ASTM D5579-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Thermal Stability of Manual Transmission Lubricants in a Cyclic Durability Test
Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Thermal Stability of Manual Transmission Lubricants in a Cyclic Durability Test
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to evaluate automotive manual transmission fluids for thermal instability, which results in deterioration of synchronizer performance.
5.2 This test method may also be utilized in other specifications and classifications of transmission and gear lubricants such as the following:
5.2.1 (final API designation of PG-1),
5.2.2 Military Specification MIL-L-2105,
5.2.3 SAE Information Report J308 Axle and Manual Transmission Lubricants, and
5.2.4 Mack Truck GO-H Gear Lubricant Specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the thermal stability of fluids for use in heavy duty manual transmissions when operated at high temperatures.
1.2 The lubricant performance is measured by the number of shifting cycles that can be performed without failure of synchronization when the transmission is operated while continuously cycling between high and low range.
1.3 Correlation of test results with truck transmission service has not been established. However, the procedure has been shown to appropriately separate two transmission lubricants, which have shown satisfactory and unsatisfactory field performance in the trucks of one manufacturer.
1.4 Changes in this test method may be necessary due to refinements in the procedure, obsolescence of parts, or reagents, and so forth. These changes will be incorporated by Information Letters issued by the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC).2 The test method will be revised to show the content of all the letters, as issued.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5.1 Exception—When materials, products, or equipment are available only in inch-pound units, SI units are omitted.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This test method is arranged as follows:
Section
Scope
1
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Test Method
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus
6
Test Transmission
6.2
Transmission Mounts
6.3
Oil-Circulating System
6.4
Oil Return Hole
6.5
Air Pressure Controls
6.6
Drive System
6.7
Instrumentation
6.8
Thermocouple Placement
6.9
Reagents and Materials
7
Safety
8
Preparation of Apparatus
9
Cleaning of Parts
9.1
Assembly
9.2
Calibration
10
Transmission and Test Stand Calibration
10.1
Reference Oils
10.2
Reference Oil Test Frequency
10.3
Instrumentation Calibration
10.4
Shift Time Calibration
10.5
Operating Procedure
11
System Flush and Charge
11.1
Test Operation
11.2
Shut-Down Procedure
11.3
Transmission Disassembly
11.4
Determination of Test Results
12
Failure Criteria
12.1
Shifter Fork Wear
12.2
Test Validity Determination
12.3
Report
13
Precision and Bias
14
Keywords
15
Test Validity Calculations and Limits
Annex A5
HTCT Test Report Forms and Data Dictionary
Annex A6
Manual Transmission Cyclic Durability Test Parts Inspection and Wear Measurements
Annex A7
General Information
Relations
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5579 − 15
StandardTest Method for
Evaluating the Thermal Stability of Manual Transmission
1
Lubricants in a Cyclic Durability Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5579; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method is written for use by laboratories that use the portions of the test method that refer
toASTMTest Monitoring Center (TMC) services (seeAnnexA1). Laboratories that choose not to use
the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
TheTMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
the American Chemistry Council require that a laboratory use the TMC services as part of their test
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
NOTE 1—The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and hence the
Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test severity. It should also be
borne in mind that results obtained in a non calibrated test stand may not be the same as those obtained in a test stand
participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
1. Scope* Information Letters issued by the ASTM Test Monitoring
2
Center (TMC). The test method will be revised to show the
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthethermalstabilityoffluidsfor
content of all the letters, as issued.
use in heavy duty manual transmissions when operated at high
temperatures. 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
1.2 The lubricant performance is measured by the number
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
of shifting cycles that can be performed without failure of
and are not considered standard.
synchronization when the transmission is operated while con-
1.5.1 Exception—When materials, products, or equipment
tinuously cycling between high and low range.
are available only in inch-pound units, SI units are omitted.
1.3 Correlation of test results with truck transmission ser-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
vicehasnotbeenestablished.However,theprocedurehasbeen
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
shown to appropriately separate two transmission lubricants,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
which have shown satisfactory and unsatisfactory field perfor-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
mance in the trucks of one manufacturer.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 Changes in this test method may be necessary due to
1.7 This test method is arranged as follows:
refinements in the procedure, obsolescence of parts, or
reagents, and so forth. These changes will be incorporated by
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published May 2015. Originally
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D5579 – 14. DOI:
10.1520/D5579-15.
2
This edition incorporates revisions in all Information Letters through No. 14–1. ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. .
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5579 − 15
3.1.1 wear, n—the loss of material from a surface, generally
Section
Scope 1
occurring between two surfaces in relative motion, and result-
Referenced Documents 2
ing from mechanical or chemical action or a combination of
Terminology 3
both. D7422
Summary of Test Method 4
Significance and Use 5
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Apparatus 6
Test Transmission 6.2
3.2.1 dual-range transmission, n—a type of transmission in
Transmission Mounts 6.3
which the driver first shifts through all of the mainbox gear
Oil-Ci
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5579 − 14 D5579 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating the Thermal Stability of Manual Transmission
1
Lubricants in a Cyclic Durability Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5579; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method is written for use by laboratories that use the portions of the test method that refer
to ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1). Laboratories that choose not to use
the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
the American Chemistry Council require that a laboratory use the TMC services as part of their test
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
NOTE 1—The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and hence the
Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test severity. It should also be
borne in mind that results obtained in a non calibrated test stand may not be the same as those obtained in a test stand
participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the thermal stability of fluids for use in heavy duty manual transmissions when operated at high
temperatures.
1.2 The lubricant performance is measured by the number of shifting cycles that can be performed without failure of
synchronization when the transmission is operated while continuously cycling between high and low range.
1.3 Correlation of test results with truck transmission service has not been established. However, the procedure has been shown
to appropriately separate two transmission lubricants, which have shown satisfactory and unsatisfactory field performance in the
trucks of one manufacturer.
1.4 Changes in this test method may be necessary due to refinements in the procedure, obsolescence of parts, or reagents, and
2
so forth. These changes will be incorporated by Information Letters issued by the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC). The test
method will be revised to show the content of all the letters, as issued.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5.1 Exception—When materials, products, or equipment are available only in inch-pound units, SI units are omitted.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
Current edition approved May 1, 2014April 1, 2015. Published May 2014May 2015. Originally approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 20132014 as
D5579 – 13.D5579 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D5579-14.10.1520/D5579-15.
This edition incorporates revisions in all Information Letters through No. 14–1.
2
ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. This edition incorporates revisions in all Information Letters through No. 13–2.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5579 − 15
1.7 This test method is arranged as follows:
2
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
D5579 − 15
Section
Scope 1
Referen
...
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