ASTM D4713-92(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Heatset and Liquid Printing Ink Systems
Standard Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Heatset and Liquid Printing Ink Systems
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Nonvolatile content of printing inks is useful for specification acceptance between the producer and the user.
In order to obtain accurate results for heatset systems within the specified 3-h heating time, the specimen film thickness must be less than 100 g/m2, and the oven must have forced ventilation. Thickness of the specimen film is less critical for liquid ink systems.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of weight content of nonvolatile matter in two types of printing inks.
1.2 Test Method A is applicable to heatset-type printing inks and resin solutions; solvents in such systems typically have initial boiling points in the range from 240 to 275°C (470 to 535°F) and vapor pressures less than 0.2 mm Hg.
1.3 Test Method B is applicable to liquid-type printing inks and vehicles based on aqueous or organic solvents that evaporate readily at ordinary room temperatures.Note 1
Test Method A (for heatset systems) specifies a specimen film thickness that is much thinner than those produced by related test methods; one exception is Test Method B in Test Methods D 1259, which is recommended as a referee test. Note 2
Test Method B (for liquid ink systems) is similar to Test Method D 2369 except that a solvent is not required for spreading the test specimen.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D4713 − 92 (Reapproved2007)
Standard Test Methods for
Nonvolatile Content of Heatset and Liquid Printing Ink
Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4713; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
Ventilation Ovens
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of weight
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
content of nonvolatile matter in two types of printing inks.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.2 Test MethodAis applicable to heatset-type printing inks
and resin solutions; solvents in such systems typically have
3. Summary of Test Methods
initial boiling points in the range from 240 to 275°C (470 to
3.1 Test Method A—Heatset Systems. A 0.15-g specimen is
535°F) and vapor pressures less than 0.2 mm Hg.
mechanically spread in a 57-mm weighing dish to a nominal
1.3 Test Method B is applicable to liquid-type printing inks 2
thickness of 80 6 10 g/m and heated in a forced ventilation
and vehicles based on aqueous or organic solvents that evapo-
oven at 110°C for 3 h.
rate readily at ordinary room temperatures.
3.2 TestMethodB—LiquidInkSystems.A0.5-gspecimenis
NOTE 1—Test MethodA(for heatset systems) specifies a specimen film
dispensed into a 57-mm weighing dish by means of a dispos-
thickness that is much thinner than those produced by related test
able syringe, mechanically spread out, and heated in an oven at
methods; one exception is Test Method B in Test Methods D1259, which
110°C for 1 h.
is recommended as a referee test.
NOTE 2—Test Method B (for liquid ink systems) is similar to Test
Method D2369 except that a solvent is not required for spreading the test
4. Significance and Use
specimen.
4.1 Nonvolatile content of printing inks is useful for speci-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
fication acceptance between the producer and the user.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4.2 In order to obtain accurate results for heatset systems
only.
within the specified 3-h heating time, the specimen film
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
thickness must be less than 100 g/m , and the oven must have
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
forced ventilation. Thickness of the specimen film is less
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
critical for liquid ink systems.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Apparatus
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 Balance, accurate to 1 mg.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 Oven, forced-ventilation type conforming toType IIB in
D1259 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Resin
Specification E145 and maintained at 110 6 2°C.
Solutions
5.3 Thermometer, bulb-type, capable of reading 110 6 2°C,
D2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
such as Thermometer 88C prescribed in Specification E1.
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
5.4 Weighing Dish, such as an aluminum foil dish 57 mm
wide, the lid of a 1-lb ink can 94 mm wide, or other
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on flat-bottomed container. The bottom of the container must not
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
have a trough or depression into which the test material might
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks.
collect.
Current edition approved June 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originally
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D4713 – 92 (2002).
5.5 Spatula, or small ink knife.
DOI: 10.1520/D4713-92R07.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 5.6 Spreading Device, one per weighing dish, of heat-stable
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
material, such as a glass stirring rod or thick L-shaped wire.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 5.7 Forceps,
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4713 − 92 (2007)
5.8 Desiccator, 9. Calculation
5.9 Syringe (for liquid ink systems only), single-use 2 to 9.1 Calculate initial weight/area of each specimen:
5-mL capacity without needle, or other weighing device listed
6 2 2
S/A 5 S 310 /3.14R , g/m (1)
in the Apparatus section of Test Methods D1259.
6. Reagents where:
S = initial specimen weight, g,
6.1 Toluene, technical grade.
A = area, and
7. Preparations of Equipment and Sample R = radius of dish bottom, = diameter/2 mm.
NOTE 3—For a dish with a 50-mm bottom diameter, weight/area = 510
7.1 Check the levelness of shelving in the oven; adjust, if
S. For a can lid with a 94-mm bottom diameter, weight/area = 145 S.
necessary. Lay the thermometer on shelf with the bulb at the
9.2 Calculate content of nonvolatile matter as follows:
place where the samples will be placed. Adjust oven controls
untilthermometerreads110 62°C.Ifairflowisadjustable,set
NVM,% 5
...
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