ASTM D5181-09(2017)

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Printed Matter by the GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Abrasion resistance during transport and storage is essential to prevent marring of type matter, designs, or protective coatings on the exterior of labels and other printed materials. Recognizing that the actual amount of abrasion occurring in the field depends on relative humidity, temperature, tightness of packing, and a host of other variables, this test method provides a rapid means for comparing the abrasion resistance of test surfaces under laboratory conditions. It is useful for specification acceptance between the supplier and the customer.  
5.2 This test method can also be used to evaluate the relative abrasion resistance of printed inks, varnishes, laminates and substrates, and the abrasiveness of inks.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the abrasion resistance of printed matter using a GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to packaging labels, book, catalog, and magazine covers, bar codes, corrugated boxes, and other containers having applied graphics on any flat substrate. It is not recommended for powder coatings.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2017
• ICS: 37.100.10 - Reproduction equipment
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.56 - Printing Inks

Relations

• Referred By: ASTM D7188-05(2019) - Standard Terminology for Printing Inks, Materials, and Processes
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5181 − 09 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Printed Matter by the GA-CAT
1
Comprehensive Abrasion Tester
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5181; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.2 abrasiveness, n—the degree to which a product tends
to cause abrasion by the act of rubbing or scraping.
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining
3.1.3 receptor, n—film or paper of standard abrasiveness
the abrasion resistance of printed matter using a GA-CAT
onto which material removed from the specimen is deposited
Comprehensive Abrasion Tester.
during the abrasion testing process.
1.2 Thistestmethodisapplicabletopackaginglabels,book,
catalog,andmagazinecovers,barcodes,corrugatedboxes,and
4. Summary of Test Method
other containers having applied graphics on any flat substrate.
4.1 The test print and a receptor are sandwiched in the panel
It is not recommended for powder coatings.
holder of the GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester,
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
clamped together with a known force, and made to slide over
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
each other at a known frequency and over a known distance for
only.
a predetermined time period.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 The test specimen is examined for degree of print
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
degradation and the receptor for amount of ink or other
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
material transferred from the specimen surface.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
5.1 Abrasion resistance during transport and storage is
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
essential to prevent marring of type matter, designs, or protec-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tive coatings on the exterior of labels and other printed
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
materials. Recognizing that the actual amount of abrasion
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
occurring in the field depends on relative humidity,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
temperature,tightnessofpacking,andahostofothervariables,
this test method provides a rapid means for comparing the
2. Referenced Documents
abrasionresistanceoftestsurfacesunderlaboratoryconditions.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
It is useful for specification acceptance between the supplier
E171 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier
and the customer.
Packaging
5.2 Thistestmethodcanalsobeusedtoevaluatetherelative
3. Terminology
abrasion resistance of printed inks, varnishes, laminates and
substrates, and the abrasiveness of inks.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 abrasion resistance, n—resistance against the act of
6. Apparatus
scraping, smudging, or rubbing off.
6.1 GA-CAT Comprehensive Abrasion Tester.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
7. Materials
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks.
7.1 Receptors, can be an unprinted sheet of the same
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. Originally
substrate or a printed sheet of the identical substrate for
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D5181 – 09. DOI:
face-to-face testing cut to approximately 102 by 114 mm (4 by
10.1520/D5181-09R17.
2 1
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 4 ⁄2 in.).
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.2 Foam Sheeting, 2 pieces, each approximately 2 mm in
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
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theASTM website. thickness and cut to 102 by 114 mm (4 by 4 ⁄2 in.).
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D5181 − 09 (2017)
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NOTE 1—Use of foam sheeting as a backing for the test specimen and
There should be space of at least ⁄2 in. between the two center
the receptor i
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