ASTM D4713-12(2020)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Heatset and Liquid Printing Ink Systems
Standard Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Heatset and Liquid Printing Ink Systems
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Nonvolatile content of printing inks is useful for specification acceptance between the producer and the user.
4.2 In order to obtain accurate results for heatset systems within the specified 3-h heating time, the specimen film thickness must be less than 100 g/m2, and the oven must have forced ventilation. Thickness of the specimen film is less critical for liquid ink systems.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of weight content of nonvolatile matter in two types of printing inks.
1.2 Test Method A is applicable to heatset-type printing inks and resin solutions; solvents in such systems typically have initial boiling points in the range from 240 to 275°C (470 to 535°F) and vapor pressures less than 0.2 mm Hg.
1.3 Test Method B is applicable to liquid-type printing inks and vehicles based on aqueous or organic solvents that evaporate readily at ordinary room temperatures.
Note 1: Test Method A (for heatset systems) specifies a specimen film thickness that is much thinner than those produced by related test methods; one exception is Test Method B in Test Methods D1259, which is recommended as a referee test.
Note 2: Test Method B (for liquid ink systems) is similar to Test Method D2369 except that a solvent is not required for spreading the test specimen.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4713 − 12 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Methods for
Nonvolatile Content of Heatset and Liquid Printing Ink
Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4713; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of weight 2.1 ASTM Standards:
content of nonvolatile matter in two types of printing inks. D1259 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Resin
Solutions
1.2 Test MethodAis applicable to heatset-type printing inks
D2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
and resin solutions; solvents in such systems typically have
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
initial boiling points in the range from 240 to 275°C (470 to
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
535°F) and vapor pressures less than 0.2 mm Hg.
Ventilation Ovens
1.3 Test Method B is applicable to liquid-type printing inks
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
and vehicles based on aqueous or organic solvents that evapo-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
rate readily at ordinary room temperatures.
3. Summary of Test Methods
NOTE 1—Test MethodA(for heatset systems) specifies a specimen film
thickness that is much thinner than those produced by related test
3.1 Test MethodA—Heatset Systems—A0.15-g specimen is
methods; one exception is Test Method B in Test Methods D1259, which
mechanically spread in a 57-mm weighing dish to a nominal
is recommended as a referee test.
thickness of 80 6 10 g/m and heated in a forced ventilation
NOTE 2—Test Method B (for liquid ink systems) is similar to Test
oven at 110°C for 3 h.
Method D2369 except that a solvent is not required for spreading the test
specimen.
3.2 Test Method B—Liquid Ink Systems—A 0.5-g specimen
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
is dispensed into a 57-mm weighing dish by means of a
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
disposable syringe, mechanically spread out, and heated in an
only.
oven at 110°C for 1 h.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 4.1 Nonvolatile content of printing inks is useful for speci-
fication acceptance between the producer and the user.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 In order to obtain accurate results for heatset systems
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
within the specified 3-h heating time, the specimen film
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
thickness must be less than 100 g/m , and the oven must have
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
forced ventilation. Thickness of the specimen film is less
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
critical for liquid ink systems.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Balance, accurate to 1 mg.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2020.PublishedJuly2020.Originallyapproved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4713 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D4713-12R20. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4713 − 12 (2020)
5.2 Oven, forced-ventilation type conforming toType IIB in 8.1.2 Transfer a representative portion of the sample to the
Specification E145 and maintained at 110 6 2°C. tip of a spatula and dab about 0.15 6 0.02 g around the bottom
of each 57-mm dish, or 0.43 6 0.02 g if a 94-mm can lid is
5.3 Thermometer, capable of reading 110 6 2°C and con-
used. Quickly reweigh and calculate the weight per unit area in
forming to Specification E1. Alternately, temperature measur-
accordance with 9.1. If in excess of 100 g/m , discard and
ing devices such as liquid-in-glass thermometers, thermistors,
weigh out a new specimen.
thermocouples, or platinum resistance thermometers that pro-
8.1.3 With spreader, smooth out the specimen into a reason-
vide equivalent or better accuracy and precision, that cover the
ably uniform film covering the entire bottom of the dish. High
temperature range specified, may be used.
viscosity inks may require a few drops of a suitable solvent to
5.4 Weighing Dish, such as an aluminum foil dish 57 mm
aid in spreading out the film.
wide, the lid of a 1-lb ink can 94 mm wide, or other
8.1.4 Place the dishes in the forced draft oven at 110°C for
flat-bottomed container. The bottom of the container must not
3h.Removedishesfromoven,coolindesiccator,andreweigh.
have a trough or depression into which the test material might
8.2 Test Method B—Liquid Ink Systems:
collect.
8.2.1 Tare weighing dishes as in 8.1.1.Transfer 2 to 4 mLof
5.5 Spatula, or small ink knife.
representative sample to s
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