ASTM D482-00ae1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
Standard Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of ash in the range 0.001-0.180 mass %, from distillate and residual fuels, gas turbine fuels, crude oils, lubricating oils, waxes, and other petroleum products, in which any ash-forming materials present are normally considered to be undesirable impurities or contaminants (Note 1). The test method is limited to petroleum products which are free from added ash-forming additives, including certain phosphorus compounds (Note 2).
Note 1—In certain types of samples, all of the ash-forming metals are not retained quantitatively in the ash. This is particularly true of distillate oils, which require a special ash procedure in order to retain metals quantitatively.
Note 2—This test method is not intended for the analysis of unused lubricating oils containing additives; for such samples use Test Method D874. Neither is it intended for the analysis of lubricating oils containing lead nor for used engine crankcase oils.
1.2 The preferred units are mass %.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
e1
Designation: D 482 – 00a
British Standard 4450
Designation: 4/96
Standard Test Method for
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Ash from Petroleum Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 482; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This test method was adopted as a joint ASTM-IP standard in 1965.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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e NOTE—Paragraph 8.6.1 was corrected editorially in November 2001.
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1. Scope * Petroleum Products
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
1.1 This test method covers the determination of ash in the
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Petroleum Products
range 0.001–0.180 mass %, from distillate and residual fuels,
D 4928 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Coulom-
gas turbine fuels, crude oils, lubricating oils, waxes, and other
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etric Karl Fischer Titration
petroleum products, in which any ash-forming materials
D 6299 Practice for Applying Stastical Quality Assurance
present are normally considered to be undesirable impurities or
Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System
contaminants (Note 1). The test method is limited to petroleum
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Performance
products which are free from added ash-forming additives,
including certain phosphorus compounds (Note 2).
3. Summary of Test Method
NOTE 1—In certain types of samples, all of the ash-forming metals are
3.1 The sample contained in a suitable vessel is ignited and
not retained quantitatively in the ash. This is particularly true of distillate
allowed to burn until only ash and carbon remain. The
oils, which require a special ash procedure in order to retain metals
carbonaceous residue is reduced to an ash by heating in a
quantitatively.
muffle furnace at 775°C, cooled and weighed.
NOTE 2—This test method is not intended for the analysis of unused
lubricating oils containing additives; for such samples use Test Method
4. Significance and Use
D 874. Neither is it intended for the analysis of lubricating oils containing
lead nor for used engine crankcase oils.
4.1 Knowledge of the amount of ash-forming material
present in a product can provide information as to whether or
1.2 SI units are regarded as the standard. The preferred
not the product is suitable for use in a given application. Ash
expression of the property is mass %.
can result from oil or water-soluble metallic compounds or
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
from extraneous solids such as dirt and rust.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Apparatus
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Evaporating Dish or Crucible, made of platinum, silica,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
or porcelain, of 90 mL minimum capacity to 120-mL maxi-
2. Referenced Documents
mum capacity.
5.2 Electric Muffle Furnace, capable of maintaining a tem-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
perature of 775 6 25°C and preferably having suitable
D 874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils
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apertures at the front and rear so as to allow a slow natural
and Additives
draught of air to pass through.
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
5.3 Meeker Gas Burner, or equivalent.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.03 on Elemental Analysis. 3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
Current edition approved Apr. 10, 2000. Published June 2000. Originally 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03.
published as D 482–38 T. Last previous edition D 482–00. 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.04.
In the IP, this method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Committee.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 482
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5.4 Mechanical Shaker. Table 1. The weighing procedure will also depend upon
whether the sample requires heating or not, and whether more
6. Reagents
than one portion has to be weighed.
6.1 Propan-2-ol—(Warning—Flammable, can be explo-
8.4 Using a top-loading balance, weigh into the dish or
sive when evaporated to or near dryne
...
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