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ASTM D3498-99

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor Systems

Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor Systems

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers minimum performance standards and test requirements for gap-filling construction adhesives for bonding plywood to lumber framing, particularly floor joists, at the construction site.
1.2 This specification provides a basis for ensuring the quality of the adhesives and is not intended as an application specification.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Oct-2001
ICS
83.180 - Adhesives
Technical Committee
D14 - Adhesives
Drafting Committee
D14.70 - Construction Adhesives
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D3498-01 - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor Systems
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001
Referred By
ASTM C1852-20 - Standard Guide for Product Selection/Delivery Systems for Aerosol Foam Sealants and Adhesives
Effective Date
10-Oct-2001

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ASTM D3498-99 - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor SystemsASTM D3498-99 - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor Systems
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ASTM D3498-99 - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor Systems
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 3498 – 99
Standard Specification for
Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for
1
Floor Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3498; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This specification covers minimum performance stan- 3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this specification are de-
dards and test requirements for gap-filling construction adhe- fined in Terminology D 907.
sives for bonding plywood to lumber framing, particularly 3.1.1 gap-filling adhesive, n—an adhesive capable of form-
floor joists, at the construction site. ing and maintaining a bond between surfaces that are not
1.2 This specification provides a basis for ensuring the close-fitting.
quality of the adhesives and is not intended as an application 3.1.1.1 Discussion—Close-fitting is relative to a given ma-
specification. terial and industry; for example, standards in construction
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded differ from standards in electronics. Some adhesives will bond
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for by bridging without completely filling the gap; others by filling
information only. the gap completely.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the 3.1.2 open assembly time, n—the time interval between
test method portion, Section 10, of this specification: This applying adhesive on the subtrates and closing them together
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, before bonding.
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
4. Ordering Information
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
4.1 The adhesive may be furnished by the manufacturer in
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
tions prior to use. any suitable form agreeable to the purchaser.
2. Referenced Documents 5. Materials
5.1 The adhesive shall be a gap-filling construction adhesive
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 572 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration by Heat and that sets at temperatures as low as 40°F (4.4°C).
2
5.2 The adhesive shall not support mold or bacterial growth.
Oxygen
D 905 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesive If the adhesive contains any materials that will support mold or
3
bacterial growth, such as amylaceous or protein fillers, the
Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading
3
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives adhesive must not only pass requirements of this specification,
but in addition, show no significant loss in strength at the 0.05
D 1174 Test Method for Effect of Bacterial Contamination
on Permanence of Adhesive Preparations and Adhesive level of probability when tested for mold and bacterial con-
4
tamination in accordance with Test Methods D 1174 and
Bonds
D 1286 Test Method for Effect of Mold Contamination on D 1286, and procedures contained in this specification. The
adhesive manufacturer shall notify in writing the agency
Permanence of Adhesive Preparations and Adhesive
4
Bonds responsible for testing, certifying, and compliance labeling of
5
the adhesive whether any such materials are present in the
D 2016 Test Method for Moisture Content of Wood
6
E 4 Practices for Tone Verification of Testing Machines adhesive.
5.3 The adhesive, when completely set, shall form a resil-
ient bond that shall be durable when protected from direct
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-14 on
exposure to the weather, as defined by the requirements of this
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.70 on Construction
specification.
Adhesives.
5.4 The adhesive shall be a uniform mixture suitable for
Current edition approved May 10, 1999. Published August 1999. Originally
published as D 3498 – 76. Last previous edition D 3498 – 93. extrusion by a caulking gun or other pressurized application
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
equipment.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06.
5.5 The adhesive shall permit an open assembly time of not
4
Discontinued; see 1983 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06.
5
less than 10 min when applied to the lumber framing in
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.09.
6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 3498
accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. It shall be measurement across the top surface of the plywood. Use
functional, as defined in this specification, when applied to bowed plywood only if
...

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This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semistructural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having woodbased surfaces at the bondline. The adhesives can be classified according to resistance to deformation: Group A or structural, and Group B or semistructural. Also, the adhesives may be designated into three types, according to their recommended use based on their resistance to water and water vapor: Type 1 for interior and exterior use, Type 2 for weather-protected interior use, and Type 3 for interior use only. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine the following properties of adhesives: shear strength, gap-filling ability, total deformation resistance, moisture and temperature limitation during fabrication, high-temperature resistance, low-temperature resistance, moisture resistance, aging, oxidation resistance, and mold resistance.
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1.1.1 The performance of the adhesives is measured in the following tests:    
Number  
Test  
Section  
1  
Low Temperature  
16  
2  
Dry Lumber  
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3  
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18  
4  
High Temperature  
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4.1 Creep data that are obtained over a relatively short period of time in this test method can provide a measure of an adhesive bond's ability to withstand static loading in shear over a relatively long period of time. Creep measurements are made over a range of expected service conditions, including level of stress, temperature, relative humidity, and duration of load. Creep rate, creep strain, and creep modulus are calculated at the various service conditions.  
4.2 Creep data can be used to (1) predict performance of an adhesive under long-term loading, (2) characterize an adhesive, (3) compare adhesives with each other and against specifications, and (4) design structural members fabricated with an adhesive.  
4.3 Time-to-failure data provide a measure of the ultimate load-carrying ability of an adhesive bond as a function of time at various levels of stress, temperature, and relative humidity.  
4.4 With proper caution, time-to-failure data derived from relatively short loading periods can be extrapolated to estimate the useful service life of an adhesive at working levels of static stress. This property may also be used with creep data to accomplish purposes listed in 4.2.  
4.5 This test method is a research tool intended for development or evaluation of new adhesives and new product designs. The researcher may select from suggested tests those that are appropriate. However, creep and time-to-failure tests are nonroutine and can be time-consuming and expensive, so tests must be selected with care.  
4.6 The apparatus and procedures may be suitable for measuring creep properties of adhesives on substrates other than wood, such as metal, plastic, and glass, but such considerations are not within the scope of this test method.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of time-dependent properties of structural adhesives in wood-to-wood bonds when specimens are subjected to shearing stresses at various levels of static load, constant temperature, and relative humidity. Apparatus and procedures are provided for direct measurement of time-dependent shear deformation (creep) and time to failure of adhesive bonds under static load. Guidelines for selecting test conditions, methods for calculating creep rate, creep strain, creep modulus, and extrapolation of time to failure, are given along with methods of presenting these data.  
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Standard Test Methods for Ability of Adhesive Films to Support or Resist the Growth of Fungi

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4.1 These test methods are designed to be used to determine the susceptibility of the adhesive film to biodegradation and whether the adhesive will carry into the bond line sufficient anti-fungal properties to prevent growth of fungi frequently present on the gluing equipment, on adherends, or in the adhesive as applied.  
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Note 2: The method given here using the MSA is based on Practice G21, adapted to be used with adhesives. Requirements for the use of the MSA are described in 10.2, and a mixed species of fungi is prescribed in 8.2 for the inoculum.  
4.3 The results obtained when using the procedures given in this method apply only to the species used for the testing. The test species listed in Section 8 are frequently used by laboratories to test for antifungal properties, but they are not the only ones which could be used. Selection of the fungal species to test against requires informed judgment by the testing laboratory or by the party requesting the tests. These methods are especially useful when species that have been isolated from contaminated adhesives are used as the test species (see Section 8) to aid in the selection of more effective fungicides.  
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4.1 Tension tests provide reasonably accurate information with regard to the tensile strength of adhesives. Tensile strength data may be suitable for specification acceptance, service evaluation, manufacturing control, research, and development. Tension tests are not considered significant for applications differing from the test in rate, direction, and type of loading.
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5.1 This test method evaluates the performance of the adhesive in laminated wood as measured by resistance to creep under static load.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of creep properties of structural adhesives in wood-to-wood bonds when a standardized specimen is subjected to shearing stresses at various levels of static load, constant temperature, and relative humidity. Apparatus and procedures are provided for shear deformation (creep) of adhesive bonds under static load. This test method is used under the indicated conditions to evaluate resistance to creep properties of a structural wood adhesive.  
1.2 The test method is used to evaluate creep performance of adhesives suitable for the bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural wood products for general construction, marine use, or for other uses where a high-strength general construction, creep-resistant, durable adhesive bond is required. Individual block shear specimens are prepared from adhesively bonded laminations, subjected to a constant load under various combinations of temperature and relative humidity, and the amount of creep measured.  
1.3 Creep of structural wood adhesives as measured by this test method may not be comparative to other ASTM methods and is limited to the conditions of the test and procedures contained herein.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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5.1 This test method provides reasonably accurate information with regard to the determination of the securing or locking effect of adhesives used in threaded fasteners. This test method may also be used to determine the degree of cure and the effect of environment on torque strength.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to make comparative assessments of the securing or locking effect of adhesives used in threaded assemblies.  
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5.1 This test method is designed for obtaining a qualitative estimate of the compatibility of plastics and adhesives. Due to the many process variables associated with the fabrication of plastic parts, it is not possible to use this test as a substitute for compatibility tests on actual parts.  
5.2 The detection of cracks or crazes may be determined with or without optical aid. Make comparisons only among tests employing crack detection methods of equivalent sensitivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the compatibility of adhesives with plastics based on whether the adhesive causes cracking of stressed samples.  
1.2 Specimen configurations and test fixture designs are given.  
1.3 This test method is suitable for products in the form of sheet or strip. It can also be used on injection molded tensile specimens or flexural bars.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Terminology of Adhesives

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard is a compilation of definitions used in the science and technology of the adhesives industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
1.2 Any changes in this standard since 1988 are documented as follows:  
1.2.1 Appendix X1 gives a history of revisions made since 1988. Table X1.1 lists the terms that are affected as: (1) Terms Added, (2) Terms Revised, and (3) Terms Deleted.
1.2.1.1 In Table X1.1, the year of publication in Volume 15.06 is shown in parentheses following the term.  
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1.2.4 Any special circumstances not covered by 1.2.2 and 1.2.3 are documented in Table X1.1, suitably footnoted.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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