ASTM A370-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Ductile vs. Brittle Behavior—Body-centered-cubic or ferritic alloys exhibit a significant transition in behavior when impact tested over a range of temperatures. At temperatures above transition, impact specimens fracture by a ductile (usually microvoid coalescence) mechanism, absorbing relatively large amounts of energy. At lower temperatures, they fracture in a brittle (usually cleavage) manner absorbing appreciably less energy. Within the transition range, the fracture will generally be a mixture of areas of ductile fracture and brittle fracture.
The temperature range of the transition from one type of behavior to the other varies according to the material being tested. This transition behavior may be defined in various ways for specification purposes.
The specification may require a minimum test result for absorbed energy, fracture appearance, lateral expansion, or a combination thereof, at a specified test temperature.
The specification may require the determination of the transition temperature at which either the absorbed energy or fracture appearance attains a specified level when testing is performed over a range of temperatures. Alternatively the specification may require the determination of the fracture appearance transition temperature (FATTn) as the temperature at which the required minimum percentage of shear fracture (n) is obtained.
Further information on the significance of impact testing appears in Annex A5.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures and definitions for the mechanical testing of steels, stainless steels, and related alloys. The various mechanical tests herein described are used to determine properties required in the product specifications. Variations in testing methods are to be avoided, and standard methods of testing are to be followed to obtain reproducible and comparable results. In those cases in which the testing requirements for certain products are unique or at variance with these general procedures, the product specification testing requirements shall control.
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Designation: A370 – 10
Standard Test Methods and Definitions for
1
Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A370; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
2 as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
1.1 These test methods cover procedures and definitions
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
for the mechanical testing of steels, stainless steels, and related
and are not considered standard.
alloys. The various mechanical tests herein described are used
1.5 When this document is referenced in a metric product
to determine properties required in the product specifications.
specification,theyieldandtensilevaluesmaybedeterminedin
Variations in testing methods are to be avoided, and standard
inch-pound (ksi) units then converted into SI (MPa) units. The
methods of testing are to be followed to obtain reproducible
elongation determined in inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 or 8
and comparable results. In those cases in which the testing
in. may be reported in SI unit gauge lengths of 50 or 200 mm,
requirementsforcertainproductsareuniqueoratvariancewith
respectively, as applicable. Conversely, when this document is
these general procedures, the product specification testing
referenced in an inch-pound product specification, the yield
requirements shall control.
and tensile values may be determined in SI units then con-
1.2 The following mechanical tests are described:
verted into inch-pound units. The elongation determined in SI
Sections
unit gauge lengths of 50 or 200 mm may be reported in
Tension 5 to 13
Bend 14
inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 or 8 in., respectively, as
Hardness 15
applicable.
Brinell 16
Rockwell 17 1.6 Attention is directed to ISO/IEC 17025 when there may
Portable 18
be a need for information on criteria for evaluation of testing
Impact 19 to 28
laboratories.
Keywords 29
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.3 Annexes covering details peculiar to certain products
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
are appended to these test methods as follows:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Annex
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Bar Products A1.1
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Tubular Products Annex A2
Fasteners Annex A3
2. Referenced Documents
Round Wire Products Annex A4
Significance of Notched-Bar Impact Testing Annex A5
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Converting Percentage Elongation of Round Specimens to Annex A6
A703/A703M Specification for Steel Castings, General Re-
Equivalents for Flat Specimens
Testing Multi-Wire Strand Annex A7
quirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Rounding of Test Data Annex A8
A781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy,
Methods for Testing Steel Reinforcing Bars Annex A9
Procedure for Use and Control of Heat-Cycle Simulation Annex A10 Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
A833 Practice for Indentation Hardness of Metallic Mate-
rials by Comparison Hardness Testers
1
These test methods and definitions are under the jurisdiction of ASTM
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and are the direct
E6 TerminologyRelatingtoMethodsofMechanicalTesting
responsibility of Subcommittee A01.13 on Mechanical and Chemical Testing and
Processing Methods of Steel Products and Processes.
Current edition approved June 15, 2010. Published July 2010. Originally
´1 3
approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A370 – 09a . DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/A0370-10. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-370 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A370 – 10
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic extension, and the axis of the fold of a longitudinal bend test
Materials specimenisatrightanglestothedirectionofgreatestextension
E10 Test
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:A370–09a Designation: A370 – 10
Standard Test Methods and Definitions for
1
Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A370; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
´ NOTE—Sections 20 and 22.2.1 were editorially corrected in August 2009.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 These test methods cover procedures and definitions for the mechanical testing of steels, stainless steels, and related alloys.
The various mechanical tests herein described are used to determine properties required in the product specifications. Variations
in testing methods are to be avoided, and standard methods of testing are to be followed to obtain reproducible and comparable
results. In those cases in which the testing requirements for certain products are unique or at variance with these general
procedures, the product specification testing requirements shall control.
1.2 The following mechanical tests are described:
Sections
Tension 5to13
Bend 14
Hardness 15
Brinell 16
Rockwell 17
Portable 18
Impact 19 to 28
Keywords 29
1.3 Annexes covering details peculiar to certain products are appended to these test methods as follows:
Annex
Bar Products A1.1
Tubular Products Annex A2
Fasteners Annex A3
Round Wire Products Annex A4
Significance of Notched-Bar Impact Testing Annex A5
Converting Percentage Elongation of Round Specimens to Annex A6
Equivalents for Flat Specimens
Testing Multi-Wire Strand Annex A7
Rounding of Test Data Annex A8
Methods for Testing Steel Reinforcing Bars Annex A9
Procedure for Use and Control of Heat-Cycle Simulation Annex A10
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information
only and are not considered standard.
1.5 When this document is referenced in a metric product specification, the yield and tensile values may be determined in
inch-pound (ksi) units then converted into SI (MPa) units. The elongation determined in inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 or 8 in.
may be reported in SI unit gauge lengths of 50 or 200 mm, respectively, as applicable. Conversely, when this document is
referenced in an inch-pound product specification, the yield and tensile values may be determined in SI units then converted into
inch-pound units. The elongation determined in SI unit gauge lengths of 50 or 200 mm may be reported in inch-pound gauge
lengths of 2 or 8 in., respectively, as applicable.
1.6 Attention is directed to ISO/IEC 17025 when there may be a need for information on criteria for evaluation of testing
laboratories.
1
These test methods and definitions are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee A01.13 on Mechanical and Chemical Testing and Processing Methods of Steel Products and Processes.
Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originally approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A370–09. DOI:
10.1520/A0370-09AE01.
´1
Current edition approved June 15, 2010. Published July 2010. Originally approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A370 – 09a . DOI:
10.1520/A0370-10.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-370 in Section II of that Code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A370 – 10
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A703/A703M Specification for Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
A781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
A833 Practice
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:A370–09a Designation: A370 – 10
Standard Test Methods and Definitions for
1
Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A370; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
´ NOTE—Sections 20 and 22.2.1 were editorially corrected in August 2009.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 These test methods cover procedures and definitions for the mechanical testing of steels, stainless steels, and related alloys.
The various mechanical tests herein described are used to determine properties required in the product specifications. Variations
in testing methods are to be avoided, and standard methods of testing are to be followed to obtain reproducible and comparable
results. In those cases in which the testing requirements for certain products are unique or at variance with these general
procedures, the product specification testing requirements shall control.
1.2 The following mechanical tests are described:
Sections
Tension 5to13
Bend 14
Hardness 15
Brinell 16
Rockwell 17
Portable 18
Impact 19 to 28
Keywords 29
1.3 Annexes covering details peculiar to certain products are appended to these test methods as follows:
Annex
Bar Products A1.1
Tubular Products Annex A2
Fasteners Annex A3
Round Wire Products Annex A4
Significance of Notched-Bar Impact Testing Annex A5
Converting Percentage Elongation of Round Specimens to Annex A6
Equivalents for Flat Specimens
Testing Multi-Wire Strand Annex A7
Rounding of Test Data Annex A8
Methods for Testing Steel Reinforcing Bars Annex A9
Procedure for Use and Control of Heat-Cycle Simulation Annex A10
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information
only and are not considered standard.
1.5 When this document is referenced in a metric product specification, the yield and tensile values may be determined in
inch-pound (ksi) units then converted into SI (MPa) units. The elongation determined in inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 or 8 in.
may be reported in SI unit gauge lengths of 50 or 200 mm, respectively, as applicable. Conversely, when this document is
referenced in an inch-pound product specification, the yield and tensile values may be determined in SI units then converted into
inch-pound units. The elongation determined in SI unit gauge lengths of 50 or 200 mm may be reported in inch-pound gauge
lengths of 2 or 8 in., respectively, as applicable.
1.6 Attention is directed to ISO/IEC 17025 when there may be a need for information on criteria for evaluation of testing
laboratories.
1
These test methods and definitions are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee A01.13 on Mechanical and Chemical Testing and Processing Methods of Steel Products and Processes.
Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originally approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A370–09. DOI:
10.1520/A0370-09AE01.
´1
Current edition approved June 15, 2010. Published July 2010. Originally approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A370 – 09a . DOI:
10.1520/A0370-10.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-370 in Section II of that Code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A370 – 10
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A703/A703M Specification for Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
A781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
A833 Practi
...
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