ASTM D5235-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Microscopic Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Coatings on Wood Products
Standard Test Method for Microscopic Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Coatings on Wood Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 As a base for calibration adjustment or accuracy verification of dry film coating thickness measuring instruments.
4.2 The dry film thickness of coatings on wood or wood-based products is specified in written product warranties for proper decorative and protective performance of coatings on wood or wood-based products.
4.3 The minimum and maximum dry film thickness of coatings is recommended by coating companies for satisfactory decorative and protective performance on wood or wood-based products.
4.4 The average dry film thickness of coatings on wood or wood-based material may be used by manufacturing companies to estimate the theoretical cost of applied coatings.
4.5 The ratio of minimum to maximum dry film thickness on textured products is used as an indication of coating uniformity.
4.6 Specific coated product requirements may dictate certain film thickness determinations to be made. Agreement between buyer and seller may be advisable to accommodate product needs relative to dry film thickness.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dry film thickness of coatings applied to a smooth, textured or curved rigid substrate of wood or a wood-based product
1.2 This test method covers the preparation of wood or wood-based specimens for the purpose of microscopic measurement of dry film thickness.
1.3 This test method suggests an analysis of dry film thickness of coatings on wood or wood-based products using a microscopic measurement.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D5235 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Microscopic Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of
1
Coatings on Wood Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope wood or wood-based product, but has penetrated into the fiber
structure of the wood or wood-based material.
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dry film
2.1.3.1 Discussion—Woodorwood-basedproductsaregen-
thickness of coatings applied to a smooth, textured or curved
erally of a porous nature; sometimes exhibiting uniform
rigid substrate of wood or a wood-based product
absorption of coatings. Frequently absorption of coatings is of
1.2 This test method covers the preparation of wood or
a non-uniform nature and influenced by localized surface
wood-based specimens for the purpose of microscopic mea-
density differences or wood pore size. These conditions of
surement of dry film thickness.
coating absorption are commonly referred to as soak in.
1.3 This test method suggests an analysis of dry film
3. Summary of Test Method
thickness of coatings on wood or wood-based products using a
microscopic measurement.
3.1 A specimen of coated wood or wood-based product is
cut to convenient size and edge face with the coating film
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
cross-section is prepared by polishing or cutting with a sharp
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
blade.
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3.2 The prepared edge of the specimen is imaged by a
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
calibrated imaging system with known magnification in order
with the standard.
to measure the dry film thickness using an image analysis
computer program.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.3 Suggestions regarding interpretation of dry film thick-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ness on porous wood or wood-based material are offered.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 As a base for calibration adjustment or accuracy verifi-
2. Terminology
cation of dry film coating thickness measuring instruments.
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
4.2 The dry film thickness of coatings on wood or wood-
2.1.1 dry film thickness or DFT, n—the thickness of dried,
based products is specified in written product warranties for
cured coating film on the substrate surface which may include
proper decorative and protective performance of coatings on
attached fibers but excludes free fibers that are encapsulated in
wood or wood-based products.
the layer itself.
4.3 The minimum and maximum dry film thickness of
2.1.2 edge face, n—that part of the specimen that is a plane
coatingsisrecommendedbycoatingcompaniesforsatisfactory
perpendicular to the surface showing a cross section of the
decorativeandprotectiveperformanceonwoodorwood-based
coating and substrate.
products.
2.1.3 soak in, n—refers to a coating on a porous (wood)
4.4 The average dry film thickness of coatings on wood or
where the coating does not lie essentially on the surface of the
wood-based material may be used by manufacturing compa-
nies to estimate the theoretical cost of applied coatings.
4.5 The ratio of minimum to maximum dry film thickness
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
on textured products is used as an indication of coating
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.52 on Factory Coated Wood Products. uniformity.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published February 2015. Originally
4.6 Specific coated product requirements may dictate cer-
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D5235–13. DOI:
10.1520/D5235-14. tain film thickness determinations to be made. Agreement
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D5235 − 14
between buyer and seller may be advisable to accommodate ducted under a microscope. Appropriate areas for coating dry
product needs relative to dry film thickness. film thickness measurements should be selected based on
testing purpose.
5. Apparatus
7.1.1 Frequently the purpose of testing is the measurement
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5235 − 13 D5235 − 14
Standard Test Method for
MicroscopicalMicroscopic Measurement of Dry Film
1
Thickness of Coatings on Wood Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dry film thickness of coatings applied to a smooth, textured or curved rigid
substrate of wood or a wood-based product
1.2 This test method covers the preparation of wood or wood-based specimens for the purpose of microscopicalmicroscopic
measurement of dry film thickness.
1.3 This test method suggests an interpretationanalysis of dry film thickness of coatings on wood or wood-based products when
porous substrates are coated.using a microscopic measurement.
1.4 This test method suggests an interpretation of dry film thickness of coatings on wood or wood-based products when
substrate attached or non-attached fibers occur in the dry film.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values given in
parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 7 on Hazards.
2. Terminology
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2.1.1 dry film thickness, thickness or DFT, n—that layer of the thickness of dried coating above the microscopically visible
board surface that also comprisesdried, cured coating film on the substrate surface which may include attached fibers but excludes
free fibers that are encapsulated in the layer itself.
2.1.2 edge face, n—that part of the specimen that is a plane perpendicular to the surface showing a cross section of the coating
and substrate.
2.1.3 soak in, n—refers to a coating on a porous substrate(wood) where the coating does not lie essentially on the surface of
the wood or wood-based product, but has penetrated into the fiber structure of the wood or wood-based material.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.52 on Factory Coated Wood Products.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013Dec. 1, 2014. Published December 2013February 2015. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 19972013
as D5235 – 97D5235 – 13. which was withdrawn January 2006 and reinstated in November 2013. DOI: 10.1520/D5235-13.DOI: 10.1520/D5235-14.
2.1.3.1 Discussion—
Wood or wood-based products are generally of a porous nature; sometimes exhibiting uniform absorption of coatings. Frequently
absorption of coatings is of a nonuniformnon-uniform nature and influenced by localized surface density differences or wood pore
size. These conditions of coating absorption are commonly referred to as soak in.
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A specimen of coated wood or wood-based product is cut to convenient size and edge polished with sandpaper.face with
the coating film cross-section is prepared by polishing or cutting with a sharp blade.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D5235 − 14
3.2 The polishedprepared edge of the specimen is viewed throughimaged by a calibrated microscope imaging system with
known magnification in order to measure dry film thickness.the dry film thickness using an image analysis computer program.
3.3 Suggestions regarding interpretation of dry film thickness on porous wood or wood-based material are offered.
3.4 Suggestions regarding interpretation of dry film thickness on wood or wood-based material that have attached or
encapsulated fibers in the coating are offered.
4.
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