ASTM D1666-87(2004)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Conducting Machining Tests of Wood and Wood-Base Materials
Standard Test Methods for Conducting Machining Tests of Wood and Wood-Base Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Machining tests are made to determine the working qualities and characteristics of different species of wood and of different wood and wood-base materials under a variety of machine operations such as are encountered in commercial manufacturing practice. The tests provide a systematic basis for comparing the behavior of different species with respect to woodworking machine operations and of evaluating their potential suitability for certain uses where these properties are of prime importance.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for planing, shaping, turning, mortising, boring, and sanding, all of which are common wood-working operations used in the manufacture of wood products. These tests apply, in different degrees, to two general classes of materials:
1.1.1 Wood in the form of lumber, and
1.1.2 Wood-base panel materials.
1.2 Because of the importance of planing, some of the variables that affect the results of this operation are explored with a view to determining optimum conditions. In most of the other tests, however, it is necessary to limit the work to one set of fairly typical commercial conditions in which all the different woods are treated alike.
1.3 Several factors enter into any complete appraisal of the machining properties of a given wood. Quality of finished surface is recommended as the basis for evaluation of machining properties. Rate of dulling of cutting tools and power consumed in cutting are also important considerations but are beyond the scope of these test methods.
1.4 Although the methods presented include the results of progressive developments in the evaluation of machining properties, further improvements may be anticipated. For example, by present procedures, quality of the finished surface is evaluated by visual inspection, but as new mechanical or physical techniques become available that will afford improved precision of evaluation, they should be employed.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D1666– 87(Reapproved 2004)
Standard Test Methods for
Conducting Machining Tests of Wood and Wood-Base
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1666; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
One of the significant characteristics of wood is the facility with which it can be machined and
fabricated. Different species, however, vary greatly in their behavior under cutting tools, so that some
systematic method is needed for determining their suitability for uses where the character of the
machined surface is of prime importance. Such uses include cabinetwork, millwork, and other
products where favorable machining properties are essential to good finish. For such products as
common boards, on the other hand, good machining properties are secondary, although still an asset.
The machining test procedures presented in these test methods cover such common operations as
planing, shaping, turning, boring, mortising, and sanding. They are the result of many years of
extensive research and development and include practical methods for qualitatively evaluating and
interpreting the results. Because of their satisfactory use with a wide range of materials, it is believed
that the methods are equally applicable to species, hardwoods and softwoods, and to wood-base
materials, such as plywood, particleboard, and hardboard.
1. Scope 1.4 Although the methods presented include the results of
progressive developments in the evaluation of machining
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for planing, shap-
properties, further improvements may be anticipated. For
ing, turning, mortising, boring, and sanding, all of which are
example, by present procedures, quality of the finished surface
common wood-working operations used in the manufacture of
is evaluated by visual inspection, but as new mechanical or
wood products. These tests apply, in different degrees, to two
physicaltechniquesbecomeavailablethatwillaffordimproved
general classes of materials:
precision of evaluation, they should be employed.
1.1.1 Wood in the form of lumber, and
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
1.1.2 Wood-base panel materials.
as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units
1.2 Because of the importance of planing, some of the
may be approximate.
variables that affect the results of this operation are explored
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
with a view to determining optimum conditions. In most of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
other tests, however, it is necessary to limit the work to one set
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of fairly typical commercial conditions in which all the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
different woods are treated alike.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 Several factors enter into any complete appraisal of the
machining properties of a given wood. Quality of finished
2. Definitions and Descriptions of Terms
surface is recommended as the basis for evaluation of machin-
2.1 A number of special terms relating to wood and to
ing properties. Rate of dulling of cutting tools and power
machiningareusedindescribingtheproceduresforthevarious
consumed in cutting are also important considerations but are
machining studies. Definitions and descriptions of a number of
beyond the scope of these test methods.
the important terms used are presented in Appendix X1.
3. Significance and Use
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These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on
Wood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on Fundamental
3.1 Machining tests are made to determine the working
Test Methods and Properties.
qualities and characteristics of different species of wood and of
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2004. Published October 2004. Originally
different wood and wood-base materials under a variety of
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D1666 – 87 (1999).
DOI: 10.1520/D1666-87R04. machine operations such as are encountered in commercial
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D1666– 87 (2004)
manufacturing practice. The tests provide a systematic basis kinds of wood, the density, and the amount and kind of binder
for comparing the behavior of different species with respect to should be known and made part of the record. Particleboard
woodworking mach
...
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