ASTM D861-01a

Standard Practice for Use of the Tex System to Designate Linear Density of Fibers, Yarn Intermediates, and Yarns

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the use of the tex system to designate the linear density (number, or count) of fibers and of yarns made from any type of fiber or combination of fibers. It is also applicable to other textile materials, including yarn intermediates (slivers, rovings, tops, etc.), single or plied yarns, cords, and threads.
Note 1—The mass per unit length concept of linear density is applicable to any material which has a high ratio of length to cross section.
1.2 Conversion factors for various indirect and direct yarn numbers to exact tex equivalents can be found in Standard Tables D 2260.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2001
• ICS: 59.080.20 - Yarns
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.58 - Yarns and Fibers

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D861-01 - Standard Practice for Use of the Tex System to Designate Linear Density of Fibers, Yarn Intermediates, and Yarns
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM D861-07 - Standard Practice for Use of the Tex System to Designate Linear Density of Fibers, Yarn Intermediates, and Yarns
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2007
• Referred By: ASTM E337-15(2023) - Standard Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Temperatures)
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4849-21 - Standard Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1244-98(2020) - Standard Practice for Designation of Yarn Construction
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D861–01a
Standard Practice for
Use of the Tex System to Designate Linear Density of
1
Fibers, Yarn Intermediates, and Yarns
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 861; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This practice covers the use of the tex system to 3.1 Definitions:
designate the linear density (number, or count) of fibers and of 3.1.1 linear density, n.—for fiber and yarn, mass per unit
yarns made from any type of fiber or combination of fibers. It length.
is also applicable to other textile materials, including yarn 3.1.2 tex, n.—the unit of linear density equal to the mass in
intermediates(slivers,rovings,tops,etc.),singleorpliedyarns, grams of 1000 m of fiber, yarn, or other textile strand, that is
cords, and threads. used in a direct yarn numbering system.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Thetermskilotex,decitex,andmillitex
NOTE 1—The mass per unit length concept of linear density is appli-
are frequently used to express linear density. Conversion
cable to any material which has a high ratio of length to cross section.
factors from tex to these measures are contained in Tables D
1.2 Conversion factors for various indirect and direct yarn
2260.
numbers to exact tex equivalents can be found in Standard
3.1.3 For definitions of other textile terms used in this
Tables D 2260.
practice, refer to Terminology D 123.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 The tex system has been approved for general use by the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
International Organization for Standardization, Technical
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Committee 38 on Textiles (ISO/TC 38), which has also
recommended a list of rounded tex numbers for use with fibers
2. Referenced Documents
and all types of yarns. Conversion tables showing the rounded
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tex numbers corresponding to various numbers in different
2
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
traditional systems are given in Tables D 2260 and ISO 2947.
D 2260 Tables of Conversion Factors and Equivalent Yarn
4.2 The tex system for designation of the linear density of
2
Numbers Measured in Various Numbering Systems
fibers and yarns is a direct system based on mass per unit
2.2 ISO Standards:
length, M/L, and employs metric units of length and mass. The
ISO 1144 Textiles—Universal System for Designating Lin-
tex unit, grams per kilometre (1000 m) has been approved by
3
ear Density (Tex System)
ISO/TC 38 for use with all fibers and all types of yarn. The
ISO 2947 Textiles—Integrated Conversion Table for Re-
committee has also approved the use of kilotex and decatex
placing Traditional Yarn Numbers by Rounded Values in
numbersforcoarsestructuresanddecitexandmillitexnumbers
3
the Tex System
for fibers.
2.3 Other Document:
4.3 The tex system relates to the property commonly asso-
4
Guide to Metrication for the Textile Industry
ciated with coarseness
...