ASTM F2218-02(2015)

Standard Guide for Hardware Implementation for Computerized Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide is aimed at providing a general understanding of the various types of hardware devices that form the core of information processing systems for ship and marine use. Ship and marine information processing systems require specific devices in order to perform automated tasks in a specialized environment. In addition to providing information services for each individual installation, these devices are often networked and are capable of supplementary functions that benefits ship and marine operations.  
3.2 A variety of choices exists for deployment of information processing devices and greatly increases the complexity of the selection task for ship and marine systems. The choice of a particular device or system cannot be made solely on the singular requirements of one application or function. Modern information processing systems are usually installed in a complex environment where systems must be made to interact with each other. Ship and marine installations add an even further layer of complexity to the process of choosing adequate computerized systems. This guide aims to alleviate this task by giving users specific choices that are proven technologies that perform in a complex environment.  
3.3 Hardware resources used in ship and marine installations are a result of careful consideration of utility and function. These resources may require some physical specialization in order to inhabit a particular environment, but they are in no way different from equipment used in shore-based situations. Ship and marine computer system configurations, interconnections, and support services are essentially the same as those found in a land-based network environment and as a result, the skill sets of ship and marine information processing system users, administrators, and support personnel are interchangeable with those of shore-based activities.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides assistance in the choice of computing hardware resources for ship and marine environments and describes:  
1.1.1 The core characteristics of interoperable systems that can be incorporated into accepted concepts such as the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model;  
1.1.2 Process-based models, such as the Technical Reference Model (TRM), that rely on interoperable computing hardware resources to provide the connection between the operator, network, application, and information; and,  
1.1.3 The integrated architecture that can be used to meet minimum information processing requirements for ship and marine environments.  
1.2 The use of models such as OSI and TRM provide a structured method for design and implementation of practical shipboard information processing systems and provides planners and architects with a roadmap that can be easily understood and conveyed to implementers. The use of such models permit functional capabilities to be embodied within concrete systems and equipment.  
1.3 The information provided in this guide is understood to represent a set of concepts and technologies that have, over time, evolved into accepted standards that are proven in various functional applications. However, the one universal notion that still remains from the earliest days of information processing is that technological change is inevitable. Accordingly, the user of this guide must understand that such progress may rapidly invalidate or supersede the information contained herein. Nonetheless, the concept of implementing ship and marine computing systems based on these functional principles allows for logical and rational development and provides a sound process for eventual upgrade and improvement.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2015
• ICS: 35.160 - Microprocessor systems
• ICS: 47.020.01 - General standards related to shipbuilding and marine structures
• Technical Committee: F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
• Drafting Committee: F25.05 - Computer Applications

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F2218 − 02 (Reapproved 2015) An American National Standard
Standard Guide for
1
Hardware Implementation for Computerized Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2218; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This guide provides assistance in the choice of comput-
E1013 Terminology Relating to Computerized Systems
ing hardware resources for ship and marine environments and
3
(Withdrawn 2000)
describes:
F1757GuideforDigitalCommunicationProtocolsforCom-
1.1.1 The core characteristics of interoperable systems that
puterized Systems
can be incorporated into accepted concepts such as the Open
4
2.2 ANSI Standards:
System Interconnection (OSI) model;
X3.131Information Systems—Small Computer Systems
1.1.2 Process-based models, such as the Technical Refer-
Interface-2 (SCSI-2)
ence Model (TRM), that rely on interoperable computing
X3.172American National Standard Dictionary for Infor-
hardware resources to provide the connection between the
mation Systems
operator, network, application, and information; and,
X3.230 Information Systems—Fibre Channel—Physical
and Signaling Interface (FC-PH)
1.1.3 The integrated architecture that can be used to meet
minimum information processing requirements for ship and X3.232Information Technology—SCSI-2 Common Access
Method Transport and SCSI Interface Module
marine environments.
X3.253 Information Systems—SCSI-3 Parallel Interface
1.2 The use of models such as OSI and TRM provide a
(SPI)
structured method for design and implementation of practical
X3.269Information Technology—Fibre Channel Protocol
shipboard information processing systems and provides plan-
for SCSI
ners and architects with a roadmap that can be easily under-
X3.270 Information Technology—SCSI-3 Architecture
stood and conveyed to implementers. The use of such models
Model (SAM)
permit functional capabilities to be embodied within concrete
X3.276Information Technology—SCSI-3 Controller Com-
systems and equipment.
mands (SCC)
X3.277Information Technology—SCSI-3 Fast-20
1.3 The information provided in this guide is understood to
X3.292Information Technology—SCSI-3 Interlocked Pro-
represent a set of concepts and technologies that have, over
tocol (SIP)
time, evolved into accepted standards that are proven in
X3.294 Information Technology—Serial Storage
various functional applications. However, the one universal
Architecture—SCSI-2 Protocol (SSA-S2P)
notion that still remains from the earliest days of information
X3.297 Information Systems—Fibre Channel—Physical
processing is that technological change is inevitable.
and Signaling Interface-2 (FC-PH2)
Accordingly, the user of this guide must understand that such
X3.301Information Technology—SCSI-3 Primary Com-
progress may rapidly invalidate or supersede the information
mands (SPC)
contained herein. Nonetheless, the concept of implementing
X3.304 Information Technology—SCSI-3 Multimedia
ship and marine computing systems based on these functional
Commands (MMC)
principles allows for logical and rational development and
MS58Information Technology—Standard Recommended
provides a sound process for eventual upgrade and improve-
Practice for Implementation of Small Computer Systems
ment.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.05 on the ASTM website.
3
Computer Applications. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally www.astm.org.
4
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F2218–08. DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/F2218-02R15. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.A
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2218 − 02 (2015)
Interface (SCSI-2), (X3.131.1994) for Scanners information processing systems are usually installed in a
NCITS 306 Information Technology—Serial Storage complex environment where systems must be made to interact
Architecture—SCSI-3 Protocol (SSA-S3P) with each other. Ship and marine installations add an even
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2218 − 02 (Reapproved 2008) F2218 − 02 (Reapproved 2015)An American National Standard
Standard Guide for
1
Hardware Implementation for Computerized Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2218; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide provides assistance in the choice of computing hardware resources for ship and marine environments and
describes:
1.1.1 The core characteristics of interoperable systems that can be incorporated into accepted concepts such as the Open System
Interconnection (OSI) model;
1.1.2 Process-based models, such as the Technical Reference Model (TRM), that rely on interoperable computing hardware
resources to provide the connection between the operator, network, application, and information; and,
1.1.3 The integrated architecture that can be used to meet minimum information processing requirements for ship and marine
environments.
1.2 The use of models such as OSI and TRM provide a structured method for design and implementation of practical shipboard
information processing systems and provides planners and architects with a roadmap that can be easily understood and conveyed
to implementers. The use of such models permit functional capabilities to be embodied within concrete systems and equipment.
1.3 The information provided in this guide is understood to represent a set of concepts and technologies that have, over time,
evolved into accepted standards that are proven in various functional applications. However, the one universal notion that still
remains from the earliest days of information processing is that technological change is inevitable. Accordingly, the user of this
guide must understand that such progress may rapidly invalidate or supersede the information contained herein. Nonetheless, the
concept of implementing ship and marine computing systems based on these functional principles allows for logical and rational
development and provides a sound process for eventual upgrade and improvement.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
E1013 Terminology Relating to Computerized Systems (Withdrawn 2000)
F1757 Guide for Digital Communication Protocols for Computerized Systems
4
2.2 ANSI Standards:
X3.131 Information Systems—Small Computer Systems Interface-2 (SCSI-2)
X3.172 American National Standard Dictionary for Information Systems
X3.230 Information Systems—Fibre Channel—Physical and Signaling Interface (FC-PH)
X3.232 Information Technology—SCSI-2 Common Access Method Transport and SCSI Interface Module
X3.253 Information Systems—SCSI-3 Parallel Interface (SPI)
X3.269 Information Technology—Fibre Channel Protocol for SCSI
X3.270 Information Technology—SCSI-3 Architecture Model (SAM)
X3.276 Information Technology—SCSI-3 Controller Commands (SCC)
X3.277 Information Technology—SCSI-3 Fast-20
X3.292 Information Technology—SCSI-3 Interlocked Protocol (SIP)
X3.294 Information Technology—Serial Storage Architecture—SCSI-2 Protocol (SSA-S2P)
X3.297 Information Systems—Fibre Channel—Physical and Signaling Interface-2 (FC-PH2)
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.05 on Computer
Applications.
Current edition approved May 1, 2008May 1, 2015. Published July 2008June 2015. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 as
F2218 - 02.F2218 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/F2218-02R08.10.1520/F2218-02R15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.A
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2218 − 02 (2015)
X3.301 Information Technology—SCSI-3 Primary Commands (SPC)
X3.304 Information Technology—SCSI-3 Multimedia Commands (MMC)
MS58 Information Technology—Standard Recommended
...