ASTM C1524-02a(2010)

Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method) (Withdrawn 2019)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Water-extractable chloride, when present in sufficient amount, has a potential to initiate or accelerate corrosion of metals, such as steel, embedded in or contacting a cementitious system, such as mortar, grout, or concrete. This test method is applicable when aggregates contain a high background of naturally occurring chloride (see ACI 222.1–96 ). Test Method C1152/C1152M determines acid-soluble chloride and Test Method C1218/C1218M determines water-soluble chloride. Both Test Methods C1152/C1152M and C1218/C1218M pulverize the sample to a fine powder or fine granular material. The Soxhlet method is intended to use nonpulverized material. Results with some aggregates have shown that the Soxhlet procedure extracts an extremely low amount of chloride, with most of it remaining in the rock, and therefore, it is not available for corrosion.
The Soxhlet extraction apparatus consists of three sections: the boiling flask, which contains reagent water at the beginning of the test; the extractor, which contains the sample inside a thimble; and, the condenser. The extractor functions by boiling the water, which condenses and drips on to the sample. When the water attains a fixed height above the sample, the extractor siphons the water from the thimble back to the boiling flask. The process repeats itself until the test is terminated. (Refer to Fig. 1.)
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides procedures for sampling and analysis of aggregate for water-extractable chloride using a Soxhlet extractor.
Note 1—This test method is to be used when significantly high chloride content has been found in aggregates, concretes, or mortars.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method provided procedures for sampling and analysis of aggregate for water-extractable chloride using a Soxhlet extractor.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates, this test method was withdrawn in January 2019 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2010
• Withdrawal Date: 15-Jan-2019
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.69 - Miscellaneous Tests

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1524-02a - Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1524 − 02a (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Test Method for
1
Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1524; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope Steel in Mortar and Concrete Using the Soxhlet Extractor
1.1 This test method provides procedures for sampling and
3. Significance and Use
analysis of aggregate for water-extractable chloride using a
3.1 Water-extractable chloride, when present in sufficient
Soxhlet extractor.
amount, has a potential to initiate or accelerate corrosion of
NOTE1—Thistestmethodistobeusedwhensignificantlyhighchloride
metals, such as steel, embedded in or contacting a cementitious
content has been found in aggregates, concretes, or mortars.
system, such as mortar, grout, or concrete. This test method is
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
applicable when aggregates contain a high background of
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
naturally occurring chloride (seeACI 222.1–96 ). Test Method
standard.
C1152/C1152M determines acid-soluble chloride and Test
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Method C1218/C1218M determines water-soluble chloride.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Both Test Methods C1152/C1152M and C1218/C1218M pul-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
verize the sample to a fine powder or fine granular material.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
The Soxhlet method is intended to use nonpulverized material.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Results with some aggregates have shown that the Soxhlet
procedure extracts an extremely low amount of chloride, with
2. Referenced Documents
most of it remaining in the rock, and therefore, it is not
2
available for corrosion.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic 3.2 The Soxhlet extraction apparatus consists of three sec-
Cement
tions: the boiling flask, which contains reagent water at the
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements beginning of the test; the extractor, which contains the sample
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
insideathimble;and,thecondenser.Theextractorfunctionsby
C1152/C1152M Test Method for Acid-Soluble Chloride in boiling the water, which condenses and drips on to the sample.
Mortar and Concrete
When the water attains a fixed height above the sample, the
C1218/C1218M Test Method for Water-Soluble Chloride in extractorsiphonsthewaterfromthethimblebacktotheboiling
Mortar and Concrete
flask. The process repeats itself until the test is terminated.
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates (Refer to Fig. 1.)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
4. Apparatus
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
Sieves
4.1 Sampling Equipment:
4.1.1 The apparatus required for obtaining aggregate
2.2 American Concrete Institute Standard:
ACI 222.1–96 Provisional Standard Test Method for Water- samples is described in Practice D75.
Soluble Chloride Available for Corrosion of Embedded
4.2 Sampling Processing Apparatus, the same as in Test
Method C1218/C1218M without pulverization.
4.3 Soxhlet Extractor Apparatus, shall have the following
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
minimum size and consist of the following (see Fig. 1).
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.3.1 Reflux-Type Condenser, with a 34/45-mm ground-
C09.69 on Miscellaneous Tests.
glass fitting to the extractor, and having a 27-mm inside
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published March 2011. Originally
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C1524 – 02a. DOI:
diameter by a 192-mm body length.
10.1520/C1524-02AR10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
the ASTM website. Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1524 − 02a (2010)
FIG. 1 Soxhlet Extraction Apparatus
4.3.2 Soxhlet Extraction Tube, with a 34/45-mm ground- 5. Reagents
glass fitting to the condenser and a 24/40-mm ground-glass
5.1 The reagents r
...