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ASTM F1312-90(2002)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay

Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers one type of thermal insulating brick for use as backup insulation for refractory furnace linings of boiler furnaces.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units in parentheses are for information purposes only and may be approximate.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Aug-1990
ICS
81.080 - Refractories
Technical Committee
F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
Drafting Committee
F25.07 - General Requirements
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM F1312-90(2007) - Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay
Effective Date
01-May-2007

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ASTM F1312-90(2002) - Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire ClayASTM F1312-90(2002) - Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay
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ASTM F1312-90(2002) - Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay
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Standards Content (Sample)

An American National Standard
Designation: F 1312 – 90 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Specification for
1
Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1312; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope MIL-STD-147 Palletized Unit Load 40 Inch by 48 Inch
4-Way (Partial) Pallet Skids, Runners, or Pallet Type
1.1 This specification covers one type of thermal insulating
4
Base
brick for use as backup insulation for refractory furnace linings
of boiler furnaces.
3. Ordering Information
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
as standard. The SI units in parentheses are for information
the following information as necessary to describe the material
purposes only and may be approximate.
adequately:
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
3.1.2 Dimensions required (see 6.1), and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.3 Optional requirements, if any (see S1 through S3).
C 93 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-
2
lus of Rupture of Insulating Firebrick
4. Material and Manufacture
C 134 Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements,
4.1 Bricks shall be composed of heat-resistant materials
and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating
3 which have been burned or fired to produce the desired density,
Firebrick
strength, and structure.
C 210 Test Method for Reheat Change of Insulating Fire-
3
brick
5. Physical and Mechanical Properties
2.2 Federal Specifications:
3
4 5.1 The average bulk density shall not exceed 45.0 lb/ft
PPP-B-601 Boxes, Wood, Cleated-Plywood
3
4 (720 kg/m ) (see 9.2).
PPP-B-621 Boxes, Wood, Nailed and Lock Corner
4 5.2 The modulus of rupture shall average not less than 100
PPP-B-636 Box, Fireboard
psi (700 kPa) (see 9.3).
2.3 Military Specification:
5.3 Bricks shall show an average reheat change of not more
MIL-L-10547 Liners, Case, and Sheet, Overwrap; Vapor-
4 than 1 % when heated at 2450°F (1343°C) (see 9.4).
proof or Waterproof, Flexible
2.4 Military Standards:
6. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
MIL-STD-105 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspec-
6.1 Insulating brick shall be furnished in the dimensions
4
tion by Attributes
1
specified (see 3.1.2). Standard size brick shall be 9 by 4 ⁄2 by
4
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
1 1
2 ⁄2 in. (229 by 114 by 64 mm), 9 by 4 ⁄2 by 2 in. (229 by 114
1 1
by 51 mm), or 9 by 4 ⁄2 by 1 ⁄4 in. (229 by 114 by 32 mm), as
specified.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
1
6.2 Standard size brick shall not vary more than 6 ⁄16 in. (2
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 on
mm) from specified dimensions of 2 in. (51 mm) or greater, nor
General Requirements.
1
Current edition approved Aug. 31, 1990. Published January 1991.
more than 6 ⁄32 in. (1 mm) from specified dimensions less than
2
Discontinued; See 1991 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.01.
2 in. (see 9.2).
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.01.
4
6.3 For special shapes, no dimension shall vary more than
Available from Standardization Documents, Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,
1
700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS. ⁄16 in. (2 mm) from the dimensions specified (see 9.2).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F 1312 – 90 (2002)
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance 10. Inspection
7.1 Bricks shall be of homogeneous structure, free from 10.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase
cracks, laminations, segregations, void defects, or soft centers. order, the supplier is responsible for the performance of all
All corners and edges shall be sufficiently strong to prevent inspection requirements specified herein. Except as otherwise
excessive crumbling or chipping when handled or shipped. specified, the supplier may use his own or any other facilities
suitable for the performance of the inspection requirements
8. Sampling
specified herein, unless disapproved by the purchaser. The
8.1 For purposes of sampling, an inspection lot for exami-
purchaser reserves the right to perform any of the inspections
nation and tests shall consist of all material of the same size set forth in the specification where such inspections are deemed
and shape offered for delivery at one time.
necessary to ensure that supplies and services conform to
8.2 The sample unit for the tests of Section 9 shall be one prescribed requirements.
brick.
11. Product Marking
8.3 The sam
...

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3.1 Refractory brick are used as modular units in furnace construction and should not deviate significantly from the intended configuration with respect to size, bulk density, flat surfaces, and right angles. These test methods are particularly suited for use under field conditions and provide a means to determine whether the brick meets the requirements considered necessary to assure a satisfactory refractory construction.
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2.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluating the resistance of refractories in glass-melting furnace superstructures to vapor attack. This test method may also be useful for evaluating refractories in other applications where vapor attack occurs.  
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2.4 Since the test method may not accurately simulate the service environment, observed results of this test method may not be representative of those found in service. It is imperative that the user understand and consider how the results of this test method may differ from those encountered in service. This is particularly likely if the reaction products, their nature, or their degree differ from those normally found in the actual service environment.  
2.5 It is incumbent upon the user to understand that this is an aggressive, accelerated test method and to be careful in interpreting the results. If, for example, the reaction species have never been found in a real-world furnace, then this test method should not necessarily be considered valid to evaluate the refractory in question.
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1.1 This test method covers a procedure for comparing the behavior of refractories in contact with vapors under conditions intended to simulate the environment within a glass-melting or other type of furnace when refractories are exposed to vapors from raw batch, molten glass, fuel, fuel contaminants, or other sources. This procedure is intended to accelerate service conditions for the purpose of determining in a relatively short time the interval resistance to fluxing, bloating, shrinkage, expansion, mineral conversion, disintegration, or other physical changes that may occur.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method was developed for use both by manufacturers as a process control tool for the production of AZS fusion-cast refractories, and by glass manufacturers in the selection of refractories and design of glass-melting furnaces.  
4.2 The results may be considered as representative of the potential for an AZS refractory (specifically, in the tested region) to contribute to glass defect formation during the furnace production operation.  
4.3 The procedures and results may be applied to other refractory types or applications (that is, reheat furnace skid rail brick) in which glass exudation is considered to be important.
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1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3.1 Exception—The balance required for this test method uses only SI units (Section 7).  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C67/C67M-23a(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and testing of brick and structural clay tile. The tests include modulus of rupture, compressive strength, absorption, saturation coefficient, effect of freezing and thawing, efflorescence, initial rate or absorption, and determination of weight, size, warpage, length chanange, and void areas. For purposes of these tests, full-size bricks, tiles, or solid masonry units shall be used as test specimens. They shall be representative of the lot of units from which they are to be selected in respect of the range of colors, textures, and sizes and shall be free of or brushed to remove dirt, mud, mortar, or other foreign materials unassociated with the manufacturing process.
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1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and testing of brick and structural clay tile. Although not necessarily applicable to all types of units, tests include modulus of rupture, compressive strength, absorption, saturation coefficient, effect of freezing and thawing, efflorescence, initial rate of absorption and determination of weight, size, warpage, length change, and void area. (Additional methods of test pertinent to ceramic glazes include imperviousness, chemical resistance, opacity, and resistance to crazing.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
Note 1: The testing laboratory performing this test method should be evaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:    
Section Heading  
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Sampling  
4  
Specimen Preparation  
5  
Modulus of Rupture (Flexure Test)  
6  
Compressive Strength  
7  
Absorption  
8  
Freezing and Thawing  
9  
Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction) (Laboratory Test)  
10  
Efflorescence  
11  
Weight Per Unit Area  
12  
Measurement of Size  
13  
Measurement of Warpage  
14  
Measurement of Length Change  
15  
Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction) (Field Test)  
16  
Measurement of Void Area in Cored Units  
17  
Measurement of Void Area in Deep Frogged Units  
18  
Measurement of Out of Square  
19  
Measurement of Shell and Web Thickness  
20  
Breaking Load  
21  
Imperviousness Test (of Ceramin Glazes)  
22  
Chemical Resistance Test (of Ceramic Glazes)  
23  
Autoclaved Crazing Test (of Ceramic Glazes)  
24  
Opacity Test (of Ceramic Glazes)  
25  
Precision and Bias  
26  
Keywords  
27  
Safety Precautions for Autoclave Equipment and Operation  
Appendix X1  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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