ASTM D4756-06
(Practice)Standard Practice for Installation of Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding and Soffit
Standard Practice for Installation of Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding and Soffit
ABSTRACT
This practice covers the minimum requirements for and the methods of installation of rigid vinyl siding, soffits, and accessories on the exterior wall and soffit areas of buildings. This practice also covers aspects of installation relating to effectiveness and durability in service. Materials to be used in the installation shall include horizontal wall sliding, vertical wall sliding, soffit panels, accessories such as starter strip, corner posts, and trim channels, and fasteners such as nails, staples, and screws. The installation method includes the following steps: substrate, surface preparation, application of horizontal sliding, application of vertical sliding, application of soffits and fascia and applicaton of special details.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the minimum requirements for and the methods of installation of rigid vinyl siding, soffits, and accessories on the exterior wall and soffit areas of buildings. In all applications, refer also to the specific manufacturer's instructions for installation.
1.2 This practice covers aspects of installation relating to effectiveness and durability in service.
1.3 The various application systems are located in the following sections of this practice:Substrate, Surface PreparationSection Application of Horizontal SidingSection Application of Vertical SidingSection Application of Soffits and FasciaSection Special DetailsSection
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1
There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4756 − 06 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Practice for
Installation of Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Siding and
Soffit
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4756; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D4477 Specification for Rigid (Unplasticized) Poly(Vinyl
Chloride) (PVC) Soffit
1.1 This practice covers the minimum requirements for and
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
the methods of installation of rigid vinyl siding, soffits, and
E2112 Practice for Installation of Exterior Windows, Doors
accessories on the exterior wall and soffit areas of buildings. In
and Skylights
all applications, refer also to the specific manufacturer’s
instructions for installation.
3. Terminology
1.2 This practice covers aspects of installation relating to
3.1 General—DefinitionsareinaccordancewithTerminolo-
effectiveness and durability in service.
gies D883 and E631 and abbreviations with Terminology
1.3 The various application systems are located in the
D1600 unless otherwise indicated.
following sections of this practice:
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Substrate, Surface Preparation Section 8
Application of Horizontal Siding Section 9 3.2.1 backerboard—a flat material used on the face of the
Application of Vertical Siding Section 10
house, applied between the studs and the siding (or over
Application of Soffits and Fascia Section 11
existing wall surface) to provide an even surface for the
Special Details Section 12
installation of the vinyl siding.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for 3.2.2 buttlock—the bottom of a siding or soffit panel, or
accessory piece, opposite the nail hem, which locks onto the
information only.
preceding panel.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.2.3 crimp—small protrusions, typically approximately ⁄2
1 1
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
in. (12.7 mm) long, ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) wide, and projecting ⁄8 in.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- (3.2 mm) formed by a crimper (snaplock punch). (See Fig. 2.)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.4 crimper—a special hand tool designed to form crimps
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
(snaplock ears) intended to hold partial panels in place. (See
Fig. 2.)
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.5 face nail—the action of fastening directly on to the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
“face,” or exposed surface, of a panel (instead of using the nail
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
slot).
D1600 Terminology forAbbreviatedTerms Relating to Plas-
3.2.6 fascia—the trim covering the ends of roof rafters. (See
tics
Fig. 1.)
D3679 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
3.2.6.1 fascia board—a board attached to the ends of the
Siding
rafters between the roofing material and the soffit overhang.
3.2.6.2 fascia cap or cover—the covering around a fascia
board.
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.24 on Plastic Building Products.
3.2.7 flashing—special membrane pieces or manufactured
Current edition approved April 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originally
trim pieces used to supplement siding panels in weather
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D4745 – 03. DOI:
10.1520/D4756-06.
protection around joints, penetrations, and openings, such as
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
windows, doors, mechanical penetrations, and roof-wall
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
intersections, designed and intended to move incidental water
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. to the building exterior.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4756 − 06
FIG. 1 Terminology for Buildings, Siding and Accessories
3.2.10 rake (roof)—the inclined, usually projecting edge of
a sloping roof.
3.2.11 rake (wall)—the board or molding placed along the
sloping sides of a gable to cover the ends of the siding.
3.2.12 snaplock ears—see crimp and Fig. 2.
3.2.13 snaplock punch—see crimper and Fig. 2.
3.2.14 soffıt—the underside surface (typically horizontal) of
roof overhangs.
3.2.15 starter strip—an accessory applied directly to the
surface of the building and used to secure the first course of
siding to the home. Starter strips can either be a part manufac-
tured for the specific purpose or created by cutting the nailing
hem and adjacent lock from a siding panel.
3.2.16 undersill trim (utility trim)—an accessory strip used
to receive and hold the crimped edge of horizontal or vertical
siding that has had its normal lock removed.
3.2.17 zip tool (unlocking tool)—a special hand tool used to
separate interlocked siding panels. (See Fig. 2.)
4. Delivery of Materials
4.1 All manufactured materials shall be delivered in the
FIG. 2 Siding Installation Tools
original packages, containers, or bundles bearing the size or
type product, or both, brand name, and manufacturer (or
supplier) identification, manufacturer’s lot number, and the
3.2.8 furring/furring strip—a wooden or steel framing
ASTM specification to which it conforms.
material, usually a nominal 1 by 2 in. (25.4 by 50.8 mm) used
to even the surface in preparation for installation of siding. To
5. Protection of Materials
“fur” a surface means to apply these strips.
3.2.9 nailslot punch—aspecialhandtoolusedtocreateslots 5.1 Do not store in any location or in any manner where the
forattachmentoffield-modifiedsidingoraccessories.(SeeFig. temperature of the siding, soffit or accessories is likely to
3.) exceed 130°F (54°C).
D4756 − 06
FIG. 3 Typical Siding Profiles
5.2 Store the cartons on a flat surface and support the entire 7.4.2 Corner Posts—Oftwotypes:forinsidecornersandfor
length of the cartons.
outside corners of poly(vinyl chloride).
7.4.3 Trim Channels—Produced of poly(vinyl chloride) in a
5.3 Store the cartons away from areas where falling objects
or other construction activity could impact the cartons. Keep variety of designs and sizes for use around openings and edges
the cartons dry. of wall and soffit surfaces. (See Fig. 5.)
5.4 Do not store the cartons in stacks more than 12 boxes
7.5 Fasteners:
high.
7.5.1 Nails—Corrosion-resistant with head diameter ⁄16 in.
(7.9 mm) minimum, shank diameter ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm), length
6. Environmental Conditions
sufficient to penetrate not less than ⁄4 in. (19 mm) into framing
6.1 Vinyl siding and accessories will expand when heated
or furring.
and contract when cooled. If siding is installed in hot weather
7.5.2 Staples—Corrosion-resistant, 16 gage minimum, with
and the siding is very warm it will be partially “expanded.”
3 1
⁄8 to ⁄2-in. (9.5 to 12.7-mm) crown, length sufficient to
Provide allowance for more future “contraction” than expan-
penetrate not less than ⁄4 in. (19 mm) into framing or furring.
sion.
7.5.3 Screws—Corrosion resistant, self-tapping type, No. 8
6.2 Leave ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) clearance between the ends of
truss head or pan head length sufficient to penetrate wall
panels and trim and any receiver such as J-channels and corner
thickness of steel stud or ⁄4 in. into framing or furring.
posts to allow for thermal expansion. If installing during
weather colder than 40°F (4.4°C), increase the minimum
NOTE2—Tominimizethepossibilityofanycolorvariationusematerial
clearance to ⁄8 in. (9.5 mm) to allow for additional expansion
from a single manufacturer’s lot number for application to one building.
during warmer weather.
8. Substrate, Surface Preparation
7. Materials
8.1 Weather-resistant Barrier—Vinyl siding must be in-
7.1 Horizontal Wall Siding—See Specification D3679.
stalled over a weather-resistant barrier system that includes (1)
7.2 Vertical Wall Siding—See Specification D3679
a continuous weather-resistant material, and (2) properly inte-
7.3 Soffıt Panels—See Specification D4477.
grated flashing around all penetrations and where vinyl siding
interfaces with other building products. Refer to the vinyl
7.4 Accessories:
siding manufacturer’s installation instructions and the mini-
7.4.1 Starter Strip—Of two types: for horizontal siding and
for vertical siding of poly(vinyl chloride) or corrosion-resistant mum requirements of the local building code for specific
metal. product applications and requirements.
FIG. 4 Typical Soffit Profiles
D4756 − 06
9. Application of Horizontal Siding
9.1 General Requirements—Vinyl siding and accessories
expand and contract as much as ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) over a 12 ft
(3.65 m) length with changes in temperature. For this reason
adhere to the following provisions:
9.1.1 When applied, vinyl siding products must be attached
“loosely,” leaving approximately a ⁄32-in. (0.8-mm) space
between the vinyl and the fastener head or crown to permit
thermal movement. (See Fig. 6.)
9.1.2 Center fasteners in slots of siding and accessories to
permit possible expansion and contraction. (See Fig. 7.)
9.1.3 Do not face nail siding panels. (See Fig. 8.)
9.1.4 Allow clearance at panel ends for thermal expansion
between corner posts, J-channels, and other receivers in
accordance with 6.2.
9.2 Installation of Accessories—Accessories, including
starter strips, corner posts and door/window trim, are installed
prior to application of the siding, adhering to the provisions of
9.1 and those which follow.
9.2.1 Starter Strip—Determine the lowest point along the
area to receive siding and install starter strips located so that
the bottom edge of the initial course of siding will be on a level
line and typically approximately ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) below that
FIG. 5 Typical Siding Accessories
point. Allow space for corner posts, J-channels, etc., and keep
1 1
ends of starter strips ⁄4 to ⁄2 in. (6.4 to 12.7 mm) apart. Space
fasteners not more than 10 in. (254 mm) apart, centered in nail
8.2 All caulking to prevent moisture penetration must be
slots.
donebeforesidingapplication.Donotusecaulkwhereitcould
9.2.2 Corner Posts—Outside and inside corner posts will
restrict the normal expansion of the vinyl siding.
1 3
start ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) below the top, and end ⁄4 in. (19.1 mm)
8.3 Apply vinyl siding over sheathing or other solid surface
below the bottom edge of the first course of siding which will
that provides a smooth, flat surface. Do not apply vinyl siding
be installed later. Attach each leg of the corner posts with
directly to studs without sheathing. If permitted by the vinyl
fasteners, spaced not over 12 in (305 mm) apart centered in
siding manufacturer, a contoured foam underlayment fitted for
nailing slots except the top fastener that is located at the upper
the specific style of vinyl siding is permitted to be utilized.
end of a nailing slot.
Apply over wood furring strips when the underlying surface is
9.2.2.1 If more than one length of corner post is required,
uneven.
lap the upper piece over the lower piece by cutting away 1 in.
(25.4 mm) of the nailing flange on the top piece. Lap ⁄4 in. (19
8.4 Drive fasteners into framing or furring. Driving of
mm) allowing ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) for expansion. (See Fig. 9.)
fasteners directly into sheathing or existing siding is permitted
9.2.2.2 As an alternative for inside corners, install two
in accordance with the siding manufacturer’s instructions,
J-channels with the web of one abutting the adjacent wall and
where substantiated by windload testing conducted in accor-
the web of the other J-channel abutting the shorter outer flange
dance with Specification D3679.
of the first J-channel. Attach as specified in 9.1.1.
8.5 On existing structures, secure any loose boards, replace
9.2.3 Door/Window Trim:
any rotted ones, recaulk around windows, doors, and other
9.2.3.1 Install flashing around windows and doors in accor-
areas as necessary to protect from moisture penetration prior to
dance with 8.1 and 8.6 before installing trim.
the installation of siding or accessories. Use furring as needed
9.2.3.2 J-channel is installed on each side and the top of
to create an even surface.
door and window frames, and under window sills. Always
8.6 Flashing—Refer to Practice E2112 for installation of
install the bottom J-channel first, followed by the side
flashing around windows, doors, penetrations and points of
channels, and then the top channel.
interface between the vinyl siding and other building compo-
nents. If available, also refer to the instructions provided by the
manufacturer of the window, door, or other object that will
penetrate the siding.
8.7 Furring—Masonry and uneven surfaces, as examples,
require wood furring strips nominal 1 by 2 in. (25.4 by 50.8
mm) applied vertically and typically spaced 16 in. (406 mm)
on center for horizontal siding and applied horizontally and
typically spaced 12 in. (305 mm) on center for vertical siding. FIG. 6 Attachment of Vinyl Siding
D4756 − 06
FIG. 7 Fastening Location in Siding Slots
FIG. 10 Installation of Bottom and Side J-Channels under Win-
FIG. 8 Face Nailing of Vinyl Siding Prohibited
dow (for clarity, 45 degree miter of side J-channel is
not shown)
FIG. 9 Joining Corner Posts
9.2.3.3 Extend the bottom and top J-channel the length of
the window frame plus the width of the visible face of the side
FIG. 11 Installation of Top and Side J-Channels Above Window
J-channels (typically ⁄4 in. (19 mm)) on each side. Extend the
or Door (note mitered face of top J-channel)
sideJ-channelstheheightofthewindowordoorframeplusthe
width of the visible face of the top and bottom J-channels.
(See Fig. 13.) When lapping, place factory-cut ends of panels
9.2.3.4 In the bottom J-channel, cut a notch in the web at
on top of field-cut ends for best appearance.
each end the width of the visible face of the side J-channel. In
9.3.2 Engage the bottom of the first panel and the starter
both side J-channels, cut a notch at the top end and a tab at the
strip. If backerboard insulation is used, drop it in behind the
bottom end. Miter the bottom ends of the visible face of the
panel now. Make sure the panel is l
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