ASTM D7230-06
(Guide)Standard Guide for Evaluating Polymeric Lining Systems for Water Immersion in Coating Service Level III Safety-Related Applications on Metal Substrates
Standard Guide for Evaluating Polymeric Lining Systems for Water Immersion in Coating Service Level III Safety-Related Applications on Metal Substrates
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes procedures for evaluating lining system test specimens under simulated operating conditions.
1.2 Lining systems to be tested in accordance with this guide are intended for use in both new construction and for refurbishing existing systems or components.
1.3 The lining systems evaluated in accordance with this guide are expected to be applied to metal substrates comprising water-wetted (that is, continuous or intermittent immersion) surfaces in systems that may include:
1.3.1 Service water piping upstream of safety-related components,
1.3.2 Service water pump internals (draft tube, volutes, and diffusers),
1.3.3 Service water heat exchanger channels, pass partitions, tubesheets, end bells, and covers,
1.3.4 Service water strainers, and
1.3.5 Refueling water storage tanks and refuel cavity water storage tanks.
1.4 This guide anticipates that the lining systems to be tested include liquid-grade and paste-grade polymeric materials. Sheet type lining materials, such as rubber, are excluded from the scope of this guide.
1.5 Because of the specialized nature of these tests and the desire in many cases to simulate to some degree the expected service environment, the creation of a standard practice is not practical. This standard gives guidance in setting up tests and specifies test procedures and reporting requirements that can be followed even with differing materials, specimen preparation methods, and test facilities.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D7230 − 06
StandardGuide for
Evaluating Polymeric Lining Systems for Water Immersion
in Coating Service Level III Safety-Related Applications on
Metal Substrates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7230; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This guide establishes procedures for evaluating lining
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
system test specimens under simulated operating conditions.
priate safety and health practices and to determine the
1.2 Lining systems to be tested in accordance with this
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
guide are intended for use in both new construction and for
refurbishing existing systems or components.
2. Referenced Documents
1.3 The lining systems evaluated in accordance with this
2.1 ASTM Standards:
guideareexpectedtobeappliedtometalsubstratescomprising
A36/A36MSpecification for Carbon Structural Steel
water-wetted (that is, continuous or intermittent immersion)
C868Test Method for Chemical Resistance of Protective
surfaces in systems that may include:
Linings
1.3.1 Service water piping upstream of safety-related
D115Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Var-
components,
nishes Used for Electrical Insulation
1.3.2 Service water pump internals (draft tube, volutes, and
D714Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
diffusers),
Paints
1.3.3 Service water heat exchanger channels, pass
D2240Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
partitions, tubesheets, end bells, and covers,
ness
1.3.4 Service water strainers, and
D2583Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Rigid Plas-
1.3.5 Refueling water storage tanks and refuel cavity water
tics by Means of a Barcol Impressor
storage tanks.
D2794Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to
the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)
1.4 This guide anticipates that the lining systems to be
D4060Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic
tested include liquid-grade and paste-grade polymeric materi-
Coatings by the Taber Abraser
als. Sheet type lining materials, such as rubber, are excluded
D4082Test Method for Effects of Gamma Radiation on
from the scope of this guide.
Coatings for Use in Nuclear Power Plants
1.5 Because of the specialized nature of these tests and the
D4538Terminology Relating to Protective Coating and
desire in many cases to simulate to some degree the expected
Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities
service environment, the creation of a standard practice is not
D4541Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using
practical. This standard gives guidance in setting up tests and
Portable Adhesion Testers
specifiestestproceduresandreportingrequirementsthatcanbe
D5139Specification for Sample Preparation for Qualifica-
followed even with differing materials, specimen preparation
tion Testing of Coatings to be Used in Nuclear Power
methods, and test facilities.
Plants
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
D5144Guide for Use of Protective Coating Standards in
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Nuclear Power Plants
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
D6677Test Method for Evaluating Adhesion by Knife
and are not considered standard.
D7167Guide for Establishing Procedures to Monitor the
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D33 on Protective
Coating and Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities and is the direct For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
responsibility of SubcommitteeD33.02 on Service and Material Parameters. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved July 1, 2006. Published July 2006. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D7230-06. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7230 − 06
Performance of Safety-Related Coating Service Level III 3.1.6.1 Discussion—Liquid-grade polymeric lining materi-
Lining Systems in an Operating Nuclear Power Plant als are typically used as prime and finish coats in a lining
E96/E96MTest Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of system.
Materials
3.1.7 paste-grade, adj—lining material that, when mixed,
G14TestMethodforImpactResistanceofPipelineCoatings
resultsinapaste-likematerialthatisoftenappliedbytrowelor
(Falling Weight Test)
squeegee.
G42Test Method for Cathodic Disbonding of Pipeline
3.1.7.1 Discussion—Paste-grade polymeric lining materials
Coatings Subjected to Elevated Temperatures
are often used as the build coat in a lining system and are
2.2 Federal Standards
always incorporated in a cladding system. In addition to
EPA Method 415.1Total Organic Carbon in Water
imparting thickness and impact resistance, the paste-grade
build coat material has the ability to restore an extensively
2.3 NACE International
corroded surface to a relative smooth condition by filling
RP0394Application, Performance and Quality Control of
corrosion-induced surface porosity, pits, and depressions.
Plant-Applied, Fusion Bonded External Pipe Coating
TM0174 Laboratory Methods for the Evaluation of Coating
3.1.8 service water, n—that water used to cool power plant
Materials and Lining Material on Metallic Substrates in
components or extract heat from systems or components, or
Immersion Service
both.
TM0404Offshore Platform Atmospheric and Splash Zone
3.1.8.1 Discussion—Cooling/heatextractionisgenerallyac-
New Construction Coating System Evaluation
complished via heat exchangers, fan coolers, or chillers.
Service water may be raw water or water chemically treated to
3. Terminology
retard corrosion. Service water systems are distinct and sepa-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: rate from the circulating water system used to extract waste
heat from the main steam surface condenser.
3.1.1 In addition to the following terms, general terms
applicable to this standard are found in Terminology D4538.
4. Summary of Guide
3.1.2 cladding, n—a thick coating system comprised of a
liquid-grade prime coat, a paste-grade intermediate build coat, 4.1 Theobjectivesofthetestingsetforthinthisguideareto
evaluate a CSL III lining system’s ability to:
and a liquid-grade finish coat.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—This system is typically applied as a 4.1.1 Preventcorrosionanderosionofthemetallicmaterials
of construction and
lining to heat exchanger tubesheets and as a repair material in
localized areas of metal loss (for example, pump impeller 4.1.2 Remain intact during design basis conditions.
cavitation, pipe wall corrosion) to restore surface contour. A
4.2 The Tests Outlined Comprise Two Distinct Phases:
modified(thatis,thinner)claddingmaybeusedonthewarmer
4.2.1 Phase 1—Phase 1 includes two primary assessments
side of heat exchanger pass partitions to prevent “cold wall”
and certain additional related physical testing. The Phase 1
blistering.
tests are considered essential to the objective of developing a
3.1.3 Coating Service Level III (CSL III), n—areas outside
test database that can be used to rank and otherwise compare
the reactor containment where lining (or coating) failure could candidate-lining systems.
adversely affect the safety function of a safety-related struc-
4.2.1.1 Permeability Testing—Defined thicknesses of liquid
ture, system, or component (SSC). and paste-grade polymeric lining materials are tested to assess
3.1.3.1 Discussion—This definition is consistent with that
their relative imperviousness.
found in Guide D5144. 4.2.1.2 Test (Atlas) Cell “Conditioning” Followed by De-
structive Testing—Test specimens representing thinner and
3.1.4 cold wall effect, n—propensity for a fluid or vapor to
thicker film candidate lining systems are “conditioned” by
permeate into/through a lining applied to the warmer side of a
exposure to test conditions replicating water immersion envi-
substratethatservesasaboundarybetweenwarmerandcooler
ronments that produce a temperature gradient across the
fluids.
specimen (that is, “cold wall” conditions). Following condi-
3.1.5 lining, n—particular type of coating intended for
tioning, the test specimens are tested for impact resistance,
protection of substrates from corrosion as a result of continu-
flexibility, adhesion, and hardness.
ous or intermittent fluid immersion.
4.2.2 Phase 2—Phase2includesadditionaldestructivetests.
3.1.5.1 Discussion—The normal operating service environ-
Phase 2 testing is intended to provide additional performance
ments to which linings are subject are aggressive. As such,
data that can be used to refine the lining selection process. For
materialandapplicationprocessparametersarespecializedand
instance, Phase 1 tests may be used to evaluate a relatively
require exacting quality control measures.
broad array of candidate materials. Once the field of candidate
3.1.6 liquid-grade, adj—lining material that is liquid when
systems is narrowed via Phase 1 testing, Phase 2 tests can be
mixed and applied.
used to fine-tune the system selection process.
5. Significance and Use
Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, 732 N. Capitol St., N.W.,
5.1 Safety-related service water system (SWS) components
Washington, DC 20401.
are designed to provide adequate cooling to equipment essen-
Available from Available from National Association of Corrosion Engineers
(NACE), 1440 South Creek Dr., Houston, TX 77084-4906. tial to the safe operation and shutdown of the plant. Linings in
D7230 − 06
these systems are installed to maintain the integrity of the forthemostseverehypothesized∆Twouldalsobesuitablefor
system components by preventing corrosion and erosion of the service on other waterside surfaces.
metal materials of construction. Linings on SWS surfaces
5.7 Plant cooling water varies in composition and tempera-
upstream of components, including heat exchangers, orifice
tureseasonally.Forpurposesofstandardization,demineralized
plates, strainers, and valves, the detachment of which may
water is used in Atlas cell exposures rather than raw plant
affect safe-plant operation or shutdown, may be considered
water. It is generally accepted in polymeric coatings technol-
safety-related, depending on plant-specific licensing commit-
ogy that low-conductivity water (deionized or demineralized)
ments and design bases.
ismoreaggressivewithrespecttoitsabilitytopermeatelinings
5.2 The testing presented in this guide is used to provide thanrawwater.Thus,stipulatinguseoflow-conductivitywater
reasonable assurance that the linings, when properly applied, as the test medium is considered conservative.
will be suitable for the intended service by preventing corro-
sion and erosion for some extended period of time. Addition- 6. Reagents
ally, the test data derived allows development of schedules,
6.1 Unless otherwise indicated in the project-specific test
methods, and techniques for assessing the condition of the
instructions or under a particular test method described here-
lining materials (see Guide D7167). The ultimate objective of
inafter:
the testing is to avoid lining failures that could result in
6.1.1 Reagent water used in conjunction with permeability
blockage of equipment, such as piping or heat transfer com-
tests and Atlas cell exposures should have a maximum con-
ponents, preventing the system or component from performing
ductivity of 1.0µ S/cm.
its intended safety function.
5.3 It is expected that this guide will be used by:
7. Procedure
5.3.1 Lining manufacturers for comparing specific products
7.1 The user of this guide is expected to invoke only those
and systems and to establish a qualification basis for recom-
tests that are applicable. Refer to Table 1. A test specification
mended linings and
should be developed to indicate the particular tests to be used.
5.3.2 End users seeking a consistent design basis for candi-
The test specification should include details on the lining
date coating systems.
systems to be evaluated.
5.4 In the event of conflict, users of this guide must
7.2 For plant-specific applications, design and operating
recognize that the licensee’s plant-specific quality assurance
parameters will need to be reviewed. On the basis of that
program and licensing commitments shall prevail with respect
review, the site-specific design objectives for testing can be
to the selection process for and qualification of CSL III lining
defined. Test parameters based on water temperatures and∆Ts
materials.
more severe than the plant-specific normal and upset condi-
5.5 Operating experience has shown that the most severe
tionsmightalsobeallowed.Thetestspecimenshouldreplicate
operating conditions with respect to heat exchanger linings
the anticipated plant-specific substrate condition to the extent
occur on pass partitions. A phenomenon known as the “cold
practicable (for example, new, corroded, etc.).
wall effect” accelerates moisture permeation through a coating
7.3 Steel Test Specimens—Duplicate test specimens should
appliedtothewarmersideofapartitionthatseparatesfluidsat
be provided fabricated from hot-rolled mild carbon steel
two different temperatures. The thickness and permeability of
conforming to Specification A36/A36M. Thickness and other
the lining are key variables affecting the ability of a lining to
dimensions are stipulated for each specific test referenced
withstand cold wall blistering.
herein.
5.5.1 This effect is particularly pronounced when the sepa-
7.4 Product Information and Characterization —Eachbatch
rated fluids are water, though the effect will occur when only
ofeachcomponentoftheliningmaterialstobeusedfortesting
airisontheotherside,forexample,anoutdoortankfilledwith
described herein should be identified and “fingerprinted” by
warm liquid.Aheat exchanger pass partition represents geom-
means of the data and testing described in Section 3.2 of
etry uniquely vulnerable to the water-to-water maximized
NACE TM0404, which includes Fourier transform infrared
temperature differentials (∆Ts) that drive the cold wall effect.
(FTIR) analysis. FTIR testing should be per method #4A of
5.5.2 Pass partitions separate relatively cold incoming cool-
NACE TM0404, that is, the attenuated total reflection method
ing water from the discharge water warmed by the heat
for pigmented samp
...
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