ASTM C828-11

Standard Test Method for Low-Pressure Air Test of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines

ABSTRACT
This test method contains procedures using low-pressure air for testing the integrity of installed vitrified clay pipe lines such as gravity-flow sewer pipes. The procedures detailed here should be performed on lines after adequately and properly plugging and bracing connection laterals, if any, and after the trenches are backfilled for a sufficient time. This test method can also be used as a preliminary test to demonstrate the condition of the line prior to backfill and further construction activities.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method defines procedures for testing vitrified clay pipe lines, using low-pressure air, to demonstrate the integrity of the installed line. Refer to Practice C12.
1.2 This test method shall be performed on lines after connection laterals, if any, have been plugged and braced adequately to withstand the test pressure, and after the trenches have been backfilled for a sufficient time to generate a significant portion of the ultimate trench load on the pipe line. The time between completion of the backfill operation and low-pressure air testing shall be determined by the approving authority.
1.3 This test method may also be used as a preliminary test, which enables the installer to demonstrate the condition of the line prior to backfill and further construction activities.
1.4 This test method is suitable for testing gravity-flow sewer pipe constructed of vitrified clay or combinations of clay and other pipe materials.
1.5 Terminology C896 is to be used for clarification of terminology in this test method.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2006
• ICS: 23.040.01 - Pipeline components and pipelines in general
• Technical Committee: C04 - Vitrified Clay Pipe
• Drafting Committee: C04.20 - Methods of Test and Specifications

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C828-06 - Standard Test Method for Low-Pressure Air Test of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C1208/C1208M-18(2022) - Standard Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe and Joints for Use in Microtunneling, Sliplining, Pipe Bursting, and Tunnels
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C301-18(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Vitrified Clay Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C700-18(2022) - Standard Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength, Standard Strength, and Perforated
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C12-22a - Standard Practice for Installing Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Referred By: ASTM F1417-11A(2019)e1 - Standard Practice for Installation Acceptance of Plastic Non-pressure Sewer Lines Using Low-Pressure Air
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C1091-03a(2022) - Standard Test Method for Hydrostatic Infiltration Testing of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C828 −11
StandardTest Method for
1
Low-Pressure Air Test of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C828; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method defines procedures for testing vitrified
C12Practice for Installing Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
clay pipe lines, using low-pressure air, to demonstrate the
C1091Test Method for Hydrostatic Infiltration Testing of
integrity of the installed line. Refer to Practice C12.
Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
1.2 This test method shall be performed on lines after
C896Terminology Relating to Clay Products
connection laterals, if any, have been plugged and braced
adequatelytowithstandthetestpressure,andafterthetrenches 3. Summary of Test Method
have been backfilled for a sufficient time to generate a
3.1 Thesectionofthelinetobetestedisplugged.Air,atlow
significant portion of the ultimate trench load on the pipe line.
pressure, is introduced into the plugged line. The line passes
The time between completion of the backfill operation and
the test if the rate of air loss, as measured by pressure drop,
low-pressure air testing shall be determined by the approving
does not exceed a specified amount in a specified time. This
authority.
may be determined by the use of Table 1, or calculated by use
of the formulas in Appendix X1.
1.3 This test method may also be used as a preliminary test,
which enables the installer to demonstrate the condition of the
4. Hazards
line prior to backfill and further construction activities.
4.1 Thelow-pressureairtestmaybedangeroustopersonnel
1.4 This test method is suitable for testing gravity-flow
if, through lack of understanding or carelessness, a line is
sewerpipeconstructedofvitrifiedclayorcombinationsofclay
over-pressurized or plugs are installed improperly. It is ex-
and other pipe materials.
tremely important that the various plugs be installed so as to
prevent the sudden expulsion of a poorly installed or partially
1.5 Terminology C896 is to be used for clarification of
inflated plug. As an example of the hazard, a force of 250 lbf
terminology in this test method.
(1110 N) is exerted on an 8-in. (205-mm) plug by an internal
1.6 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
pressure of 5 psi (35 kPa). Observe the following safety
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
precautions:
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4.1.1 Nooneshallbeallowedinthemanholesduringtesting
and are not considered standard.
because of the hazards.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1.2 Install all plugs securely.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1.3 When lines are to be tested, it may be necessary that
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the plugs be braced as an added safety factor.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1.4 Do not over-pressurize the lines.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Preparation of the Line
5.1 Air may pass through the walls of dry pipe. A wetted
interior pipe surface is desirable and will produce more
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC04onVitrified
Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C04.20 on Methods of
2
Test and Specifications. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011. Published January 2011. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C828–06. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0828-11. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C828−11
TABLE 1 Minimum Test Time for Various Pipe Sizes
6.4 Start the test when the pressure is at 3.5 psi (24 kPa). If
Nominal T (time), a 1 psi (6.9 kPa) drop does not occur within the test time, the
Pipe Size, in. (mm) min/100 ft
linehaspassed.Ifthepressuredropismorethan1psi(6.9kPa)
(min/100 m)
duringthetesttime,thelineispresumedtohavefailedthetest.
48 (1220) 8.5
4 (100) 0.3 (0.98) Ifthelinefailsthetest,segmentaltestingmaybeutilizedsolely
6 (150) 0.7 (2.3)
to determine the location of leaks, if any, but not for the
8 (205) 1.2 (3.9)
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C828–06 Designation: C828 – 11
Standard Test Method for
1
Low-Pressure Air Test of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C828; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method defines procedures for testing vitrified clay pipe lines, using low-pressure air, to demonstrate the integrity
of the installed line. Refer to Practice C12.
1.2 This test method shall be performed on lines after connection laterals, if any, have been plugged and braced adequately to
withstand the test pressure, and after the trenches have been backfilled for a sufficient time to generate a significant portion of the
ultimate trench load on the pipe line. The time between completion of the backfill operation and low-pressure air testing shall be
determined by the approving authority.
1.3 This test method may also be used as a preliminary test, which enables the installer to demonstrate the condition of the line
prior to backfill and further construction activities.
1.4 Thistestmethodissuitablefortestinggravity-flowsewerpipeconstructedofvitrifiedclayorcombinationsofclayandother
pipe materials.
1.5 Terminology C896 is to be used for clarification of terminology in this test method.
1.6The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C12 Practice for Installing Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
C1091 Test Method for Hydrostatic Infiltration Testing of Vitrified Clay Pipe Lines
C896 Terminology Relating to Clay Products
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The section of the line to be tested is plugged.Air, at low pressure, is introduced into the plugged line. The line passes the
test if the rate of air loss, as measured by pressure drop, does not exceed a specified amount in a specified time. This may be
determined by the use of Table 1, or calculated by use of the formulas in Appendix X1.
4. Hazards
4.1 The low-pressure air test may be dangerous to personnel if, through lack of understanding or carelessness, a line is
over-pressurized or plugs are installed improperly. It is extremely important that the various plugs be installed so as to prevent the
suddenexpulsionofapoorlyinstalledorpartiallyinflatedplug.Asanexampleofthehazard,aforceof250lbf(1110N)isexerted
on an 8-in. (205-mm) plug by an internal pressure of 5 psi (35 kPa). Observe the following safety precautions:
4.1.1 No one shall be allowed in the manholes during testing because of the hazards.
4.1.2 Install all plugs securely.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C04 on Vitrified Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C04.20 on Methods of Test
and Specifications.
Current edition approved Sept.Jan. 1, 2006.2011. Published October 2006.January 2011. Originally approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 20032006 as
C828–036. DOI: 10.1520/C0828-06.10.1520/C0828-11.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C828 – 11
TABLE 1 Minimum Test Time for Various Pipe Sizes
Nominal T (time),
Pipe Size, in. (mm) min/100 ft
(min/100 m)
48 (1220) 8.5
4 (100) 0.3 (0.98)
6 (150) 0.7 (2.3)
8 (205) 1.2 (3.9)
10 (255) 1.5 (4.9)
12 (305) 1.8 (5.9)
15 (380) 2.1 (6.9)
18 (455) 2.4 (7.9)
21 (535) 3.0 (9.8)
24 (610) 3.6 (11.8)
27 (685) 4.2 (13.8)
30 (760) 4.8 (15.7)
33
...