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ASTM D6890-03a

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber

Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber

SCOPE
1.1 This automated laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of conventional diesel fuel oil, oil-sands based fuels, blends of fuel containing biodiesel material, diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives, and is applicable to products typical of ASTM Specification D 975 grades No. 1-D and 2-D regular and low-sulfur diesel fuel oils, European standard EN 590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517 and 3.6-2000. The test method may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel blending components.
1.2 This test method measures the ignition delay and utilizes a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injection into heated, compressed air. An equation converts an ignition delay determination to a derived cetane number (DCN).
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from 3.6 to 5.0 milliseconds (55.3 to 40.5 DCN). The combustion analyzer can measure shorter and longer ignition delays but precision may be affected.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jul-2003
ICS
13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
43.060.40 - Fuel systems
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.01 - Combustion Characteristics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6890-03 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber
Effective Date
10-Jul-2003
Replaced By
ASTM D6890-04 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber
Effective Date
01-Apr-2004
Referred By
ASTM D1655-23 - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
Effective Date
10-Jul-2003
Referred By
ASTM D975-23 - Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
Effective Date
10-Jul-2003
Referred By
ASTM D7467-20a - Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20)
Effective Date
10-Jul-2003
Referred By
ASTM D8147-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Special-Purpose Test Fuels for Aviation Compression-Ignition Engines
Effective Date
10-Jul-2003
Referred By
ASTM D4054-23 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of New Aviation Turbine Fuels and Fuel Additives
Effective Date
10-Jul-2003
Referred By
ASTM D4737-21 - Standard Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation
Effective Date
10-Jul-2003
Referred By
ASTM D6751-23a - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blendstock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
Effective Date
10-Jul-2003

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ASTM D6890-03a - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume ChamberASTM D6890-03a - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber
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ASTM D6890-03a - Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: D 6890 – 03a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number
(DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant
,
1 2
Volume Chamber
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6890; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
4
1. Scope D 975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
5
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
1.1 This automated laboratory test method covers the quan-
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
titative determination of the ignition characteristics of conven-
6
Petroleum Products
tional diesel fuel oil, oil-sands based fuels, blends of fuel
D 4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
containing biodiesel material, diesel fuel oils containing cetane
6
Products, and Lubricants
number improver additives, and is applicable to products
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
typical of ASTM Specification D 975 grades No. 1-D and 2-D
6
Petroleum Products
regular and low-sulfur diesel fuel oils, European standard EN
D 5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid
590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517 and 3.6-2000.
7
Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
The test method may also be applied to the quantitative
D 6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
determination of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel
Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System
blending components.
8
Performance
1.2 This test method measures the ignition delay and utilizes
D 6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
a constant volume combustion chamber with direct fuel injec-
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
tion into heated, compressed air. An equation converts an
7
Lubricants
ignition delay determination to a derived cetane number
D 6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improve-
(DCN).
ment of the Expected Agreement Between Two Test
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from
Methods that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a
3.3 to 6.4 ms (60 to 33 DCN). The combustion analyzer can
8
Material
measure shorter and longer ignition delays, but precision may
9
E 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
be affected.
10
2.2 ISO Standards:
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ISO 4010 Diesel Engines—Calibrating Nozzle, Delay
standard.
Pintle Type
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ISO 4259 Petroleum products—Determination and applica-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tion of precision data in relation to methods of test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2.3 EN Standard:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
EN 590 Automotive Fuels—Diesel—Requirements and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
11
Test Methods
2. Referenced Documents
2.4 IP Standard:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D 613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
1 4
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
5
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
6
D02.01 on Combustion Characteristics. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
7
Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03.
8
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 6890–03. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.04.
2 9
This test method is based on IP PM CQ/2001, published in the IP Standard Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
10
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Petroleum and Related Products and British Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4th
Standard 2000 Parts. Copyrighted by The Institute of Petroleum, 61, New Cavendish floor, New York, NY 10036.
11
Street, London, W1G 7AR. Adapted with permission of The Institute of Petroleum. Available from European Committee for Standardization. Central Secretariat:
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.05. rue de Stassart, 36, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 6890 – 03a
IP 41 Ignition Quality of Diesel Fuels—Cetane Engine Test 3.2.5 derived cetane number (DCN), n—a number calcu-
12
Method lated using a conversion equation that relates a comb
...

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ASTM D6890-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The ID and DCN values determined by this test method can provide a measure of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel oil in compression ignition engines.  
5.2 This test can be used in commerce as a specification aid to relate or match fuels and engines. It can also be useful in research or when there is interest in the ignition delay of a diesel fuel under the conditions of this test method.  
5.3 The relationship of diesel fuel oil DCN determinations to the performance of full-scale, variable-speed, variable-load diesel engines is not completely understood.  
5.4 This test may be applied to non-conventional fuels. It is recognized that the performance of non-conventional fuels in full-scale engines is not completely understood. The user is therefore cautioned to investigate the suitability of ignition characteristic measurements for predicting performance in full-scale engines for these types of fuels.  
5.5 This test determines ignition characteristics and requires a sample of approximately 100 mL and a test time of approximately 20 min on a fit-for-use instrument.
SCOPE
1.1 This automated laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of conventional diesel fuel oil, oil-sands based fuels, hydrocarbon oils, blends of fuel containing biodiesel material, diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives, and is applicable to products typical of ASTM Specification D975 grades No. 1-D S15, No. 1-D S500, and No. 1-D S5000, and grades No. 2-D S15, No. 2-D S500, and No. 2-D S5000 diesel fuel oils, European standard EN 590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517 and 3.520. The test method may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel blending components.  
1.2 This test method measures the ignition delay of a diesel fuel injected directly into a constant volume combustion chamber containing heated, compressed air. An equation correlates an ignition delay determination to cetane number by Test Method D613, resulting in a derived cetane number (DCN).  
1.3 This test method covers the ignition delay range from 2.64 ms to 6.90 ms (75.1 DCN to 31.5 DCN). The combustion analyzer can measure shorter and longer ignition delays, but precision may be affected. For these shorter or longer ignition delays the correlation equation for DCN is given in Appendix X2.  
1.4 For purposes of determining conformance with the parameters of this test method, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the parameter, in accordance with the rounding method of Practice E29.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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Standard Test Method for Determination of Ignition Delay and Derived Cetane Number (DCN) of Diesel Fuel Oils by Combustion in a Constant Volume Chamber

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The ID and DCN values determined by this test method can provide a measure of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel oil in compression ignition engines.  
5.2 This test can be used in commerce as a specification aid to relate or match fuels and engines. It can also be useful in research or when there is interest in the ignition delay of a diesel fuel under the conditions of this test method.  
5.3 The relationship of diesel fuel oil DCN determinations to the performance of full-scale, variable-speed, variable-load diesel engines is not completely understood.  
5.4 This test may be applied to non-conventional fuels. It is recognized that the performance of non-conventional fuels in full-scale engines is not completely understood. The user is therefore cautioned to investigate the suitability of ignition characteristic measurements for predicting performance in full-scale engines for these types of fuels.  
5.5 This test determines ignition characteristics and requires a sample of approximately 100 mL and a test time of approximately 20 min on a fit-for-use instrument.
SCOPE
1.1 This automated laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of conventional diesel fuel oil, oil-sands based fuels, hydrocarbon oils, blends of fuel containing biodiesel material, diesel fuel oils containing cetane number improver additives, and is applicable to products typical of ASTM Specification D975 grades No. 1-D S15, No. 1-D S500, and No. 1-D S5000, and grades No. 2-D S15, No. 2-D S500, and No. 2-D S5000 diesel fuel oils, European standard EN 590, and Canadian standards CAN/CGSB-3.517 and 3.520. The test method may also be applied to the quantitative determination of the ignition characteristics of diesel fuel blending components.  
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1.1 This specification covers UNS N06002, UNS N06030, UNS N06035, UNS N06022, UNS N06200, UNS N10362, UNS N06230, UNS N06600, UNS N06617, UNS N06625, UNS N08020, UNS N08026, UNS N08024, UNS N08120, UNS N08926, UNS N08367, UNS N10242, UNS N10276, UNS N10665, UNS N10675, UNS N12160, UNS R20033, UNS N06059, UNS N06686, UNS N10629, UNS N08031, UNS N06045, UNS N06025, UNS N06699, and UNS R305562 billets and bars for reforging.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
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    English language
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  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off