ASTM D3361/D3361M-22
(Practice)Standard Practice for Unfiltered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings
Standard Practice for Unfiltered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The ability of a paint or coating to resist deterioration of its physical and optical properties caused by exposure to light, heat, and water can be very significant for many applications. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.
4.2 Cautions—Variation in results may be expected when different operating conditions are used. Therefore, no reference to the use of this practice shall be made unless accompanied by a report prepared according to Section 10 that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained according to this practice.
Note 1: Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution, and data analysis of laboratory accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.
4.2.1 The spectral power distribution of light from an unfiltered open-flame carbon arc is significantly different from that produced in light and water exposure devices using other carbon-arc configurations or other light sources. The type and rate of degradation and the performance rankings produced by exposures to unfiltered open-flame carbon-arcs can be much different from that produced by exposures to other types of laboratory light sources. Typically, exposures conducted according to this practice will produce degradation faster than similar exposures conducted in accordance with Practice D822/D822M or D5031/D5031M and may cause different types of degradation.
4.2.2 Interlaboratory comparisons are valid only when all laboratories use the same type of carbon-arc and exposure conditions.
4.3 Reproducibility of test resu...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in unfiltered open-flame carbon-arc devices conducted according to Practice G151 and G152. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions suited for coatings, and the evaluation of test results.
1.2 This practice covers unfiltered open-flame carbon-arc exposures of paints and related coatings, and covers the exposure cycle that has been commonly referred to as the “dew cycle.” Practice D822/D822M describes filtered open-flame carbon-arc devices, and Practice D5031/D5031M describes enclosed carbon-arc exposures. The radiation from an unfiltered open-flame carbon arc produces shorter wavelengths and higher levels of short wavelength radiation than either filtered open-flame or enclosed carbon arcs.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D3361/D3361M −22
Standard Practice for
Unfiltered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and
1
Related Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3361/D3361M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for
D358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in
acceleratedexposuretestingofcoatingsandrelatedproductsin
3
Weathering Tests of Coatings (Withdrawn 2014)
unfiltered open-flame carbon-arc devices conducted according
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
to Practice G151 and G152. This practice also covers the
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
preparation of test specimens, the test conditions suited for
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and
coatings, and the evaluation of test results.
Related Coating Products
1.2 This practice covers unfiltered open-flame carbon-arc
D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted
exposures of paints and related coatings, and covers the
Steel Surfaces
exposure cycle that has been commonly referred to as the “dew
D659 Method for Evaluating Degree of Chalking of Exterior
3
cycle.” Practice D822/D822M describes filtered open-flame
Paints (Withdrawn 1990)
carbon-arc devices, and Practice D5031/D5031M describes
D660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of
enclosed carbon-arc exposures. The radiation from an unfil-
Exterior Paints
tered open-flame carbon arc produces shorter wavelengths and
D662 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Erosion of
higher levels of short wavelength radiation than either filtered
Exterior Paints
open-flame or enclosed carbon arcs.
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
Paints
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
D772 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Flaking (Scal-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
ing) of Exterior Paints
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
D822/D822M Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings
used independently of the other, and values from the two
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
systems shall not be combined.
of Paint, Coatings and Related Products on Test Panels
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
3
a Ferrous Base (Withdrawn 2006)
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D1400 TestMethodforNondestructiveMeasurementofDry
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3
Nonferrous Metal Base (Withdrawn 2006)
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D1730 Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for Painting
1 2
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved June 1, 2022. Published June 2022. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D3361/D3361M – 13 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
(2018). DOI: 10.1520/D3361_D3361M-22. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3361/D3361M − 13 (Reapproved 2018) D3361/D3361M − 22
Standard Practice for
Unfiltered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and
1
Related Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3361/D3361M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in
unfiltered open-flame carbon-arc devices conducted according to Practice G151 and G152. This practice also covers the
preparation of test specimens, the test conditions suited for coatings, and the evaluation of test results.
1.2 This practice covers unfiltered open-flame carbon-arc exposures of paints and related coatings, and covers the exposure cycle
that has been commonly referred to as the “dew cycle.” Practice D822/D822M describes filtered open-flame carbon-arc devices,
and Practice D5031/D5031M describes enclosed carbon-arc exposures. The radiation from an unfiltered open-flame carbon arc
produces shorter wavelengths and higher levels of short wavelength radiation than either filtered open-flame or enclosed carbon
arcs.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D358 Specification for Wood to Be Used as Panels in Weathering Tests of Coatings (Withdrawn 2014)
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and Related Coating
Products
D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted Steel Surfaces
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018June 1, 2022. Published September 2018June 2022. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20132018 as
D3361/D3361M – 13.D3361/D3361M – 13 (2018). DOI: 10.1520/D3361_D3361M-13R18.10.1520/D3361_D3361M-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D3361/D3361M − 22
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D659 Method for Evaluating Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paints (Withdrawn 1990)
D660 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Checking of Exterior Paints
D662 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Erosion of Exterior Paints
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints
D772 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Flaking (Scaling) of Exterior Paints
D822/D822M Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings
D823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness of Paint, Coatings and Related Products on Test Panels
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to a Ferrous
3
Base (Withdrawn 2006)
D1400 Test Me
...
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