ASTM E426-98(2007)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austenitic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys
Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austenitic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Eddy-current examination is a nondestructive method of locating discontinuities in a product. Changes in electromagnetic response caused by the presence of discontinuities are detected by the sensor, amplified and modified in order to actuate audio or visual indicating devices, or both, or a mechanical marker. Signals can be caused by outer surface, inner surface, or subsurface discontinuities. The eddy-current examination is sensitive to many factors that occur as a result of processing (such as variations in conductivity, chemical composition, permeability, and geometry) as well as other factors not related to the tubing. Thus, all received indications are not necessarily indicative of defective tubing.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures that may be followed for eddy-current examination of seamless and welded tubular products made of stainless steel and similar alloys such as nickel alloys. Austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steels, which are generally considered to be nonmagnetic, are specifically covered as distinguished from the martensitic and ferritic straight chromium stainless steels which are magnetic.
1.2 This practice is intended as a guide for eddy-current examination of both seamless and welded tubular products using either an encircling coil or a probe-coil technique. Coils and probes are available that can be used inside the tubular product; however, their use is not specifically covered in this document. This type of examination is usually employed only to examine tubing which has been installed such as in a heat exchanger.
1.3 This practice covers the examination of tubular products ranging in diameter from 0.125 to 5 in. (3.2 to 127.0 mm) and wall thicknesses from 0.005 to 0.250 in. (0.127 to 6.4 mm).
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:E426–98 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Practice for
Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Seamless
and Welded Tubular Products, Austenitic Stainless Steel
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and Similar Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E426; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This specification has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This practice covers procedures that may be followed 2.1 ASTM Standards:
for eddy-current examination of seamless and welded tubular E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestruc-
products made of stainless steel and similar alloys such as tive Testing
nickel alloys. Austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steels, E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
which are generally considered to be nonmagnetic, are specifi- 2.2 Other Documents:
cally covered as distinguished from the martensitic and ferritic SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-
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straight chromium stainless steels which are magnetic. cation and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
1.2 This practice is intended as a guide for eddy-current ANSI/ASNT CP-189 ASNT Standard for Qualification and
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examination of both seamless and welded tubular products Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
using either an encircling coil or a probe-coil technique. Coils NAS-410 NAS Certification and Qualification of Nonde-
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and probes are available that can be used inside the tubular structive Personnel (Quality Assurance Committee)
product; however, their use is not specifically covered in this
3. Terminology
document. This type of examination is usually employed only
3.1 Standard terminology relating to electromagnetic ex-
to examine tubing which has been installed such as in a heat
exchanger. amination may be found in Terminology E1316, Section C,
1.3 This practice covers the examination of tubular products Electromagnetic Testing.
ranging in diameter from 0.125 to 5 in. (3.2 to 127.0 mm) and
4. Summary of Practice
wall thicknesses from 0.005 to 0.250 in. (0.127 to 6.4 mm).
4.1 The examination is conducted using one of two general
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
techniques shown in Fig. 1. One of these techniques employs
as the standard.
one or more exciter and sensor coils which encircle the pipe or
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tube and through which the tubular product to be examined is
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
passed. Some circuit configurations employ separate exciter
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and sensor coils; whereas other configurations employ one or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
more coils that concurrently function as both exciters and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sensors. Alternating current passes through the exciting coil
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This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde- For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Electromagnetic Method. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally the ASTM website.
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approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E426 - 98(2003) . AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
DOI: 10.1520/E0426-98R07. 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
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For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Practice Available fromAerospace IndustriesAssociation ofAmerica, Inc. (AIA), 1000
SE-426 in Section II of that Code. WilsonBlvd.,Suite1700,Arlington,VA22209-3928,http://www.aia-aerospace.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E426–98 (2007)
inner surface, or subsurface discontinuities. The eddy-current
examination is sensitive to many factors that occur as a result
of processing (such as variations in conductivity, chemical
composition, permeability, and geometry) as well as other
factors not related to the tubing. Thus, all received indications
are not necessarily indicative of defective tubing.
6. Basis of Application
6.1 If specified in the contractual agreem
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