subbases)—
2.36 mm 10
Sample units selected by a random method, such as Practice
4.75 mm 10
D 3665, from the construction. Obtain at least three approxi-
Coarse Aggregate
mately equal increments, selected at random from the unit
being sampled, and combine to form a field sample whose 9.5 mm 10
12.5 mm 15
mass equals or exceeds the minimum recommended in 4.4.2.
19.0 mm 25
Take all increments from the roadway for the full depth of the
25.0 mm 50
37.5 mm 75
material, taking care to exclude any underlying material.
50 mm 100
Clearly mark the specific areas from which each increment is
63 mm 125
to be removed: a metal template placed over the area is a
75 mm 150
90 mm 175
definite aid in securing approximately equal increment
A
weights. For processed aggregate the nominal maximum size of particles is the largest
sieve size listed in the applicable specification, upon which any material is
4.4 Number and Masses of Field Samples:
permitted to be retained.
4.4.1 The number of field samples (obtained by one of the B
For combined coarse and fine aggregates (for example, base or subbase)
methods described in 4.3) required depends on the criticality minimum weight shall be coarse aggregate minimum plus 10 kg.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM In
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.