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ASTM D4209-07(2013)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes

Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The nonvolatile content of raw materials may be used to determine the total nonvolatile content (solids) of paint and related coatings. Such information may be useful to coatings producers and users for the determination of the total solids available for film formation and for the estimation of the volatile organic content.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a guide to the selection of the proper ASTM test method for determining the volatile and nonvolatile content of cellulosics, emulsions, resin solutions, shellac, and varnishes. Note 1—Standards for determining the composition of the volatile fraction are not covered by this practice.  
1.2 The standards referenced in the practice are as follows:
Classification  
Section  
ASTM Standard  
Cellulosics  
5.1  
D871    
D914  
D1347  
Emulsions  
5.2  
D2369  
Resin Solutions  
5.3  
D1259    
D1490  
Shellac  
5.4  
D29    
D1650  
Varnishes  
5.5  
D115    
D1644
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2013
ICS
87.060.20 - Binders
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.21 - Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D4209-07(2019) - Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes
Effective Date
01-Jul-2019

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ASTM D4209-07(2013) - Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and VarnishesASTM D4209-07(2013) - Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes
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ASTM D4209-07(2013) - Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4209 − 07 (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Practice for
Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics,
Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4209; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D914 Test Methods for Ethylcellulose
D1259 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Resin
1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a guide to the
Solutions
selection of the proper ASTM test method for determining the
D1347 Test Methods for Methylcellulose (Withdrawn
volatile and nonvolatile content of cellulosics, emulsions, resin
2003)
solutions, shellac, and varnishes.
D1490 Test Method for Nonvolatile Content of Urea-
NOTE 1—Standards for determining the composition of the volatile
Formaldehyde Resin Solutions
fraction are not covered by this practice.
D1644 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Varnishes
1.2 The standards referenced in the practice are as follows:
D1650 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Shellac
Varnish (Withdrawn 1997)
Classification Section ASTM Standard
Cellulosics 5.1 D871
D2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
D914
D4758 Test Method for Nonvolatile Content of Latexes
D1347
Emulsions 5.2 D2369 (Withdrawn 2007)
Resin Solutions 5.3 D1259
D1490 3. Terminology
Shellac 5.4 D29
3.1 Definitions:
D1650
Varnishes 5.5 D115
3.1.1 The definitions contained in Terminology D16 are
D1644
applicable to this practice.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.2 cellulose ester, n—derivatives of cellulose in which
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
one or more of the hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by
only.
acyl groups.
3.1.3 cellulose ether, n—derivatives of cellulose in which
2. Referenced Documents
one or more of the hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by
2.1 ASTM Standards:
alkyl groups.
D16 TerminologyforPaint,RelatedCoatings,Materials,and
3.1.4 cellulose nitrate (nitrocellulose), n—derivatives of
Applications
cellulose in which one or more of the hydroxyl hydrogens have
D29 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Lac Resins
been replaced by nitrate groups.
(Withdrawn 2005)
3.1.5 emulsion vehicle, n—an emulsion of binder in water.
D115 Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Var-
The binder may be oil, oleoresinous varnish, resin, or other
nishes Used for Electrical Insulation
emulsifiable liquid.
D360 Specification for Shellac Varnishes
D871 Test Methods of Testing Cellulose Acetate 3.1.6 latex, n—a stable aqueous dispersion of synthetic
resin, produced by emulsion polymerization, as the principal
constituent of the binder.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
3.1.7 shellac varnish, n—a solution or “cut” of a specified
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.
type and grade of dry lac resin in a suitable alcohol.
Current edition approved June 1, 2013. Published June 2013. Originally
3.1.8 varnish, n—a liquid composition that is converted by
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D4209 – 07. DOI:
oxidation or thermal cross-linking to a transparent or translu-
10.1520/D4209-07R13.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
cent solid film after application as a thin layer.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
4. Significance and Use
the ASTM website.
4.1 The nonvolatile content of raw materials may be used to
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. determine the total nonvolatile content (solids) of paint and
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4209 − 07 (2013)
related coatings. Such information may be useful to coatings 105°C. The method is unique in that it provides for drying of
producers and users for the determination of the total solids very thin films of resin, minimizing chances for volatiles to be
available for film formation and for the estimation of the trapped.
volatile organic content.
5.4 Shellac:
5.4.1 Sections 14 and 15 of Test Methods D29 describe two
5. Procedure
methods for the determination of volatile matter (moisture) in
5.1 Cellulosics:
lac resins. Method A (Section 14) is recommended for orange
5.1.1 Test Methods D1644, Method A, should be used for
shellac, button lac, garnet lac, and dry bleached lac. Method B
...

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Note 1: It has been reported that this method may not be applicable to gum rosin, especially any gum rosin containing volatile terpenes. Volatile terpenes are by definition unsaponifiable matter, and can be lost under the drying conditions described in 8.4. The method is applicable to tall oil rosin and wood rosin as these rosins do not contain volatile terpenes.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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