ASTM D5057-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste
Standard Test Method for Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of Waste
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries for the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density of waste.
5.2 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density determined by this test method can be used for the conversion of measured volumes to weights.
5.3 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density, when correlated with other properties, can be used to indicate the character of the waste.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density in a waste sample. For the purpose of this test method, the property to be measured is classified into three groups based on material type:
1.1.1 Group A—Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific gravity (ASG),
1.1.2 Group B—Granules, powders, and water-reactive liquids, solids, or sludges; bulk density (BD), and
1.1.3 Group C—Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper, or wood, etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).
1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a screening test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the ability to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total waste composition is unknown.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D5057 −17
Standard Test Method for
Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of
1
Waste
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5057; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent
3. Terminology
specific gravity and bulk density in a waste sample. For the
purpose of this test method, the property to be measured is
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
classified into three groups based on material type:
method, refer to Terminology D5681.
1.1.1 Group A—Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific
gravity (ASG),
4. Summary of Test Method
1.1.2 Group B—Granules, powders, and water-reactive
4.1 This method describes gravimetric procedures to esti-
liquids, solids, or sludges; bulk density (BD), and
matethespecificgravityorbulkdensityofawastesample.The
1.1.3 Group C—Bulksolids(suchasgravel,paper,orwood,
specific gravity of a material is the ratio of the masses of equal
etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).
volumes of a waste and reagent water. The apparent specific
1.2 Thistestmethodisdesignedandintendedasascreening
gravity of materials in Groups A and C is determined by
test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative analyti-
comparing the mass of a sample to the mass of the same
cal techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity.
volume of reagent water. The bulk density of wastes in Group
This test method offers to the user the option and the ability to
B is determined as a direct mass/volume ratio of the sample
screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density when
alone and should be used for determinations on water-reactive
the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the
materials.
total waste composition is unknown.
5. Significance and Use
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
waste management industries for the determination of apparent
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
specific gravity and bulk density of waste.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density deter-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
mined by this test method can be used for the conversion of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
measured volumes to weights.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.3 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density, when
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
correlated with other properties, can be used to indicate the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
character of the waste.
2. Referenced Documents
6. Apparatus
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6.1 Weighing Container—Specific gravity bottle or equiva-
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
lent container.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
6.2 Spatulas.
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.05 on
Screening Methods.
6.3 Top Loader Balance, with a sensitivity of 0.01 g.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originally
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5057 – 10. DOI:
7. Reagents and Materials
10.1520/D5057-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
7.1 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. by Type IV of Specification D1193.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D5057−17
8. Weighing Container Calibration 12. Calculation
8.1 Weigh the empty container (weighing bottle or specific 12.1 Calculate the apparent specific gravity (ASG) or bulk
gravity bottle) with lid on, and record weight to the nearest density (BD) from the following equations, matching the
0.0
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5057 − 10 D5057 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of
1
Waste
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5057; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density in waste. a waste sample. For the
purpose of this test method, materials the property to be measured will be is classified into three groups:groups based on material
type:
1.1.1 Group A—Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific gravity (ASG),
1.1.2 Group B—Granules, powders, and water reactive water-reactive liquids, solids, or sludges; bulk density (BD), and
1.1.3 Group C—Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper, or wood, etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).
1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminaryscreening test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative
analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the ability
to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total
waste composition is unknown.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam in Closed Conduits (Withdrawn 2003)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D5681.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 screening—a preliminary qualitative or semi-quantitative test, developed from classical qualitative and quantitative
techniques, that is designed to efficiently give the user specific information about a waste that will aid in determining waste
identification, process compatibility, and safety in handling.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This method describes gravimetric procedures to estimate the specific gravity or bulk density of a waste sample. The specific
gravity of a material is the ratio of the masses of equal volumes of a waste and reagent water. The apparent specific gravity of
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.05 on Screening
Methods.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010Sept. 1, 2017. Published January 2011October 2017. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20062010 as
D5057-90(2006).D5057 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/D5057-10.10.1520/D5057-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D5057 − 17
materials in Groups A and C is determined by comparing the mass of a sample to the mass of the same volume of reagent water.
The bulk density of wastes in Group B is determined as a direct mass/volume ratio of the sample alone and should be used for
determinations on water reactive materials. The weights are used in determining mass.water-reactive materials.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries for the de
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