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ASTM D5449/D5449M-93(2000)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Transverse Compressive Properties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylinders

Standard Test Method for Transverse Compressive Properties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylinders

SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the transverse compressive properties of wound polymer matrix composites reinforced by high-modulus continuous fibers. It describes testing of hoop wound (90o
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-2000
ICS
83.140.20 - Laminated sheets
Technical Committee
D30 - Composite Materials
Drafting Committee
D30.04 - Lamina and Laminate Test Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5449/D5449M-93 - Standard Test Method for Transverse Compressive Properties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylinders
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Replaced By
ASTM D5449/D5449M-93(2006) - Standard Test Method for Transverse Compressive Properties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylinders
Effective Date
15-Jan-2006
Referred By
ASTM D5448/D5448M-22 - Standard Test Method for Inplane Shear Properties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylinders
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM D4762-18 - Standard Guide for Testing Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM D5450/D5450M-22 - Standard Test Method for Transverse Tensile Properties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylinders
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001

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ASTM D5449/D5449M-93(2000) - Standard Test Method for Transverse Compressive Properties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite CylindersASTM D5449/D5449M-93(2000) - Standard Test Method for Transverse Compressive Properties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylinders
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ASTM D5449/D5449M-93(2000) - Standard Test Method for Transverse Compressive Properties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylinders
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 5449/D 5449M – 93 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Test Method for
Transverse Compressive Properties of Hoop Wound
1
Polymer Matrix Composite Cylinders
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5449/D5449M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5448/D5448M Test Method for In-Plane Shear Proper-
ties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylin-
1.1 This test method determines the transverse compressive
4
ders
properties of wound polymer matrix composites reinforced by
D5450/D5450M TestMethodforTransverseTensileProp-
high-modulus continuous fibers. It describes testing of hoop
erties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylin-
wound (90°) cylinders in axial compression for determination
4
ders
of transverse compressive properties.
5
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the
5
ing
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
E111 TestMethodforYoung’sModulus,TangentModulus,
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
5
and Chord Modulus
must be used independently of the other. Combining values
E122 Practice for Choice of Sample Size to Estimate a
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
6
Measure of Quality for a Lot or Process
standard.
E132 Test Method for Poisson’s Ratio at Room Tempera-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5
ture
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E177 Practice for Use of Terms Precision and Bias in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6
ASTM Test Methods
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
E251 Test Methods for Performance Characteristics of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5
Metallic Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
6
2. Referenced Documents E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
D792 TestMethodsforDensityandSpecificGravity(Rela-
2
E 1237 Guide for Installing Bonded Resistance Strain
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
5
2
Gages
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced
3. Terminology
3
Resins
3.1 Definitions—TerminologyD3878definestermsrelating
D2734 Test Method for Void Content of Reinforced Plas-
3 to high-modulus fibers and their composites. Terminology
tics
D883 defines terms relating to plastics. Terminology E6
D3171 Test Method for Constituent Content of Composite
4 defines terms relating to mechanical testing. Terminology
Materials
E456 and Practice E177 defines terms relating to statistics. In
D3878 Terminology for High-Modulus Reinforcing Fibers
4 the event of a conflict between terms, Terminology D3878
and Their Composites
shall have precedence over other standards.
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption
7
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Ma-
4
trix Composite Materials
5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
1 7
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on If the term represents a physical quantity, its analytical dimensions are stated
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.04 on immediately following the term (or letter symbol) in fundamental dimension form,
Lamina and Laminate Test Methods. usingthefollowingASTMstandardsymbologyforfundamentaldimensions,shown
Current edition approved August 15, 1993. Published October 1993. within square brackets: [M] for mass, [L] for length, [T] for time, [u] for
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. thermodynamic temperature, and [nd] for nondimensional quantities. Use of these
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02. symbolsisrestrictedtoanalyticaldimensionswhenusedwithsquarebrackets,asthe
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.03. symbols may have other definitions when used without the brackets.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 5449/D 5449M
3.2.1 winding—an entire part completed by one winding elasticity determination. Every effort should be made to elimi-
operation and then cured. nate excess bending from the test system. Bendin
...

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5.1 This test method is designed to yield tensile fatigue data for material specifications, research and development, quality assurance, and structural design and analysis. The primary test result is the fatigue life of the test specimen under a specific loading and environmental condition. Replicate tests may be used to obtain a distribution of fatigue life for specific material types, laminate stacking sequences, environments, and loading conditions. Guidance in statistical analysis of fatigue life data, such as determination of linearized stress life (S-N) or strain-life (ε-N) curves, can be found in Practice E739.  
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1.2 This test method presents two procedures where each defines a different test control parameter.  
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4.1 This guide is intended to aid in the selection of standards for polymer matrix composite materials. It specifically summarizes the application of standards from ASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials that apply to continuous-fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite materials. For reference and comparison, many commonly used or applicable ASTM standards from other ASTM Committees are also included.
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1.1 This guide summarizes the application of ASTM standard test methods (and other supporting standards) to continuous-fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite materials. The most commonly used or most applicable ASTM standards are included, emphasizing use of standards of Committee D30 on Composite Materials.  
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5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.
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1.1 This test method determines the uniaxial high bypass - low bearing interaction response of multi-directional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers using a two-fastener hard point joint specimen. The scope of this test method is limited to net section (bypass) failure modes. Standard specimen configurations using fixed values of test parameters are described for this procedure. A number of test parameters may be varied within the scope of the standard, provided that the parameters are fully documented in the test report. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1. This test method was previously published under Test Method D7248/D7248M-17 Procedure C.  
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Standard Practice for Bearing Fatigue Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates

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5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.
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5.1 This test practice is designed to produce tensile property data for material specifications, research and development, quality assurance, and structural design and analysis. Factors that influence the tensile response and should therefore be reported include the following: materials (laminates and adhesive), methods of material preparation including surface preparation prior to bonding, lay-ups, specimen stacking sequence, joint taper ratio or step length, ply overlap length, material relative thicknesses and stiffness of the parent and repair laminates, adhesive bond stiffness, specimen preparation, specimen conditioning, environment of testing, specimen alignment and gripping, speed of testing, time at temperature, void content, and volume percent reinforcement. Properties in the test direction, which may be obtained from this test practice, include the following:  
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Standard Test Method for Short-Beam Strength of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials and Their Laminates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In most cases, because of the complexity of internal stresses and the variety of failure modes that can occur in this specimen, it is not generally possible to relate the short-beam strength to any one material property. However, failures are normally dominated by resin and interlaminar properties, and the test results have been found to be repeatable for a given specimen geometry, material system, and stacking sequence  (4).  
5.2 Short-beam strength determined by this test method can be used for quality control and process specification purposes. It can also be used for comparative testing of composite materials, provided that failures occur consistently in the same mode (5) .  
5.3 This test method is not limited to specimens within the range specified in Section 8, but is limited to the use of a loading span length-to-specimen thickness ratio of 4.0 and a minimum specimen thickness of 2.0 mm [0.08 in.].
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1.1 This test method determines the short-beam strength of high-modulus fiber-reinforced composite materials. The specimen is a short beam machined from a curved or a flat laminate up to 6.00 mm [0.25 in.] thick. The beam is loaded in three-point bending.  
1.2 Application of this test method is limited to continuous- or discontinuous-fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites, for which the elastic properties are balanced and symmetric with respect to the longitudinal axis of the beam.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D5449/D5449M-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Transverse Compressive Properties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylinders

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to produce transverse compressive property data for material specifications, research and development, quality assurance, and structural design and analysis. Factors that influence the transverse compressive response and should therefore be reported are: material, method of material preparation, specimen preparation, specimen conditioning, environment of testing, specimen alignment and gripping, speed of testing, void content, and fiber volume fraction. Properties in the test direction that may be obtained from this test method are:  
5.1.1 Transverse compressive strength, σ22uc,  
5.1.2 Transverse compressive strain at failure, ε22uc,  
5.1.3 Transverse compressive modulus of elasticity, E22, and  
5.1.4 Poisson's ratio, γ21.
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1.1 This test method determines the transverse compressive properties of wound polymer matrix composites reinforced by high-modulus continuous fibers. It describes testing of hoop wound (90°) cylinders in axial compression for determination of transverse compressive properties.  
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1.3.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D5450/D5450M-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Transverse Tensile Properties of Hoop Wound Polymer Matrix Composite Cylinders

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to produce transverse tensile property data for material specifications, research and development, quality assurance, and structural design and analysis. Factors which influence the transverse tensile response and should, therefore, be reported are: material, methods of material preparation, specimen preparation, specimen conditioning, environment of testing, specimen alignment and gripping, speed of testing, void content, and fiber volume fraction. Properties, in the test direction, which may be obtained from this test method include:  
5.1.1 Transverse Tensile Strength,    
5.1.2 Transverse Tensile Strain at Failure,    
5.1.3 Transverse Tensile Modulus of Elasticity,  E22, and  
5.1.4 Poisson's Ratio,  υ21.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the transverse tensile properties of wound polymer matrix composites reinforced by high-modulus continuous fibers. It describes testing of hoop wound (90°) cylinders in axial tension for determination of transverse tensile properties.  
1.2 The technical content of this test method has been stable since 1993 without significant objection from its stakeholders. As there is limited technical support for the maintenance of this test method, changes since that date have been limited to items required to retain consistency with other ASTM D30 Committee standards, including editorial changes and incorporation of updated guidance on specimen preconditioning and environmental testing. The test method, therefore, should not be considered to include any significant changes in approach and practice since 1993. Future maintenance of the test method will only be in response to specific requests and performed only as technical support allows.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1922/E1922M-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Translaminar Fracture Toughness of Laminated and Pultruded Polymer Matrix Composite Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The parameter KTL  determined by this test method is a measure of the resistance of a polymer matrix composite laminate to notch-tip damage and effective translaminar crack growth under opening mode loading. The result is valid only for conditions in which the damage zone at the notch tip is small compared with the notch length and the in-plane specimen dimensions. Alternately, for materials exhibiting distributed damage in a larger volume, observed force-displacement and discrete damage events are still valid structural responses for certain specific engineering applications.  
5.2 This test method can serve the following purposes. In research and development, (a) KTL data can quantitatively establish the effects of fiber and matrix variables and stacking sequence of the laminate on the translaminar fracture resistance of composite laminates; and (b) quantified distributed damage measurements can be used to validate progressive composite damage models. In structural design, KTL data can, within the constraints of the specimen geometry and loading, be used to assess composite laminate resistance to damage growth from edge flaws and notches.  
5.3 The translaminar fracture toughness,  KTL, as well as distributed damage observations, determined by this test method may be a function of the testing speed and temperature. This test method is intended for room temperature and quasi-static conditions, but it can apply to other test conditions provided that the requirements of 13.2 and 13.3 are met. Application of KTL in the design of service components should be made with awareness that the test parameters specified by this test may differ from service conditions, possibly resulting in a different material response than that seen in service. Distributed damage observations are also limited to the material and geometry tested, but may be more generally applied to a variety of structural analysis validation applications.  
5.4 Not all types of laminated polymer matrix...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of translaminar fracture toughness, KTL, for laminated, molded, or pultruded polymer matrix composite materials of various fiber orientations using test results from monotonically loaded notched specimens. If the material response is such that the KTL calculation is not valid, alternate reporting methods are provided.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to room temperature laboratory air environments.  
1.3 Composite materials that can be tested by this test method are not limited by thickness or by type of polymer matrix or fiber, provided that the specimen sizes and the test results meet the requirements of this test method. This test method was developed primarily from test results of various carbon fiber – epoxy matrix laminates and from additional results of glass fiber – epoxy matrix, glass fiber-polyester matrix pultrusions and carbon fiber – bismaleimide matrix laminates (1-4, 5, 6).2  
1.4 A range of eccentrically loaded, single-edge-notch tension, ESE(T), specimen sizes with proportional planar dimensions is provided, but planar size may be variable and adjusted, with associated changes in the applied test load. Specimen thickness is a variable, independent of planar size.  
1.5 Specimen configurations other than those contained in this test method may be used. It is particularly important that the requirements discussed in 5.1 and 5.4 regarding contained notch-tip damage be met when using alternative specimen configurations in conjunction with the KTL calculation.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.6.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown ...

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