ASTM D6750-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine—1K Procedure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1N Procedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)
Standard Test Methods for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine—1K Procedure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1N Procedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These are accelerated engine oil tests (known as the 1K and 1N test procedures), performed in a standardized, calibrated, stationary single-cylinder diesel engine using either mass fraction 0.4 % sulfur fuel (1K test) or mass fraction 0.04 % sulfur fuel (1N test), that give a measure of (1) piston and ring groove deposit forming tendency, (2) piston, ring and liner scuffing and (3) oil consumption.
5.2 The 1K test was correlated with vehicles equipped with certain multi-cylinder direct injection engines used in heavy duty and high speed service prior to 1989, particularly with respect to aluminum piston deposits, and oil consumption, when fuel sulfur was nominally mass fraction 0.4 %. These data are given in Research Report RR:D02-1273.9
5.3 The 1N test has been used to predict piston deposit formation in four-stroke cycle, direct injection, diesel engines that have been calibrated to meet 1994 U.S. federal exhaust emission requirements for heavy-duty engines operated on fuel containing less than mass fraction 0.05 % sulfur. See Research Report RR:D02-1321.9
5.4 These test methods are used in the establishment of diesel engine oil specification requirements as cited in Specification D4485 for appropriate API Performance Category oils (API 1509).
5.5 These test methods are also used in diesel engine oil development.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the performance of engine oils intended for use in certain diesel engines. They are performed in a standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine by either the 1K (0.4 % mass fuel sulfur) or 1N (0.04 % mass fuel sulfur) procedure.3 The only difference in the two test methods is the fuel used. Piston and ring groove deposit-forming tendency and oil consumption are measured. Also, the piston, the rings, and the liner are examined for distress and the rings for mobility. These test methods are required to evaluate oils intended to satisfy API service categories CF-4 and CH-4 for 1K, and CG-4 for 1N of Specification D4485.
1.2 These test methods, although based on the original Caterpillar 1K/1N procedures,3 also embody TMC information letters issued before these test methods were first published. These test methods are subject to frequent change. Until the next revision of these test methods, TMC will update changes in these test methods by the issuance of information letters which shall be obtained from TMC (see Annex A1 – Annex A4).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, or single source equipment specified. Also Brake Specific Fuel Consumption is measured in kilograms per kilowatthour.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements appear throughout the text. Being engine tests, these test methods do have definite hazards that shall be met by safe practices (see Annex A19 on Safety Precautions).
1.5 The following is the Table of Contents:
Section
Introduction
Scope
1
Referenced documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Test Methods
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus
6
General Laboratory Requirements
6.1
Test Engine
6.2
Test Engine Accessories and Parts
6.3
Reagents and Materials
7
Test Oil Sample Requirements
8
Preparation of Apparatus
9
Engine Inspection
9.1
Engine Pre-Test Lubrication System Flush
9.2
Engine Pre-Test Measurements and Inspections
9.3
Engine Assembly
9....
General Information
Relations
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Designation: D6750 − 16
Standard Test Methods for
Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-Cylinder
Diesel Engine—1K Procedure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1N
1
Procedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6750; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Portions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test
2
Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1 – Annex A4).
TheTMCprovidesreferenceoils,andengineeringandstatisticalservicestolaboratoriesthatdesire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
theAmericanChemistryCouncilrequirethatalaboratoryutilizetheTMCservicesaspartoftheirtest
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and
hence theTest Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test
severity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may not
be the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
Laboratories that choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
1. Scope* the rings, and the liner are examined for distress and the rings
for mobility. These test methods are required to evaluate oils
1.1 Thesetestmethodscovertheperformanceofengineoils
intended to satisfy API service categories CF-4 and CH-4 for
intended for use in certain diesel engines. They are performed
1K, and CG-4 for 1N of Specification D4485.
in a standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine by
eitherthe1K(0.4%massfuelsulfur)or1N(0.04%massfuel
1.2 These test methods, although based on the original
3
3
sulfur) procedure. The only difference in the two test methods
Caterpillar1K/1Nprocedures, alsoembodyTMCinformation
is the fuel used. Piston and ring groove deposit-forming
letters issued before these test methods were first published.
tendency and oil consumption are measured. Also, the piston,
These test methods are subject to frequent change. Until the
next revision of these test methods, TMC will update changes
1 in these test methods by the issuance of information letters
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of which shall be obtained from TMC (see Annex A1 – Annex
Subcommittee D02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.
A4).
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originally
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6750–15a. DOI:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
10.1520/D6750-16.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
standard.
will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information
letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave.,
1.3.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent
Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates
such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing
revisions in all information Letters through No. 15–3.
3 size, or single source equipment specified.Also Brake Specific
These1K/1NtestproceduresweredevelopedbyCaterpillarInc.,P.O.Box610,
Mossville, IL 61552-0610. Fuel Consumption is measured in kilograms per kilowatthour.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6750 − 16
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Engine Operating Conditions Annex A14
Procedure for Rating Piston and Liner Annex A15
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Calculation of Percent Offset and Percent Deviation Annex A16
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1K/1N Test Reporting Annex A17
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6750 − 15a D6750 − 16
Standard Test Methods for
Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-Cylinder
Diesel Engine—1K Procedure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1N
1
Procedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6750; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Portions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test
2
Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1 – Annex A4).
The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
The test methods described in this standard can be used by any properly equipped laboratory
without outside assistance. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)In general, the Test
Purchaser decides if provides reference oils and an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils
by the laboratory (seea calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as the American
Chemistry Council require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services Annex A15). By this means, the
laboratory will know whether its use of the test methods gives results statistically similar to those
obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies as part of their test registration process.
In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review Committee of the
Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory usesuse the TMC services in
seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army has such a requirement
in some of its engine oil their specifications.
The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and
hence the Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test
severity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may not
be the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
Accordingly, these test methods are written for those laboratories that use the TMC services.
Laboratories that choose not to use these services may ignore those portions of the test methods that
refer to the TMC.the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
These test methods may be modified by Information Letters issued periodically by the TMC after
the publication of this edition of the standard to become part of it. These letters are obtainable from
the TMC. In addition, the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test methods, also
obtainable from the TMC.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the performance of engine oils intended for use in certain diesel engines. They are performed in
a standardized high-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine by either the 1K (0.4 % mass fuel sulfur) or 1N (0.04 % mass fuel sulfur)
3
procedure. The only difference in the two test methods is the fuel used. Piston and ring groove deposit-forming tendency and oil
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2015October 2016. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as
D6750 – 15.D6750 – 15a. DOI: 10.1520/D6750-15A.10.1520/D6750-16.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC), will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information
letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. The TMC issues Information Letters that supplement this test
method. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions contained in all information lettersLetters through No. 15–2.15–3.
3
These 1K/1N test procedures were developed by Caterpillar Inc., P.O. Box 610, Mossville, IL 61552-0610.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
...
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