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ASTM D4209-07(2019)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes

Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The nonvolatile content of raw materials may be used to determine the total nonvolatile content (solids) of paint and related coatings. Such information may be useful to coatings producers and users for the determination of the total solids available for film formation and for the estimation of the volatile organic content.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a guide to the selection of the proper ASTM test method for determining the volatile and nonvolatile content of cellulosics, emulsions, resin solutions, shellac, and varnishes.  
Note 1: Standards for determining the composition of the volatile fraction are not covered by this practice.  
1.2 The standards referenced in the practice are as follows:    
Classification  
Section  
ASTM Standard  
Cellulosics  
5.1  
D871    
D914  
D1347  
Emulsions  
5.2  
D2369  
Resin Solutions  
5.3  
D1259    
D1490  
Shellac  
5.4  
D29    
D1650  
Varnishes  
5.5  
D115    
D1644  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Jun-2019
ICS
87.060.20 - Binders
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.21 - Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials
Current Stage
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Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4209-07(2013) - Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes
Effective Date
01-Jul-2019
Refers
ASTM D115-17(2024) - Standard Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Varnishes Used for Electrical Insulation
Effective Date
01-Mar-2024
Refers
ASTM D2369-24 - Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024
Refers
ASTM D16-24 - Standard Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Effective Date
01-Jan-2024
Refers
ASTM D914-12(2019) - Standard Test Methods for Ethylcellulose
Effective Date
01-Dec-2019
Refers
ASTM D360-12(2019) - Standard Specification for Shellac Varnishes
Effective Date
01-Jun-2019
Refers
ASTM D871-96(2019) - Standard Test Methods of Testing Cellulose Acetate
Effective Date
01-Jan-2019
Refers
ASTM D1490-01(2018) - Standard Test Method for Nonvolatile Content of Urea-Formaldehyde Resin Solutions
Effective Date
01-Aug-2018
Refers
ASTM D1259-06(2018) - Standard Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Resin Solutions
Effective Date
01-Jun-2018
Refers
ASTM D115-17 - Standard Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Varnishes Used for Electrical Insulation
Effective Date
01-Nov-2017
Refers
ASTM D16-16 - Standard Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Effective Date
01-Jul-2016
Refers
ASTM D2369-10(2015)e1 - Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Refers
ASTM D16-14 - Standard Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Effective Date
01-Dec-2014
Refers
ASTM D115-14 - Standard Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Varnishes Used for Electrical Insulation
Effective Date
01-Nov-2014
Refers
ASTM D1490-01(2013) - Standard Test Method for Nonvolatile Content of Urea-Formaldehyde Resin Solutions
Effective Date
01-May-2013

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ASTM D4209-07(2019) - Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and VarnishesASTM D4209-07(2019) - Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes
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ASTM D4209-07(2019) - Standard Practice for Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics, Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4209 − 07 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Practice for
Determining Volatile and Nonvolatile Content of Cellulosics,
Emulsions, Resin Solutions, Shellac, and Varnishes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4209; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D29 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Lac Resins
(Withdrawn 2005)
1.1 This practice is intended to serve as a guide to the
D115 Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Var-
selection of the proper ASTM test method for determining the
nishes Used for Electrical Insulation
volatile and nonvolatile content of cellulosics, emulsions, resin
D360 Specification for Shellac Varnishes
solutions, shellac, and varnishes.
D871 Test Methods of Testing Cellulose Acetate
NOTE 1—Standards for determining the composition of the volatile
D914 Test Methods for Ethylcellulose
fraction are not covered by this practice.
D1259 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Resin
1.2 The standards referenced in the practice are as follows:
Solutions
D1347 Test Methods for Methylcellulose (Withdrawn
Classification Section ASTM Standard
Cellulosics 5.1 D871
2003)
D914
D1490 Test Method for Nonvolatile Content of Urea-
D1347
Formaldehyde Resin Solutions
Emulsions 5.2 D2369
Resin Solutions 5.3 D1259
D1644 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Varnishes
D1490
D1650 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Shellac
Shellac 5.4 D29
Varnish (Withdrawn 1997)
D1650
Varnishes 5.5 D115
D2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
D1644
D4758 Test Method for Nonvolatile Content of Latexes
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
(Withdrawn 2007)
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3. Terminology
only.
3.1 Definitions:
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.1 The definitions contained in Terminology D16 are
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
applicable to this practice.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.2 cellulose ester, n—derivatives of cellulose in which
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
one or more of the hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
acyl groups.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.3 cellulose ether, n—derivatives of cellulose in which
2. Referenced Documents
one or more of the hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by
alkyl groups.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D16 TerminologyforPaint,RelatedCoatings,Materials,and 3.1.4 cellulose nitrate (nitrocellulose), n—derivatives of
cellulose in which one or more of the hydroxyl hydrogens have
Applications
been replaced by nitrate groups.
3.1.5 emulsion vehicle, n—an emulsion of binder in water.
The binder may be oil, oleoresinous varnish, resin, or other
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
emulsifiable liquid.
Subcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.
3.1.6 latex, n—a stable aqueous dispersion of synthetic
Current edition approved July 1, 2019. Published July 2019. Originally approved
in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D4209 – 07 (2013). DOI: resin, produced by emulsion polymerization, as the principal
10.1520/D4209-07R19.
constituent of the binder.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4209 − 07 (2019)
3.1.7 shellac varnish, n—a solution or “cut” of a specified 5.3.3 Method A and Method B of Test Methods D1259
type and grade of dry lac resin in a suitable alcohol. differ primarily in the longer drying time specified for Method
B (2 h versus 30 min). In both methods, a weighed specimen
3.1.8 varnish, n—a liquid composition that is converted by
of resin solution is spread under pressure between two weighed
oxidation or thermal cross-linking to a transparent or translu-
sheets of aluminum foil, which are then separated and dried at
cent solid film after application as a thin layer.
105°C. The method is unique in that it provides for drying of
very thin films of resin, minimizing chances for volatiles to be
4. Significance and Use
trapped.
4.1 The nonvolatile content of raw materials may be used to
5.4 Shellac:
det
...

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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the percentage of material in pine chemicals products as defined in Terminology D804 including rosin, tall oil, and related products, other than insoluble dirt or similar visible foreign matter that does not yield a water-soluble soap when the sample is saponified with potassium hydroxide.  
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