ASTM D8047-17a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oil Aeration Resistance in a Caterpillar C13 Direct-Injected Turbocharged Automotive Diesel Engine
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oil Aeration Resistance in a Caterpillar C13 Direct-Injected Turbocharged Automotive Diesel Engine
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Background—Prior to this test method, the ability of an engine lubricant to resist aeration was measured by the engine oil aeration test (EOAT) described in Test Method D6894. The continued availability of engine parts coupled with field service aeration problems led to concerns about the relevance of this test method to newer oil and engine technologies. These concerns prompted the development of this new engine oil aeration test method, based on the Caterpillar C13 engine and termed COAT. This test method aims to provide a more reliable measurement of the ability of a lubricant to resist aeration during engine operation in field service. The engine used is of current technology and the aeration measurement is operator independent.
5.2 Test Method—This test method evaluates aeration performance under high-engine-speed, zero-load operation in a turbocharged, heavy-duty, four-stroke diesel engine.
5.3 Use:
5.3.1 The tendency of engine oils to aerate in direct-injection, turbocharged diesel engines is influenced by a variety of factors, including engine oil formulation, oil temperature, sump design and capacity, residence time of the oil in the sump, and the design of the pressurized oil systems. In some engine oil-activated systems, the residence time of the oil in the sump is insufficient to allow dissipation of aeration from the oil. As a consequence, aerated oil can be circulated to hydraulically activated components, adversely affecting the engine timing characteristics and engine operation.
5.3.2 The results from this test method may be compared against specification requirements such as Specification D4485 to ascertain acceptance.
5.3.3 The design of the test engine used in this test method is representative of many, but not all, diesel engines. This factor, along with the unique operating conditions, needs to be considered when comparing the test results against specification requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates an engine oil's resistance to aeration in automotive diesel engine service. It is commonly referred to as the Caterpillar-C13 Engine-Oil Aeration Test (COAT). The test is conducted under high-engine-speed (1800 r/min), zero-load conditions using a specified Caterpillar 320 kW, direct-injection, turbocharged, after-cooled, six-cylinder diesel engine designed for heavy-duty, on-highway truck use. This test method was developed as a replacement for Test Method D6894.
Note 1: Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in the latest revision of Specification D4485.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent, for example, screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing size.
1.3 This test method is arranged as follows:
Section
Scope
1
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Test Method
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus
6
Engine Liquids and Cleaning Solvent
7
Preparation of Apparatus
8
Engine Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests
9
Procedure
10
Calculation, Test Validity and Test Results
11
Report
12
Precision and Bias
13
Keywords
14
ASTM Test Monitoring Center Organization
Annex A1
Safety Precautions
Annex A2
Engine and Engine Build Parts Kit
Annex A3
Oil Temperature Control System
Annex A4
Engine Modifications and Instrumentation
Annex A5
External Oil System
Annex A6
Aeration Measurement System
Annex A7
Specified Units and Formats
Annex A8
ASTM TMC – Calibration Procedures
Annex A9
ASTM TMC – Maintenance Activities
Annex A10
ASTM TMC – Related Information
Annex A11
Engine Break-in and Silicon Passivation Procedure
Annex A1...
General Information
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Designation: D8047 − 17a
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Engine Oil Aeration Resistance in a Caterpillar
C13 Direct-Injected Turbocharged Automotive Diesel
1
Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8047; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Portions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test
2
Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1).
TheTMCprovidesreferenceoils,andengineeringandstatisticalservicestolaboratoriesthatdesire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, theTest Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
theAmericanChemistryCouncilrequirethatalaboratoryutilizetheTMCservicesaspartoftheirtest
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and
hence theTest Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test
severity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may not
be the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
1. Scope* 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1 This test method evaluates an engine oil’s resistance to
standard.
aeration in automotive diesel engine service. It is commonly
1.2.1 Exception—WherethereisnodirectSIequivalent,for
referred to as the Caterpillar-C13 Engine-Oil Aeration Test
example, screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and
(COAT). The test is conducted under high-engine-speed
tubing size.
(1800r⁄min),zero-loadconditionsusingaspecifiedCaterpillar
320 kW, direct-injection, turbocharged, after-cooled, six-
1.3 This test method is arranged as follows:
cylinder diesel engine designed for heavy-duty, on-highway
Section
truckuse.Thistestmethodwasdevelopedasareplacementfor
Scope 1
Referenced Documents 2
Test Method D6894.
Terminology 3
NOTE 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil perfor-
Summary of Test Method 4
manceforspecificationrequirementsarediscussedinthelatestrevisionof
Significance and Use 5
Specification D4485.
Apparatus 6
Engine Liquids and Cleaning Solvent 7
Preparation of Apparatus 8
Engine Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests 9
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Procedure 10
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Calculation, Test Validity and Test Results 11
Subcommittee D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.
Report 12
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017. Published October 2017. Originally
Precision and Bias 13
approved in 2016. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D8047–17. DOI: Keywords 14
10.1520/D8047-17A. ASTM Test Monitoring Center Organization Annex A1
2
Safety Precautions Annex A2
Until the next revision of this test method, theASTM Test Monitoring Center
Engine and Engine Build Parts Kit Annex A3
will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information
Oil Temperature Control System Annex A4
lettersmaybeobtainedfromtheASTMTestMonitoringCenter,6555PennAvenue,
Engine Modifications and Instrumentation Annex A5
Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489, Attention Administrator. This edition incorporates
External Oil System Annex A6
revisions in all information letters through No. 17-1. http://www.astmtmc.cmu.edu.
Aeration Measurement System Annex A7
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8047 − 17a
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
Section
Specified Units and Formats Annex A8
D4175Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
ASTM TMC: Calibration Procedures Annex A9
Fuels, and Lubricants
ASTM TMC: Maintenance Activities Annex A10
D4485Specification for Performance ofActiveAPI Service
ASTM TMC: Related Information Annex A11
Engine Break-in and Silicon Passivation Procedure Annex A12
Category Engine Oils
Schedule for Taking Oil Samples and Carrying out Annex A13
D5185Test Method for Mult
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D8047 − 17 D8047 − 17a
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Engine Oil Aeration Resistance in a Caterpillar
C13 Direct-Injected Turbocharged Automotive Diesel
1
Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8047; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Portions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test
2
Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1).
The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
the American Chemistry Council require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services as part of their test
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and
hence the Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test
severity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may not
be the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method evaluates an engine oil’s resistance to aeration in automotive diesel engine service. It is commonly referred
to as the Caterpillar-C13 Engine-Oil Aeration Test (COAT). The test is conducted under high-engine-speed (1800 r ⁄min), zero-load
conditions using a specified Caterpillar 320 kW, direct-injection, turbocharged, after-cooled, six-cylinder diesel engine designed
for heavy-duty, on-highway truck use. This test method was developed as a replacement for Test Method D6894.
NOTE 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in the latest revision of
Specification D4485.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent, for example, screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing
size.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. See Annex A2 for general safety precautions.
1.3 This test method is arranged as follows:
Section
Scope 1
Referenced Documents 2
Terminology 3
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.
Current edition approved May 1, 2017Oct. 1, 2017. Published May 2017October 2017. Originally approved in 2016. Last previous edition approved in 20162017 as
D8047 – 16.D8047 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/D8047-17.10.1520/D8047-17A.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information letters
may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489, Attention Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions in all
information letters through No. 16-1.17-1. http://www.astmtmc.cmu.edu.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D8047 − 17a
Section
Summary of Test Method 4
Significance and Use 5
Apparatus 6
Engine Liquids and Cleaning Solvent 7
Preparation of Apparatus 8
Engine Stand Calibration and Non-Reference-Oil Tests 9
Engine Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests 9
Procedure 10
Calculation, Test Validity and Test Results 11
Report 12
...
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