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ASTM D6671/D6671M-06

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Mixed Mode I-Mode II Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites

Standard Test Method for Mixed Mode I-Mode II Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites

SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the determination of interlaminar fracture toughness, Gc, of continuous fiber-reinforced composite materials at various Mode I to Mode II loading ratios using the Mixed-Mode Bending (MMB) Test.
1.2 This test method is limited to use with composites consisting of unidirectional carbon fiber tape laminates with brittle and tough single-phase polymer matrices. This test method is further limited to the determination of fracture toughness as it initiates from a delamination insert. This limited scope reflects the experience gained in round robin testing. This test method may prove useful for other types of toughness values and for other classes of composite materials; however, certain interferences have been noted (see Section ). This test method has been successfully used to test the toughness of both glass fiber composites and adhesive joints.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
28-Feb-2006
ICS
19.060 - Mechanical testing
83.120 - Reinforced plastics
Technical Committee
D30 - Composite Materials
Drafting Committee
D30.06 - Interlaminar Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6671/D6671M-04e1 - Standard Test Method for Mixed Mode I-Mode II Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites
Effective Date
01-Mar-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D6671/D6671M-13 - Standard Test Method for Mixed Mode I-Mode II Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites
Effective Date
01-Oct-2013
Referred By
ASTM D4762-18 - Standard Guide for Testing Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
Effective Date
01-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM D6856/D6856M-03(2016) - Standard Guide for Testing Fabric-Reinforced “Textile” Composite Materials
Effective Date
01-Mar-2006

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ASTM D6671/D6671M-06 - Standard Test Method for Mixed Mode I-Mode II Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix CompositesASTM D6671/D6671M-06 - Standard Test Method for Mixed Mode I-Mode II Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites
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ASTM D6671/D6671M-06 - Standard Test Method for Mixed Mode I-Mode II Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6671/D6671M − 06
StandardTest Method for
Mixed Mode I-Mode II Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of
1
Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6671/D6671M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2651GuideforPreparationofMetalSurfacesforAdhesive
Bonding
1.1 This test method describes the determination of inter-
D2734TestMethodsforVoidContentofReinforcedPlastics
laminar fracture toughness, G , of continuous fiber-reinforced
c
D3171Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite
composite materials at various Mode I to Mode II loading
Materials
ratios using the Mixed-Mode Bending (MMB) Test.
D3878Terminology for Composite Materials
1.2 This test method is limited to use with composites
D5229/D5229MTestMethodforMoistureAbsorptionProp-
consisting of unidirectional carbon fiber tape laminates with
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
brittle and tough single-phase polymer matrices. This test
Composite Materials
method is further limited to the determination of fracture
D5528TestMethodforModeIInterlaminarFractureTough-
toughness as it initiates from a delamination insert. This
ness of Unidirectional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix
limited scope reflects the experience gained in round robin
Composites
testing. This test method may prove useful for other types of
E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
toughness values and for other classes of composite materials;
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of MechanicalTesting
however,certaininterferenceshavebeennoted(seeSection6).
E122PracticeforCalculatingSampleSizetoEstimate,With
This test method has been successfully used to test the
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
toughness of both glass fiber composites and adhesive joints.
Lot or Process
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in ASTM Test Methods
E456Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance 3. Terminology
with the standard.
3.1 Terminology D3878 defines terms relating to high-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
modulus fibers and their composites. Terminology D883 de-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
fines terms relating to plastics. Terminology E6 defines terms
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
relating to mechanical testing. Terminology E456 and Practice
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
E177 define terms relating to statistics. In the event of conflict
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
between terms, Terminology D3878 shall have precedence
over the other terminology standards.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.1 crack opening mode (Mode I)—fracture mode in
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
which the delamination faces open away from each other and
no relative crack face sliding occurs.
3.2.2 crackslidingmode(ModeII)—fracturemodeinwhich
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
the delamination faces slide over each other in the direction of
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.06 on
delaminationgrowthandnorelativecrackfaceopeningoccurs.
Interlaminar Properties.
Current edition approved March 1, 2006. Published March 2006. Originally
3.2.3 mixed-mode fracture toughness, G —the critical value
´1
c
approvedin2001.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2004asD6671/D6671M–04
of strain energy release rate, G, for delamination growth in
. DOI: 10.1520/D6671_D6671M-06.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or mixed-mode.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.2.4 mixed-mode ratio, G /G —the ratio of Mode I strain
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on I II
the ASTM website. energy release rate to Mode II strain energy release rate.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6671/D6671M − 06
2
3.2.5 mode mixture, G /G—fraction of Mode II to total G =total mixed-mode fracture t
...

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ASTM D6671/D6671M-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Mixed Mode I-Mode II Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Unidirectional Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites

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5.1 Susceptibility to delamination is one of the major weaknesses of many advanced laminated composite structures. Knowledge of the interlaminar fracture resistance of composites is useful for product development and material selection. Since delaminations can be subjected to and extended by loadings with a wide range of mode mixtures, it is important that the composite toughness be measured at various mode mixtures. The toughness contour, in which fracture toughness is plotted as a function of mode mixtures (see Fig. 3), is useful for establishing failure criterion used in damage tolerance analyses of composite structures made from these materials.
FIG. 3 Mixed-Mode Summary Graph  
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5.2.1 To establish quantitatively the effects of fiber surface treatment, local variations in fiber volume fraction, and processing and environmental variables on Gc of a particular composite material at various mode mixtures,  
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5.2.3 To develop delamination failure criteria for composite damage tolerance and durability analyses.  
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5.3.1 Delamination Initiation—Two values of delamination initiation shall be reported: (1) at the point of deviation from linearity in the load-displacement curve (NL) and (2) at the point at which the compliance has increased by 5 % or the load has reached a maximum value (5%/max) depending on which occurs first along the load deflection curve (see Fig. 4). Each definition of delamination initiation is associated with its own value of Gc and  GII/G calculated from the load at the corresponding critical point. The 5%/Max  Gc value is typically the most reproducible of the three Gc values. The NL value is, however, the more conservative number. When the option of collecting ...
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of interlaminar fracture toughness, Gc, of continuous fiber-reinforced composite materials at various Mode I to Mode II loading ratios using the Mixed-Mode Bending (MMB) Test.  
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ASTM D6671/D6671M-22(Test Method)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Susceptibility to delamination is one of the major weaknesses of many advanced laminated composite structures. Knowledge of the interlaminar fracture resistance of composites is useful for product development and material selection. Since delaminations can be subjected to and extended by loadings with a wide range of mode mixtures, it is important that the composite toughness be measured at various mode mixtures. The toughness contour, in which fracture toughness is plotted as a function of mode mixtures (see Fig. 3), is useful for establishing failure criterion used in damage tolerance analyses of composite structures made from these materials.
FIG. 3 Mixed-Mode Summary Graph  
5.2 This test method can serve the following purposes:  
5.2.1 To establish quantitatively the effects of fiber surface treatment, local variations in fiber volume fraction, and processing and environmental variables on Gc of a particular composite material at various mode mixtures,  
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5.3.1 Delamination Initiation—Two values of delamination initiation shall be reported: (1) at the point of deviation from linearity in the load-displacement curve (NL) and (2) at the point at which the compliance has increased by 5 % or the load has reached a maximum value (5%/max) depending on which occurs first along the load deflection curve (see Fig. 4). Each definition of delamination initiation is associated with its own value of Gc and  GII/G calculated from the load at the corresponding critical point. The 5%/Max  Gc value is typically the most reproducible of the three Gc values. The NL value is, however, the more conservative number. When the option of collecting ...
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    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off